NiTi形状记忆合金表面改性的研究进展

作为一种医用金属材料，NiTi形状记忆合金在医学领域得到了广泛的应用。但由于Ni离子的溶出影响了其耐蚀性和生物相容性，故要对合金表面进行改性处理。本文介绍了目前常用的表面改性技术，并对NiTi形状记忆合金的表面改性状况作了简要地叙述。     

钛合金表面激光气体氮化及其HA复合涂层的制备

针对医用钛合金在临床应用中易出现耐磨性差、有毒合金元素溶解引起生理病变等问题,采用化学反应法在医用Ti6Al4V合金基材及其激光氮化改性层表面制备羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDAX)对改性层的组织形貌及成分进行分析.结果表明,钛合金表面经过酸碱及生物活性预钙化处理,其沉积类骨磷灰石能力明显增强,经过激光氮化改性的钛合金沉积速率及沉积效果均优于Ti6Al4V基体合金.试验证明,激光氮化改性可改善钛合金的生物相容性.     

钙化液对NiTi形状记忆合金表面HAP涂层形貌的影响

为改善NiTi形状记忆合金的使用安全性,利用外加电场处理技术在其表面涂覆羟基磷灰石涂层。试验研究钙化液的浓度、浸泡时间对涂层形貌的影响及涂层生成过程中溶液pH值的变化情况。结果表明：获得最佳形貌涂层的钙化液浓度为Ca^2＋3．10mmol／L、K＋ 4．64mmol／L、Na＋126．8mmol／L、Cl-144．5mmol／L、HPO4^-1 1．86mmol／L,作用时间为7d;涂层生产过程中,溶液的pH值显著降低后缓慢变化至某一稳定值。     

NiTi形状记忆合金薄膜中的相变

NiNi形状记忆合金薄膜是从块体状形状记忆合金中发展起来的一种新型功能薄膜材料 ,它具有不完全类同于块体状形状记忆合金的相变行为与记忆效应 本文综述了薄膜制备条件、化学成份、热处理工艺及循环条件对这种薄膜的组织结构 ,尤其是主体相变行为和脱溶分解行为的影响 .表明上述因素的影响相当复杂 ,适当调整各种条件方可获得好的形状记忆效应     

钽对NiTi形状记忆合金影响的研究

本文研究了钽对ＮｉＴｉ形状记忆合金的马氏体相变特征及Ｘ射线可视性的影响．结果表明,当钽含量从０增加到４ａｔ％时,其相变温度迅速增加,钽含量超过４ａｔ％时,则趋于缓慢;含钽合金可降低ＮｉＴｉ合金相变温度对ＮｉＴｉ相对含量变化的敏感性;钽的加入可改善ＮｉＴｉ双相合金的Ｘ射线可视性．     

电场作用下HAP/NiTi形状记忆合金复合材料制备工艺研究

为改善NiTi形状记忆合金的耐蚀性和生物相容性,利用外加交变电场的作用在合金表面沉积羟基磷灰石(HAP)涂层,从而制得HAP/NiTi形状记忆合金复合材料.实验探讨了交变电场的电压、频率和作用时间对NiTi形状记忆合金表面沉积羟基磷灰石涂层的影响.结果表明:随着电场电压、电流频率和作用时间的增加,NiTi合金表面钙磷涂层的厚度逐渐增加,组织变得均匀致密,但若频率过大,时间过长则涂层反而被破坏,故确定最佳电场作用参数为300V+20Hz+5h.涂层呈疏松多孔的羽针状结构,经XRD检测其组织主要为羟基磷灰石,且在模拟体液中具有较好的生物稳定性.     

球墨铸铁曲轴气体软氮化

论述了球墨铸铁曲轴气体软氮化强化处理工艺及质量保证。     

钢铁的激光表面硬化

对45钢、W18Cr4V及铸铁作了激光表面热处理。研完了表面状态、光斑尺寸、功率及扫描速度对硬化层特征及耐磨性的影响。     

Effect of Nitrogen Ion Implantation on the Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Equiatomic NiTi Shape Memory Alloy

To protect the surface of NiTi from corrosion, an ion implantation method was proposed. In the present work, a surface oxidized sample was implanted with nitrogen at energy of 100 keV. The corrosion resistarwe property was examined by the anodic polarization method in a simulated body fluid （SBF） at a temperature of 37 ℃ and contrasted to non-implanted NiTi samples. The composition and structure of the implanted layers were investigated by XPS. The experimental results from the electrochemical measurements provide an evidence that the nitrogen ion-implantation increases the corrosion resistance of NiTi shape memory alloy.     

Surface properties of nitrogen-ion-implanted TiNi shape memory alloy

X-ray diffraction （XRD）, auger electron spectroscopy （AES）, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） were used to characterize the surface properties of the N^ ＋-ion-implanted TiNi alloy. There is a high nitrogen content region at the outermost surface of the N^＋-ion-implanted TiNi alloy. The detected nitrogen exists mainly in the form of TiN. Small amounts of Ti305 and TiO2 also exist on the surface of the N^＋-ion-implanted TiNi sample. The modified layer of the N^＋-ion-implanted sample can work as an obstacle layer of the nickel＇s dissolution, which obstructs Ni dissolving from the TiNi surface effectively.     

Microstructure and superelasticity of porous NiTi alloy

The microstructure, porosity, phase composition and superelasticity (SE) in porous NiTi alloys produced by elemental powder sintering are examined by SEM, image analysis and XRD. It is found that it is feasible to produce porous NiTi alloy by elemental powder sintering, and the porosity of sintered porous NiTi alloy is in the range of 36.0 %-41.5 %. The pores are interconnected and the microstructure is sponge-like. Meanwhile, porous NiTi alloy has good SE. XRD patterns show that there is no pure Ni in alloy sintered at 1223 K-9 h. Compared with the biomedical criteria for choice of implanting materials, porous NiTi alloy is satisfying to a great degree.     

NiTi形状记忆合金拉伸变形失稳研究

介绍镍钛形状记忆合金发生应力诱发马氏体相变时的宏观失稳现象,研究微观晶粒内相变(材料失稳)因自催化效应逾渗到宏观水平所表现的类L櫣ders变形带演化(变形失稳),同步测量应力-应变响应、表面形貌和表面温度,跟踪了不同热-机械复合加载条件下构件力学行为的变化.从能量学角度对观察到的变形失稳现象进行理论分析.实验结果表明,宏观变形带的相貌演化与力学响应密切相关,探讨了建立该类材料的本构关系.     

Fe—Mn—Si基形状记忆合金及其应用

介绍了形状记忆合金的简要发展史,Fe-Mn-Si合金的形状记忆机理以及合金的主要元素组成,各成分的作用,提高记忆的方法,分析了其应用情况和前景。     

Effect of chemical component on shape memory effect of Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-C-RE shape memory alloy

Effect of chemical component on shape memory effect (SME) of Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-C-RE shape memory alloys was studied by bent measurement, thermal cycle training, SEM etc. Results of study indicate that the alloys with high Mn content (25%) appeare better SME, especially in lower strain. SME improves evidently when Si is higher content, especially it‘s range firm 3% up to 4%.But brittleness of Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-C-RE alloy increases by increasing the Si content. SME of the alloy is weakening gradually as carbon content increases under small strain (3%). But in the condition of large strain (above 6%), SME of the alloy whose carbon content ranges from 0.1% to 0.12% shows small decreasing range, especially of alloy with the addition of compound RE.