甲基氯硅烷单体合成中“三废”综合利用研究进展

介绍了直接法合成甲基氯硅烷单体过程中产生的有机硅渣浆及高沸物等"三废"的组成及危害,并分别简述了有机硅渣浆及高沸物的应用及产品制备方法和技术特点,进而对"三废"的利用前景进行了展望。     

国内外有机硅高沸物的综合利用

有机硅高沸物是甲基氯硅烷单体合成过程中产生的副产物,本文简述了国内外有机硅高沸物的综合利用方法。国外有机硅高沸物都裂解成单硅烷,国内高沸物大多数用来制备硅油、有机硅防水剂、有机硅消泡剂和硅树脂等,近年也开发了用高沸物制备陶瓷和高沸物裂解制备单硅烷的技术。     

有机硅高沸物的综合利用

有机硅高沸物是合成甲基氯硅烷单体的副产物,作者简述了利用有机硅高沸物制备单硅烷、硅油、有机硅防水剂、消泡剂、陶瓷和有机硅树脂等产品的生产方法及技术特点,并对高沸物催化裂解产业化的发展方向提出了建议。     

有机硅高沸物综合利用概况

有机硅高沸物是甲基氯硅烷单体合成过程中产生的副产物,本文全面介绍了有机硅高沸物国内外的利用情况,并对高沸物利用方向进行了探讨,就高沸物裂解产业化的发展方向进行研究,同时就高压裂解和常压裂解二种工艺进行了可行性分析。     

有机硅高沸物裂解技术进展

在直接法合成甲基氯硅烷单体过程中会产生大量的副产—高沸物,对有机硅高沸物进行裂解可以制备成甲基氯硅烷.笔者综述了国内外有机硅高沸物的裂解技术,探讨了有机硅高沸物裂解的反应机理及工业化技术进展.     

BS—801有机硅高沸防水剂的试制和应用

一、前言在有机硅单体的工业生产中,存在着79℃以上沸程的液体付产物(简称高沸物)。目前国内各有机硅生产厂的高沸物,至今尚未得到充分利用,有的现已成为生产上的负担。因此,为了有机硅生产的发展,迫切需要解决高沸物的问题。据化验分析和文献报导,有机硅高沸物是由20多种化合物所组织的棕     

有机硅高沸物利用的研究进展

有机硅高沸物是甲基氯硅烷生产过程中产生的副产物,本文综述了近年来开发利用有机硅高沸物的研究进展,主要是用来制备硅油、有机硅防水剂、有机硅树脂、脱膜剂、陶瓷以及催化裂解制备单硅烷,并对高沸物未来产业化利用的发展方向提出建议。     

有机硅副产高沸物的裂解技术及工业化经济分析

概述了国内外有机硅副产高沸物综合利用的发展概况，着重阐述了催化裂解技术开发情况。结合4kt／a的工业化装置运行情况讨论了高沸物裂解的工业化经济意义。     

有机硅副产物的综合处理

结合有机硅产业发展,介绍了直接法合成甲基氯硅烷过程中的副产物甲基三氯硅烷、高沸物、低沸物、共沸物、废触体、浆渣的处理方法。     

氯硅烷高沸物裂解技术研究进展

在多晶硅和有机硅生产中会副产大量高沸点聚合物,对于氯硅烷高沸物,由于其成分复杂且部分高沸物组分沸点相近,难以通过普通的精馏分离实现综合利用,一般通过裂解反应或制备白炭黑等方式进行回收和利用。本文介绍了国内外氯硅烷高沸物裂解技术的最新进展。     

有机硅高沸物催化裂解制单硅烷催化剂研究进展

介绍了近年来通过高温裂解法、催化裂解法将有机硅高沸物转化成单硅烷的研究进展,重点评述了催化裂解高沸物的氯化铝及其复合含盐催化剂、有机胺及其盐催化剂、过渡金属及其化合物催化剂、分子筛和活性炭催化剂。     

新型硅酮密封胶增塑剂的合成及性能

以有机硅高沸物、正辛醇为原料,合成了一种硅酮密封胶增塑剂烷氧基硅烷。以产物中有机氯的质量分数为指标,考察了反应温度、反应时间、物料摩尔比对合成反应的影响,确定了较佳的合成工艺:n(氯硅烷)∶n(正辛醇)=1∶6,反应温度110℃,反应时间21 h,在该条件下产品中有机氯的质量分数可低至3.02%。在硅酮密封胶中添加质量分数为10%的增塑剂后,密封胶的性能有明显改善,可以有效解决建筑用硅酮密封胶的渗油污染问题。     

Searching for Effective Coal-Flotation Agents by Quantum-Chemical Modeling

The potential of oil-processing byproducts and various aliphatic and cyclic oxygen-bearing compounds as coal-flotation agents is investigated. In the search for highly effective coal-flotation agents of specific structure and elemental composition, one useful criterion is the energy of the hydrogen bond in the intermolecular complex formed by the coal-flotation agent and the coal’s organic mass. The hydrogen-bond energy in such complexes is found to be higher than that in the intermolecular complex formed by the water and the coal’s organic mass. Accordingly, the reagents considered are effectively adsorbed on the coal surface and are highly active in flotation. The use of oil-processing byproducts that contain cyclic organosilicon compounds in their group chemical composition considerably improves flotation; the reagent consumption is lower than in flotation based on coal-enrichment byproducts. We recommend oil-processing byproducts that contain cyclic organosilicon compounds in their group chemical composition for industrial tests in flotation at Russian coal-enrichment plants.     

二甲基氯硅烷生产高沸物的综合利用研究进展

介绍了国内外应用直接法生产甲基氯硅烷过程中产生的高沸物的综合利用研究进展,总结对比了各种方法的优势和不足,展望了高沸物综合利用前景并指出其发展方向.     

Analysis of Intermolecular Complexes of Coal’s Organic Mass in the Search for Composite Flotation Reagents

Cyclic oxygen-bearing compounds and products of petroleum processing are considered as potential composite reagents. In searching for highly effective composite reagents differing in structure and elementary composition, one possible criterion is the energy of the hydrogen bond in intermolecular complexes between the reagent and the coal’s organic mass. The hydrogen-bond energy in intermolecular complexes between the reagent (cyclic siloxanes) and the coal’s organic mass is much higher than that in intermolecular complexes between water and the coal’s organic mass. That is responsible for the reagents’ high flotational activity. The use of distillation residues from the production of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane improves the extraction of combustible mass in the concentrate in comparison with that currently attained at coal-enrichment facilities. In addition, the reagent consumption is decreased. Products of petroleum processing whose group chemical composition includes cyclic organosilicon compounds are recommended for industrial tests at Russian coal-enrichment facilities.     

Dry-spinning fibres from solutions of polymers in high-boiling solvents

Conclusion Dry spinning from polymer solutions in high-boiling solvents is used extensively for the production of polyacylonitrile, polyurethan, and thermostable fibres of various classes. The method possesses important economic advantages over wet spinning, i.e., the concentration of the spinning solution and the spinning speeds are higher, and solvent recovery is easier and more complete.The dry method is preferred for polyurethan fibre, polyacrylonitrile filament, and fibres based on poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide, polybenzimidazoles, polyamidoimides, and polyimides because it gives better physicomechanical fibre properties.The spinning speed for these fibres does normally exceed 300 m/min although speeds of 800–1000 m/min have been reported as practicable.The quality of the finished fibres is influenced to a significant extent by the configuration of the spinning equipment (i.e., the cabinet design and the method of distributing the gas-air flow) and by the substances added to the spinning solution (esters of phosphoric acid, organosilicon compounds, etc.).All-Union Scientific-Research Institute for Man-Made Fibres. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp.11–17, January–February, 1976.