一种1×2×4分布式空时编码异步协作方案

协作分集技术可以有效提高移动通信系统的容量和可靠性.针对时间异步的协作通信系统,提出一种基于分布式Alamouti STBC的1×2 ×4异步协作方案.对这种方案进行理论分析和算法推导,并且重新定义了中继节点归一化后的发射信号幅度.仿真结果表明,该方案的误比特率性能具有明显优势,能在时间异步的协作通信系统中很好地发挥多天线接收性能.     

一种基于分布式空时码的协作MIMO分集复用折衷新方案

协作MIMO通过多个单天线节点的相互协作构造多发射天线,以此形成一种虚拟MIMO多天线阵列获得空间分集增益。考虑到协作MIMO特点,天线间采用分布式空时编码进行编码协作。文章研究了协作MIMO中基于分布式空时码(DSTC)的分集复用折衷(DMT)新方案,该方案通过推导两种DSTC的中断概率与分集增益表达式,结合两类DSTC的DMT策略,根据改变复用增益阈值自适应获得最佳DMT与中断性能。数值仿真表明,所提的DMT策略可以逼近协作MIMO的DMT上限,协作节点采用该策略的中断性能仅次于上限的中断性能。在多节点构成协作MIMO网络分布式空时编码协作中,提出的DMT新方案可使系统高效地获得协作分集增益与中断性能。     

分布式环境中协作分集的移动中继动态选择和切换策略研究

在协作无线通信系统中,中继节点的移动会大大降低系统的性能,目前该方面的结果很少。本文探讨分布式环境中协作分集的移动中继选择算法,在放大转发（AF）协作通信模式下,给出了基于信道统计状态信息的功率分配和中继的动态选择策略。针对单中继情况提出了中继切换方案,针对多中继情况提出了动态剔除、补充中继的方案,并导出了分集增益及系统容量的计算公式。通过模拟仿真分析,该方案能有效的降低中断概率,提高系统分集增益,扩大系统容量,实现良好的整体性能。      

散射通信的协作分集技术研究

对协作分集进行简单介绍,提出了将协作分集应用到散射通信中的方案,分析了协作分集在散射通信中的应用可行性。并对其中的放大转发和译码转发在只有一个中继节点的情况下进行仿真,仿真结果证明在大信噪比时译码转发的性能优于放大转发。且协作分集应用到散射通信中在相同的信噪比下,误码率更低,提高了系统性能。利用协作分集技术对散射通信进行组网,较直接组网设备复杂度低,易于实现。     

结合信道编码的两用户协作分集方案及其性能研究

基于一种分布式空时码的非正交协作分集（DSTC-NOCD）系统,并且结合信道编码,在译码转发（DF）中继信道模型下对两用户协作分集的方案性能进行了研究。通过将turbo码和空时码引入到协作分集中,在准静态的瑞利衰落信道下对此方案的误比特率进行了系统仿真。仿真结果表明：即使协作用户间的信道存在噪声,该文所采用的方案仍优于未加信道编码的分布式空时码的非正交协作分集系统,使得误比特率进一步降低。     

基于跨层机制的最佳协作中继选择及其系统实现

为了获得最佳的协作中继用户,通过推导协作中继传输系统的误符号率,提出了基于放大重传和解码重传下最佳协作中继的选择准则,并结合跨层协作的思想给出了基于MAC层来实现最佳协作中继选择的分布式协议.与此同时,提出了协作分集系统的物理层传输方案,分析了瑞利衰落信道环境下所提方案的系统性能,得到了系统误比特率的闭式解.此外,针对协作中继选择准则和协作分集传输方案的误码性能进行了系统仿真和性能比较,结果表明,所提出的协作中继选择准则明显优于传统中继选择准则,且协作传输方案可以获得明显的分集增益,系统平均误比特率显著下降.     

基于OFDM调制系统的协作分集

将协作分集技术与正交频分复用(OFDM)技术相结合,研究了采用16QAM调制方式,基于OFDM系统的两种CRC和卷积码编码的协作通信.同时利用仿真分析了采用16QAM调制协作通信的两种解码转发与放大转发方案.也对比分析了CRC编码协作与卷积码编码协作的仿真性能,然后综合比较了DF、AF、CRC编码、卷积码编码协作通信的性能.仿真结果显示,基于CNV-OFDM的编码协作通信获得了显著的分集增益,系统性能得到了更大的提高.可见,CNV-OFDM的编码协作大大提高了无线通信系统的性能,降低了误码率.     

异步协同系统频选信道下基于线性预处理的DSTC结构设计

在协同中继系统中,应用分布式空时码(Distributed Space Time Coding, DSTC),可以在有效提高系统效率的同时获得全协同分集。但是,各中继节点的异步传输和节点间的多径衰落会破坏空时码字的结构,使之不能获得全分集。本文针对两中继的异步协同系统,提出了一种频率选择性信道下的基于线性预处理的DSTC传输结构。在此传输结构中,源节点对发送数据块进行预处理后发送给中继节点,中继节点对接收信号进行简单的共轭重排等处理,使得在目的节点形成DSTC的结构。其中,为抵抗异步传输和多径衰落引入的符号间干扰(Inter-symbol Interference, ISI),在源节点处和中继节点处均加入循环前缀(Cyclic Prefix, CP)。于是目的节点对接收到的信号进行DFT处理后,可以运用ML算法对数据信息进行检测。理论分析和仿真表明,当存在定时误差和节点间为频率选择性信道时,目的节点运用ML检测算法该传输结构可获得全空间分集和全多径分集。然后,本文考虑了信道各径延迟为整数倍符号周期的情况,并且证明了该传输结构的分集增益只与节点间信道的有效信道长度有关。      

协作通信系统的功率分配策略研究

在无线通信中,为了对抗信道衰落,人们提出了分集技术。协作分集通过共享资源达到改善通信质量、提高通信性能的目的。研究了放大转发协作通信系统中的功率分配策略。对于协作通信系统的功率分配研究了3种方法:迭代法,直接计算法,理想的穷搜索法。研究表明,迭代法是最佳方案,因为这种方法的迭代次数可以人为控制,而且性能与理想的穷搜索法相差不大。     

基于机会OFDMA中继的协同分集系统性能分析

机会中继能够在多中继节点的情况下灵活方便地实现协同分集,与采用分布式空时编码(DSTC)实现协同分集相比大大简化了物理层的复杂度,并且能够获得相同的分集增益。鉴于OFDM技术可以有效地抗频率选择性衰落,在机会中继的基础上结合OFDM技术,研究多用户协同分集系统性能。提出了机会OFDMA中继的方法,理论上推导了此方法能够带来完全分集增益,并仿真验证了结论。     

On the performance of distributed space-time coding systems with one and two non-regenerative relays

Spatial diversity can be induced by using wireless relay stations, which cooperate by amplifying and retransmitting the information received from a source to a destination station. In this context we propose a distributed space-time coding (DSTC) system based on the Alamouti codes. We characterize the symbol error rate of systems with one and two non-regenerative relays using bounds and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) approximations. The asymptotic (high SNR) symbol error probability formulas are used to optimize the power allocation in the DSTC system. Furthermore, using the asymptotic symbol error probability formulas we argue that the DSTC system has at least 1.5 times the diversity achieved by point-to-point transmissions with the same bandwidth. Simulations show not only that the DSTC outperforms the amplify-and-forward cooperative system with orthogonal transmissions, but also convolutional encoded one-hop transmissions with the same information rate as the DSTC system. Assuming full channel knowledge at the source and the relays, we find an optimum cooperative system by minimizing the bit error rate of the DSTC system with one and two non-regenerative relays subject to fixed transmit energy constraints at each radio. Numerical results show that the DSTC system with two relays performs very close to the optimum cooperative system.     

Distributed space-time coding scheme with differential detection and power allocation for cooperative relay network

By introducing orthogonal space-time coding (STC) scheme in wireless cooperative relay network, two distributed differential STC (DSTC) schemes based on the amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and- forward (DF) methods are, respectively, developed. The scheme performance is investigated in symmetric and asymmetric wireless relay networks. The presented schemes require no channel information at both relay terminals and destination terminal, and have linear decoding complexity when compared with the existing scheme. Moreover, they are suitable for the application of different constellation modulations and DSTC schemes, and thus provide more freedoms of design. Besides, the power allocations between source and relay terminals are jointly optimized to minimize the system pairwise error probability for symmetric and asymmetric networks, and two practical methods are presented to solve the complicated optimized problem from asymmetric network. Simulation results show that the scheme with DF method has better performance than that with AF method due to no amplification of noise power, but the performance superiority will decrease at high SNR due to the error propagation of decoding at the relays. Furthermore, the distributed DSTC schemes with optimal power allocation have better performance than those with conventional fixed power allocation.     

LTE系统中的分布式空时中继技术

中继技术作为LTE-Advanced系统的关键候选技术可为小区带来更大的覆盖范围和系统容量。分布式空时中继技术不仅可以充分利用中继技术带来的空间分集,又可以引入部分编码增益,是中继技术中最直接的应用技术。比较目前提出的分布式空时中继方案,得出基于解调-转发方式的空时中继编码方案最适合LTE—Advanced系统的方案。同时,针对解调-转发方式中存在的错误传递问题,提出基于门限的选择性空时中继方案,该方案以很小的系统复杂度换取了优异的性能增益。     

Distributed Space-Time Coding in LTE Systems

Relay is considered as one of the candidate key technologies of LTE-advanced for it brings broader cell coverage and higher system capacity.Distributed Space-Time Coding (DSTC) not only exploits the spatial diversity from the relay structure,but also brings some coding gains.According to the performances of existing DSTC schemes,the Demodulate-and-Forward (DMF) scheme is the best candidate for DSTC in LTE-Advanced system.Moreover,a threshold-based selective relaying scheme for DSTC is proposed to solve the ...     

基于网络编码的用户协作分集系统性能分析

针对非协作通信和传统协作通信系统不能达到高天线分集增益的问题,提出基于网络编码的用户协作系统模型.研究了基于网络编码不同协作用户的天线分集增益,并分析非协作机制、传统用户协作机制和基于网络编码用户协作机制的中断概率.理论分析和系统仿真表明,基于网络编码的用户协作系统能显著降低系统中断概率,获得更大的分集增益,且协作用户数越多,系统分集度越好.     

Analysis and determination of cooperative MAC strategies from throughput perspectives

In recent years, cooperative communication has been developed as a new communication strategy that incorporates a relay node to assist direct point-to-point transmission. By exploiting cooperative diversity, different types of techniques have been proposed to improve transmission reliability from the physical layer perspective. However, owing to the longer transmission time resulting from the cooperative schemes, there is no guarantee to enhance network throughput in view of the medium access control (MAC) performance. In this paper, system throughput of combined direct/cooperative communication is evaluated by exploiting the proposed analytical model based on the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. The feasibility of adopting either cooperative or direct communication is also studied in the analytical model. In terms of network throughput, whether to adopt cooperative schemes depends on the tradeoff between cooperative transmission delay and channel quality of direct communication. Moreover, two cooperative MAC protocols are proposed to determine the circumstances to activate cooperative communication according to the channel quality. The full-channel quality indicator based cooperative (FCC) MAC protocol is introduced to choose both the transmission scheme and the relay node according to the full channel quality information. However, the overhead caused by the FCC scheme can degrade the throughput performance as the number of available relays is significantly increased. Therefore, the bitwise competition based cooperative (BCC) MAC protocol is utilized to efficiently determine a feasible relay node for data transmission. Simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of proposed analytical models and cooperative MAC protocols. It is observed that the proposed BCC scheme can outperform both the FCC protocol and conventional direct transmission with enhanced system throughput.     

级联信道编码的多幅值差分空时分组码方案及性能

通过引入多电平振幅调制和变换矩阵方法,提出了一种基于多幅值调制的差分正交空时分组码方案。该方案可克服通常基于PSK调制的单幅值差分空时码(DSTC,differential space-time coding)在高频带利用率下由于星座符号间的最小距离减小所带来的性能下降,而且可用于编码矩阵是非方阵情况,避免了已有方案仅适合于方阵码矩阵。与已有单幅值DSTC相比,所提方案有着高的频谱效率和编码增益,且可实现线性译码复杂度和高的码率。此外,还给出了所提方案级联信道编码时的性能。仿真结果表明所提方案与已有单幅值DSTC方案相比,有着较低的误比特率,而且信道编码后的所提多幅值DSTC也好于相应的单幅值DSTC。     

信源间全双工协作通信的空时编码算法研究

研究了具有三个全双工源节点的协作通信系统,为提升系统有效性和可靠性,提出了两种信源间全双工协作通信的空时编码方案.将正交空时码理论应用其中,可以有效利用空间分集增益,抵抗多径衰落,提高系统性能.方案分为共享兼传输阶段与协作传输阶段.在共享兼传输阶段进行信源间的信息共享同时也会向目的节点发送信息,在协作传输阶段,源节点间...