铬鞣废皮屑的脱铬方法

铬鞣废皮屑在制革工业中是一种污染物,若经过脱铬处理则可用于提取明胶。本文从理论上和实践上详细地研究和讨论了从铬鞣废皮屑中脱除铬的方法,包括酸法、碱法、酸碱交替法和氧化脱铬法。从而看到铬鞣废皮屑不再是废毒物而是宝物。     

利用工业废酸及粉煤灰处理制浆废水

硫酸盐法制浆废水的处理,国内外已有“三级”处理的成功经验。但是这种方法投资多、占地面积大、运行费用亦高。有不少工厂利用无机絮凝剂和高分子絮凝剂处理制浆废水,虽然方法简便,但是化学药品所需费用偏高。在这类化学混凝法的启发下,我们为了寻找廉价的处理废水的材料,进行了以废治废的试验     

钛白粉生产废弃物合成聚合硫酸铁用于处理APMP制浆废水

以硫酸法生产钛白粉的废弃物硫酸亚铁及废硫酸生产聚合硫酸铁,用于APMP制浆废水的深度处理,化学需氧量的去除率大于90%,色度去除率大于95%。用这种方法处理废水的费用低廉,具有以废治废的特点。     

麦草清洁备料一氧碱蒸煮技术通过鉴定

据报导:加拿大魁北克大学制浆和造纸研究中心科研人员采用蒸汽爆破法对废新闻纸脱墨,并与传统的脱墨方法作了对比。添加亚硫酸钠或不加化学药品的蒸汽爆破处理废胶印新闻纸,然后在动态造纸化学     

啤酒酵母工业化破壁方法的研究

本文以啤酒废酵母为原料,选用高压匀浆法、异丙醇法、自溶法、高压匀浆法+自溶法4种方法破碎酵母细胞壁,考察影响因素包括处理量、处理时间、破壁率。     

流化床法废盐酸再生技术在钢丝绳行业的应用

生产长材和板材的钢铁企业在生产过程中酸洗工序产生大量的工业废水,废水中含有金属离子和残留酸等有害物质,严重污染生产环境。介绍流化床法废盐酸再生技术应用在处理制绳钢丝废盐酸液上的技术特点、工艺流程及经济效益。引进的流化床法废盐酸再生成套机组和技术,每年可处理废盐酸约12 960 m3,回收率超过99.5%,再生盐酸浓度(体积分数)约18%,每年可创造经济效益173.4万元。节约了企业生产成本,符合循环经济的理念。     

甘蔗糖蜜酒精废液综合治理技术

本文综述了目前国内外甘蔗糖蜜酒精废液主要的综合治理技术,将其分成几大类型:废液浓缩法、生化处理法、资源化利用方案、以废治废技术和其它新治理技术,并对每类技术的特点、效果等进行评价.     

水果罐头二次加工中废糖液的处理工艺研究

研究了聚丙烯酰胺澄清法、活性碳吸附法和吸附树脂吸附法三种处理方法对废糖液的澄清脱色效果,结果表明,活性碳的处理效果最好,吸附树脂次之,聚丙烯酰胺效果最差。探讨了活性碳澄清脱色的工艺条件为活性碳用量6%,处理温度50℃,处理时间2h。并从实验得知,0.3‰的偏重亚硫酸钠可以抑制处理后的糖液加热返黄。     

印染废水的治理现状及展望

从物化法和生物法角度概述了印染废水处理方法的研究现状和最新进展,介绍了各种方法处理印染废水的实例,并指出了各方法的优缺点和技术关键最后,对印染废水处理技术的发展方向进行了展望,努力进行印染行业的产业结构调整,加强印染设备改造及印染新工艺、新技术的开发应用,积极推行清洁生产,开展资源综合利用,采用低废、无废工艺、高效的设备和完善的管理,从源头上削减废水与污染物的产生,使得印染废水污染这一问题得到彻底解决.     

油脂精炼废白土的利用

油脂精炼过程中,通常使用油重2%～5%的活性白土进行吸附脱色,脱色后的废白土若处理不及时,会造成环境污染.为了加强对脱色废白土的再利用,可采用压榨法、溶剂法和水剂法对其中的油脂提取回收,或者直接用作制备去污粉、洗涤膏的原料、用作饲料添加剂和直接用作生物培养基生产核黄素,也可对其进行酸化活化处理后用作农药、重金属脱除吸附剂,还可进行复配制成有机肥料用于农业生产中.利用以上途径,可变废为宝,使脱色废白土得到充分的利用,减少对环境的污染,增加油脂企业的经济效益.     

我国制革工业代表性企业废水治理现状分析——全国第一次污染源产排污系数核算调查企业分析

本文从废水治理模式和治理技术角度出发,通过对制革工业代表性企业的实测调查和分析,结果表明我国制革工业废水中CODCr基本能达标,但氨氮几乎均不能达标。同时对制革废水处理中存在的一些问题提出了对策。     

丝绸工业废水中丝胶蛋白的回收利用

丝绸工业废水中含有大量溶解性丝胶蛋白,直接排放会造成严重的环境污染和资源的极大浪费.为此,根据丝绸废水的处理现状,对传统丝胶蛋白回收方法进行了分析,综述了几种新的回收丝胶蛋白的方法及丝胶蛋白的利用现状.     

Beseitigung von Weizenstärkeindustrie-Abwässern – Ein Wirtschaftlichkeitsvergleich

Removal of Waste Water from Wheat Starch Industry – An Economic Comparison. The portion of wheat starch production in the total production of starch out of corn, potatoes and wheat was only of minor importance in the past. Based on new process engineering for the production of wheat starch as well as EC market regulations the production of starch from wheat or wheat flour recently appears more interesting. Due to higher outputs in wheat starch plants there is a demand in methods for waste water engineering alternative to agricultural utilization of waste water. The completely biological waste water treatment in an aeration basin, the evaporation, filtration, protein coagulation. sale for cattle fodder, fermentation, and the anaerob purification are to be indicated. It does not only depend on the process engineering and the efficiency but most essentially on the economic efficiency which of these methods of waste water treatment will prevail in large-scale technique. The anaerobic waste water treatment of highly organic load waste water recently comes to the force more and more. A comparison of the different methods for waste water treatment shows that the charges very much depend on the waste water factor, i. e., the quantity of waste water per ton processed flour and the charges for electricity and fossil sources of energy. The calculation of the charges has to include the charges for an advanced waste water treatment in a sewage treatment as well as the profit for the digester gas or the concentrate.     

我国糖厂酒精废液综合治理的技术进展

本文报道了糖厂酒精废液的综合治理，使其免于排放或经处理达标后排放的几种方法，这些方法为今后糖厂酒精废液的综合利用提供了一些依据。     

基于可持续发展理念的废旧服装的回收与再利用

以环保为理念,基于现代社会对可持续发展的要求,对废旧服装的回收再利用进行了分析.阐述了国内外废旧服装回收和再利用的现状,调查了废旧服装回收和再利用存在的难点问题,提出了一些关于废旧服装回收和再利用的建议,并探讨了关于个人废旧服装再利用的方法.     

废纸制浆过程中阴离子杂质的产生及其分析技术的研究

系统论述了目前关于废纸制浆过程中干扰物质——阴离子杂质(anionic trash)的来源、危害和控制,以及目前国内外在这方面的研究现状,并详细介绍了阴离子杂质的分析技术。     

Corn and rice waste: a comparative and critical presentation of methods and current and potential uses of treated waste

Although corn and rice waste can be hardly classified among the most hazardous waste, their treatment is very important in view of the great volume of waste materials involved. In this review article, an update is provided for most of the waste treatment techniques (composting, pyrolysis, gasification, combustion) used to alter the physical, chemical or biological character of the waste, to reduce its volume and/or toxicity and to make the waste safer for disposal. Furthermore, all current and potential uses of treated corn and rice waste such as fertilisers, biomass and biogas/biofuel are summarised. Four comprehensive tables and six figures provide a thorough presentation of both waste treatment methods (characteristics, advantages and disadvantages) and uses of treated corn and rice waste.     

氧化沟工艺及其在制革废水处理中的应用

介绍了氧化沟工艺的研究进展。概述了制革废水一级物化处理和二级生化处理的各种方法。由于氧化沟工艺具有耐高有机负荷、耐高毒性负荷、耐高盐负荷冲击能力的特点 ,更适于制革废水的处理。以工程实例阐述了氧化沟工艺处理制革废水所取得的良好效果 ,并指出 :氧化沟工艺作为一种新的废水生物处理技术 ,用于制革废水处理 ,前景广阔。     

欧盟纺织产业链上的绿色循环及废旧纺织品处理关键问题

"碳中和"愿景下纺织行业的碳排放与绿色可持续发展间的矛盾日益凸显,纺织行业降污减碳不能只关注末端废旧纺织品处理,应该从产业链上降低对环境的消极影响.欧盟在实现纺织产业低碳循环发展和应对废旧纺织品上采取了一系列实践措施,从欧盟纺织产业现状和挑战、纺织产业链上的绿色低碳措施、废旧纺织品的处理及关键问题3个方面介绍了欧盟纺织...     

Vegetable waste treatment: comparison and critical presentation of methodologies

Vegetable industries have been considered responsible for a great amount of pollution; hence, there has been a strong need for the optimization of vegetable waste treatment systems. The currently employed systems are numerous and fall in the following large categories; thermal processes, evaporation, membrance processes, anaerobic digestion, anaerobic co-digestion, biodiesel spraying, combustion, transesterification, coagulation, and composting. Respective methodologies in conjunction with waste treatment methods were presented per waste treatment method. The comparative presentation of the various vegetable waste treatment methodologies showed that though anaerobic digestion stands for the most enviromentally friendly technique, its required longer treatment time in conjuction with its weakness to deal with elemental contaminants makes imperative the employment of a second alternative technique which could either be a membrance process (low energy cost, reliability, reduced capital cost) or a coagulation/flocculation method because of its low cost and high effectiveness. Biogas production appears to be another promising and energy effective waste treatment method. On the other hand, methods like distillation and ozonation (high cost) and electrolysis (experimental level) have not been employed in the field. Finally, new waste management technologies have been described.