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过硫酸铵引发丙烯腈/衣康酸铵的共聚合工艺研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
选择衣康酸铵[(NH4)2IA)]作为共聚单体,以过硫酸铵[(NH4)2S2O8]为引发剂,采用水相沉淀聚合工艺合成高分子质量的丙烯腈/衣康酸镀[AN/(NH4)2IA)]共聚物。研究了引发剂浓度、单体浓度、单体配比、聚合温度和聚合时间对共聚反应的影响。结果表明:该体系的聚合反应速率较快,且制得了粘均分子质量高达(38-75)×104的AN/(NH4)2IA共聚物。 相似文献
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以含有亲水基团的偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐(AIBA)为引发剂,以丙烯腈(AN)、丙烯酸甲酯(MA)和衣康酸(IA)为单体,β-巯基乙醇(β-ME)为分子量调节剂,采用水相沉淀聚合法制备了不同分子量的AN-MA-IA共聚物,研究了AIBA浓度、单体浓度和β-ME浓度对聚合过程的影响。根据AIBA分解半衰期和单体竞聚规律确定了聚合温度70℃和pH=4.7为较优反应条件。结果表明,AIBA浓度是影响聚合转化率的决定因素,通过调整AIBA浓度可以得到分子量60000~500000的PAN共聚物,较高的AIBA浓度会由于聚合场所的改变而造成分子量分散度小幅上升;浓度在0.2%(质量)以内时,分子量调节剂β-ME可以调控PAN共聚物的分子量,并使其分布变窄。 相似文献
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以丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)、丙烯腈(AN)为单体,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,β-巯基乙醇(β-ME)为链转移剂在甲醇溶剂中通过自由基聚合,制备了HEA-AN共聚物。用红外光谱(FT-1 1IR)、H核磁共振(H-NMR)以及热重分析(TG)对聚合物的结构进行了分析表征。通过控制变量的方法研究了反应温度、时间、引发剂用量、链转移剂用量等对聚合反应中的黏均分子质量、转化率的影响;对比分析了一次投料和连续投料2种方法合成的共聚物的羟值,发现连续投料法合成的聚合物在反应过程中羟值变化很小,合成的聚合物结构组成均匀性更好。 相似文献
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以苯乙烯(St)和丙烯腈(AN)为单体,2-溴代异丁酸乙酯(EBiB)为引发剂,三氯化铁(FeCl3)-丁二甲酸(SA)为复合催化体系,抗坏血酸为还原剂,采用电子活化再生原子转移自由基聚合(AGET-ATRP)法对苯乙烯、丙烯腈进行溶液聚合,得到了苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(SAN)。采用红外、核磁表征共聚物结构;凝胶渗透色谱测定了共聚物的相对分子量及分子量分布。研究了聚合反应动力学。实验结果表明:聚合反应体系符合一级动力学规律,该聚合反应具有可控性。考察了还原剂用量、溶剂对聚合反应速率、SAN的数均相对分子质量及其分布的影响。在n(AN):n(St)=50:50、n(EBiB):n(FeCl3):n(SA):n(VC)=1:1:2:1、反应温度为75℃时,聚合反应速率最快,SAN的相对分子质量分布小于1.25(单体转化率大于30%之后),此时聚合反应的可控性较好。 相似文献
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以超临界CO2为反应介质进行了甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯(TFEMA)的聚合,研究了单体浓度、引发剂用量、反应温度对聚合的影响,并且以甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(MBFA-12)为共聚单体与TFEMA共聚合,研究了聚合物的结构与聚合物膜的表面性能。结果表明:单体浓度、引发剂用量及反应温度都是影响TFEMA均聚合的因素;引入MBFA-12共聚单体可以改善聚合物在超临界CO2中的溶解性,从而可使聚合物的数均分子量由22 316增加到39 985,相对分子质量分布由1.93降至1.49,同时使共聚物的玻璃化转变温度在一定程度上降低;共聚物膜的表面性能随着共聚物中MBFA-12含量的增加而提高。 相似文献
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采用水相沉淀聚合法,以过硫酸铵为引发剂,制备了丙烯腈-丙烯酸甲酯-甲叉丁二酸三元共聚物,研究了聚合温度、单体浓度、引发剂浓度对聚丙烯腈共聚物相对分子质量和单体转化率的影响。结果表明:当反应温度为58℃,反应时间为2.5 h,单体质量分数为25%,引发剂质量分数为1.5%时,聚合物的黏均分子质量达3.8×105,单体转化率为79%。 相似文献
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In this work, methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene (ST) were used as monomers in the first stage and second stage of polymerization, respectively, and potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) was used as the initiator to synthesize the poly(methyl methacrylate)-polystyrene (PMMA/PS) composite latex by the method of two-stage soapless emulsion polymerization, i.e., PMMA seeded soapless emulsion polymerization of styrene. The morphology of the latex particles was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It showed that the composite latex particles had a core–shell structure. The particlesize distribution of the composite latex was very uniform. The kinetic data of seeded soapless emulsion polymerization showed that the square root of polymer yield (Wp)1/2 was proportional to the reaction time in the earlier period of the reaction. The slope of the line of (Wp)1/2 vs. reaction time was independent of the content of the seed, but proportional to 0.5 power of the initiator concentration. The gel effect was apparent after monomer droplets disappeared. A glassy effect was found in the latter period of the reaction. The number-average molecular weight of the polymers increased but the weight-average molecular weight of the polymers decreased with decrease of the MMA/ST weight ratio. The number- and weight-average molecular weight increased with decreasing the temperature significantly. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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Neeraj Zambare Masoud Soroush Michael C. Grady 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2002,48(5):1022-1033
Real-time implementation of a robust multirate state estimator on a continuous stirred-tank, free-radical, styrene polymerization reactor is presented. The estimator is designed based on a first-principles model of the process. It has integral action that allows for robust estimation of the process states. The estimator calculates frequent robust estimates of polymer weight-average and number-average molecular weights and monomer concentration. These are estimated from frequent online measurements of the reactor temperature, and infrequent offline and delayed measurements of polymer weight-average and number-average molecular weights and monomer concentration. In-frequent measurements of monomer concentration are obtained by gas chromatography and gravimetry, and those of weight-average and number-average molecular weights by gel permeation chromatography. 相似文献
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主要研究了丙烯腈(AN)与衣康酸(LA)发生共聚反应时,不同偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)引发剂用量对聚合产物的分子质量、分子立构及热性能的影响。研究结果表明:丙烯腈聚合产物的分子链构型符合无规聚合的概率论分布规律,但聚合物分子中全同立构体的比例随AIBN加入量的增大而增加;通过研究聚合物在氮气氛围中的热降解,发现共聚物在受热分解时热量的变化随引发剂用量的增加而趋于平缓。 相似文献
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以环己烷为溶剂、苯乙烯(St)和丁二烯(Bd)为单体、正丁基锂(n-BuLi)为引发剂、四氢呋喃(THF)为结构调节剂,γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷为偶合剂,通过活性负离子溶液聚合得到了丁苯嵌段共聚物。研究了杂质对阴离子聚合的影响,苯乙烯转化率、温度与聚合时间的关系,丁二烯转化率与聚合时间的关系,丁二烯、苯乙烯共聚时转化率与聚合时间的关系,单体比及偶合工艺条件的确定,"游离"聚苯乙烯(PS)、"游离"丁苯共聚物对冲击强度的影响。结果表明,总单体比(St/Bd)为72/28~76/24(质量比)、无规段单体比(St/Bd*)为55/45~62/38(质量比)、THF为单体总质量的0.6%~1.0%时,在(75±5)℃下聚合,(85±5)℃下偶合可得到力学性能较好的丁苯嵌段共聚物,Mw=2.493×105,Mn=8.99×104,相对分子质量分布为2.77。 相似文献
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The polymerization of butadiene in a solution of 1-butanol as a solvent and in the presence of hydrogen peroxide as an initiator was studied. The influence of four factors—polymerization temperature, concentration of the initiator, polymerization time, and stirring rate—on the yield, molecular weight characteristics, and the number-average functionality of the hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes (HTPBs) were determined. Regression models which adequately fit the experimental data were obtained. On this basis, the optimum values of the most significant factors—polymerization temperature and concentration of the initiator for obtaining maximum yield of HTPB—were evaluated. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 2491–2496, 1997 相似文献
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This work deals with the non-steady-state kinetics of free radical polymerization with redox initiation. Rigorous expressions for the radical concentration, monomer conversion, molecular size distribution function, and number-average and weight-average molecular weights, etc., were derived. The molecular parameters of the resulting polymer were evaluated in relation to the polymerization conditions. 相似文献