AIBN对P(AN-co-IA)共聚物性能影响的研究

主要研究了丙烯腈(AN)与衣康酸(LA)发生共聚反应时,不同偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)引发剂用量对聚合产物的分子质量、分子立构及热性能的影响。研究结果表明:丙烯腈聚合产物的分子链构型符合无规聚合的概率论分布规律,但聚合物分子中全同立构体的比例随AIBN加入量的增大而增加;通过研究聚合物在氮气氛围中的热降解,发现共聚物在受热分解时热量的变化随引发剂用量的增加而趋于平缓。     

窄分布低分子质量端羟基聚四氢呋喃的合成与研究

以三氟化硼乙醚配合物(BF3·OEt2)为催化剂,环氧丙烷(PO)为起始剂,二氯甲烷(CH2 Cl2)作溶剂,通过四氢呋喃的阳离子开环聚合合成了窄分子质量分布(Mw/Mn＜1.3)的端羟基聚四氧呋喃(PTHF).研究了三氟化硼乙醚配合物用量、溶剂用量、起始剂用量、反应时间对PTHF分子质量(Mn)及其分布(Mw/Mn)...     

烯烃共聚物的分子质量分布和短链支化分布的同步去卷积方法

烯烃共聚物的分子质量分布(MWD)和短链支化分布(SCBD)可通过凝胶渗透色谱和红外检测器联用进行表征,MWD和SCBD的去卷积对反应动力学特性分析和动力学参数估计具有重要作用。基于微观结构瞬时分布方法提出了一种MWD和SCBD的同步去卷积方法,对比阐述了MWD单独去卷积、MWD和SCBD分步和同步去卷积3类方法,通过解析模拟生成的微观结构数据和实际样品的表征结果,比较了分步和同步去卷积方法。结果表明,同步去卷积方法应用于模拟生成的微观结构数据时能更为高效、准确地还原已知的原始特征参数;应用于实际样品表征结果时能得到更具物理意义和规律性变化的可靠特征参数。     

宽或双峰分子量分布HDPE的研制Ⅱ.聚合工艺条件对聚合产物性能的影响

采用双金属复合催化剂制备出了宽或双峰分子量分布的高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）,并对所合成出的聚合物进行了结晶行为分析,分子量及分子量分布测试。结果表明：用双金属复合催化剂法制备的ＨＤＰＥ的力学性能优于传统方法。     

生物可吸收材料PDLLA的聚合条件研究

通过乳酸脱水合成出高纯度的D,L 丙交酯。以辛酸亚锡为引发剂,进行丙交酯开环聚合为聚乳酸(PDL LA)的实验研究。讨论了D,L 丙交酯开环聚合的影响因素和PDLLA聚合条件。     

超分子组装与聚合研究的新进展

超分子化学的组装与聚合是化学学科的一门新兴热点边缘学科,本文简要介绍了超分子化合物的组装、聚合及应用,详细综述了:(1)大环超分子化合物的聚集与组装;(2)大环超分子凝胶的形成;(3)磺化杯芳烃的合成及其分子组装。     

聚合条件对聚丙烯酸乳胶增稠性影响的研究

用反相乳液聚合方法制备了增稠性好的聚丙烯酸乳胶。研究了引发剂、交联剂、单体浓度、水相ｐＨ、聚合温度和油－水相重量比对聚丙烯酸乳胶增稠性影响。试验结果表明，通过控制水相ｐＨ和引入非离了型亲水单体（如丙烯酰胺）可制得耐电解质性能好的聚丙烯酸增稠剂。     

高分子量水溶性疏水缔合聚合物的合成条件研究

对合成AM/AHAC二元共聚物的引发体系进行了筛选,研究发现,用K2S2O8-DMAAM引发体系合成的聚合物相对分子量高于其它引发体系,并在此基础上进一步考察了DMAAM浓度、单体浓度、反应温度及反应时间对聚合物分子量的影响。结果表明,单体浓度为20%、K2S2O8浓度为80 mg/L,DMAAM浓度为60 mg/L,反应温度为30℃,反应时间为6 h条件下,合成的聚合物分子量较高。     

Emulsion polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene: effects of reaction conditions on the polymerization rate and polymer molecular weight

The emulsion polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) was carried out in a semibatch reactor using a chemical initiator (ammonium persulfate) and a fluorinated surfactant (FC-143). The effects of the reaction condition were investigated though the polymerization rate, molecular weight of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and stability of the dispersion. The emulsion polymerization of TFE was different from conventional emulsion polymerization. The polymerization rate was suppressed when the polymer particles were significantly coagulated. The polymerization rate increased with operating temperature, surfactant concentration, and agitation speed, due to the enhanced stability of the polymer particles. However, once the parameter value was reached, the rate decreased due to the coagulation of the particles. Stable PTFE dispersion particles were obtained when the surfactant concentration was in the range between 3.48 × 10⁻³ and 32.48 × 10⁻³ mol/liter, which is below critical micelle concentration (CMC). The molecular weight of the PTFE obtained was a function of the surfactant and initiator concentrations, and the polymerization temperature. The molecular weight increased as each parameter decreased. This is against the phenomena observed in a conventional emulsion polymerization. A stable PTFE dispersion polymer having a high molecular weight was obtained by optimizing the reaction conditions. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 777–793, 1999     

Calculation method of molecular weight averages in polymerization with chain-length-dependent termination

A systematic method for calculating the molecular weight distribution moments in free radical polymerization where termination rate depends on the size of the participating radicals, is presented. The central part of the method is the evaluation of the distribution of termination rates in the balance equations. From an adopted functional form of the termination rate constant, the moment equations are derived. For evaluating the moments of the termination rate distribution an approximate reconstruction of the radical chain length distribution using Laguerre polynomials is proposed. The calculation method can handle termination by disproportionation and combination simultaneously and allows easily to take into account diffusioncontrolled initiation, propagation and chain transfer reactions. The usefulness of the method is illustrated by simulating the bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate and styrene. The calculated results of conversion, molecular weight averages (M _n,M _w,M _z and M _z+1) and polydispersity are in good agreement with the reported experimental data.     

Control of molecular weight distribution and tensile strength in a free radical styrene polymerization process

A new method is presented for modeling and controlling polymer molecular weight distribution (MWD) and tensile strength in a batch suspension polymerization of styrene. The molecular weight distribution is modeled by computing the weight fraction of the polymer in different chain length intervals. Tensile strength is then related to the modeled molecular weight distribution using a correlation available in the literature and based on the concept of a threshold molecular weight. This method enables the design of operating conditions for a batch suspension polymerization reactor, which will theoretically yield amorphous polystyrene with a desired tensile strength. Two numerical examples are presented to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 70: 1017–1026, 1998     

聚丙烯熔体流动指数与分子量及其分布的关系

研究了聚丙烯(PP)的熔体流动指数(MI)与聚合物不同分子量之间的关联性,对于分子量分布较窄的PP,数均分子量(Mn)、重均分子量(Mw)和粘均分子量(Mv)均能较好的关联;反之,MI与Mn关联性下降,而MI与Mn和Mv的关联性仍很好,尤其是MI与Mv的关联性受分子量分布的影响很小;MI与Z均分子量的关联性很差。同时．确定了MI与各种分子量之间的关联式,该式用于本体PP工艺反应器内氢气浓度的计算和MI的预测,与实验测量结果吻合良好。     

乳液聚合法合成高相对分子质量聚醋酸乙烯酯的研究

采用过硫酸铵/亚硫酸氢钠氧化还原体系低温引发醋酸乙烯酯乳液聚合,合成出分子量为1.07×106、分子量分布为2.75的聚醋酸乙烯酯。讨论了聚合温度、单体用量、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)用量、过硫酸铵用量、亚硫酸氢钠用量等因素对聚醋酸乙烯酯黏均分子量的影响,并用GPC法对其进行表征。     

悬浮聚合法制取不同分子量级别的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯

采用粉状MgCO3 作为分散剂 ,悬浮聚合制取了分子量从 2 4× 10 4 ～ 2 5 4× 10 4 的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。考察了温度、引发剂种类和浓度、分子量调节剂、转化率对聚合物分子量的影响规律 ,用粘度法测量了聚合物聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (PMMA)的分子量。结果表明 :温度的升高、引发剂浓度的增大、分子量调节剂的加入都会导致分子量的减小 ,随着转化率的提高 ,聚合物的分子量增大。在同等条件下 ,引发剂过氧化苯甲酰 (BPO)聚合所得的分子量较偶氮二异丁腈 (AIBN)高。通过实验 ,得到了满足作者需求的分子量 (96× 10 4 ～ 10 0× 10 4 )的聚合物的聚合条件为 :分散剂MgCO3 用量 1% ,单体∶水相 =1∶2 5 (质量比 ) ,引发剂BPO浓度 0 5 % ,反应温度 70℃ ,反应时间 3h。     

GPC法测定苯丙树脂相对分子质量及其分布

建立了GPC凝胶渗透色谱法测定苯丙树脂相对分子质量及其分布的方法:采用Styragel Wat 044207(500~30 000)(THF),Wat 044210(5 000~600 000)(THF)及Wat044213(5 000~4 000 000)(THF)3根凝胶色谱柱串接,柱温35℃;四氢呋喃为流动相,流速1 mL/min;采用示差折光检测器,待测样品浓度0.03 g/mL,精密度和重现性实验结果表明:该方法数据可靠、重复性好、简单易行。     

Modeling of molecular weight distribution of gas‐phase polymerization of butadiene

A mathematical model of the molecular weight distribution (MWD) based on a multilayer model and an improved intrinsic kinetics model was proposed to simulate the MWD of the gas‐phase polymerization of butadiene with a heterogeneous catalyst. Intrinsic kinetics and heat and mass‐transfer resistances based on the multilayer model of a polymeric particle were considered in the modeling of the MWD. The effects of the reaction conditions, catalyst particle size, mass‐transfer resistance, deactivation of active sites, and transfer of the polymer chain on the molecular weight and MWD were simulated. The results show that the effects of the deactivation of active sites and transfer of the polymer chain on the average molecular weight are significant and that the effect of the catalyst particle size on the MWD is not significant. The simulation results of the molecular weight and MWD are compared with the experimental results. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 88–103, 2003