Ventilation Modes in Inflammation of Train in a Subway

A procedure is proposed to calculate air-distribution for secure evacuation of passengers when removing gases produced by a burning train in a subway tunnel. A calculation example is presented for the real ventilation network. The requirements for the aerodynamic parameters of fans in the intermediate ventilation chambers are substantiated. It is shown that it is necessary to control air-distribution in a subway network using passive methods — ventilation dams. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 84–93, July–August, 2005.     

Prediction of the Intensive Surface Subsidences in Mining Potash Series

A procedure is developed for predicting surface subsidences based on the linear viscoelasticity theory. A four-parameter curve is accepted as a creep function to describe the process of movement. Proceeding from in situ data on surface subsidences, unified rheological indices are defined for all potassium strata of the Upper Kama deposit. The prediction method shows effect of filling on movement and makes it possible to model numerically and estimate the change in movement trough in time. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 26–34, July–August, 2005.     

Peculiarities of Distribution of Gas-Dynamic Manifestations in Mines of the Kuznetsk Coal Basin by Days of the Weekly Cycle

The peculiarities of the origin of gas-dynamic events (rock, coal, and gas outbursts, methane ignition) in the Kuznetsk Basin mines in 1988 – 2004 are analyzed. A review is presented for information on recent accident and injury rate caused by disastrous gas-dynamic manifestations. The effect of bimodal frequency distribution of gas-dynamic events generated by explotion and burning of methane is revealed within a generalized weekly cycle. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 3–15, March–April 2005.     

On information-provided monitoring of geodynamic processes in the Kuznetsk Coal Basin in the conditions of highly intensive sub-soil usage

It is shown that formation of hollows in bowels of the Kuznetsk Coal Basin (Kuzbass), induced by opencut and underground mining has reached an intensity of 1.3–1.5 million m³/day. In the conditions of high concentration of mines and open-cuts in small areas, a regional monitoring network is required in view of a generated geomechanical space, hazardous in geodynamic manifestations. A developed information support of this netwoprk is presented, including information models of a geological environment and database obtained from instrumental observations on geomechanical processes. The equations of connection between structural and strength characteristics of rocks, their metamorphization grade and occurrence depth are given for five geological-tectonic zones of the Kuzbass as a way of prediction of their properties. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 40–66, September–October, 2006.     

Formation of working fluid flows in the hydraulic drive of a percussive face machine

A system of differential equations reflecting the dependence of the acceleration, velocity, and motion of the striker on the processes of displacement and accumulation of the working fluid is proposed. This system is analyzed as the basis for the construction of a computer model and design of the hydraulic drive. Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 66–71, January–February, 1999.     

To the phenomenon of self-organizing deformation of a granular material in a rotating cylindrical reservoir

A model is constructed for describing deformation of upper layer of a granular material in a cylindrical reservoir rotating with a slow velocity. The problem on determining sequences of the free surface inclinations toward the horizon, when separate batches of the medium are flowing, is reduced to studying the dynamics of one-dimensional mappings. A possibility for different deformation modes to arise is demonstrated: cyclic modes with various periods, “noisy” cycles and gradual transfer to chaos. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 48–54, November–December, 2006.     

Drilling-and-Blasting Technology for Forming the Benches with Cambered-Broken Profile in a Limiting State in the “Udachny” Open-Pit

A technology is available for drilling-and-blasting when forming the open-pit benches with a cambered-broken profile in a limiting state for better retention of transportation berms. Three variants of the technology are proposed for formation of slopes in the “Udachny” open-pit, and the optimum variant is selected. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 68–76, July–August, 2005.     

Kinetics of clusters of elementary damages in loaded materials: Probabilistic cellular automation modeling

A probabilistic cellular automation is used to model accumulation of elementary damages and evolution of their clustering arrangement. Kinetic characteristics of the dynamics of the cluster quantity and evolution of the time correlation functions for the cluster quantity and elementary damage quantity are studied. It is established that their behavior has some features that are possible to interpret as the precursors of transition of the system to the pre-failure stage of evolution. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 49–60, January–February, 2006.     

An Evaluation of Metal Contamination in Surface and Groundwater around a Proposed Uranium Mining Site, Jharkhand, India

The East Singhbhum region is a highly mineralised zone, with extensive mining of copper, uranium, and other minerals. The concentrations of certain metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, and Ni) were measured in 10 groundwater locations and eight surface water locations for four seasons during 1 year around a proposed uranium mining area. The ranges of Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, and Ni in surface water were 0.08–1.21, 0.02–0.32, 0.02–3.48 mg/L, 0.84–14, 1.25–36, and 1.24–15 μg/L, respectively, while in groundwater, the ranges were 0.06–5.3, 0.01–1.3, 0.02–8.2 mg/L, 1.4–28, 0.78–20, and 1.05–20 μg/L, respectively. Only Fe and Mn were found to exceed India’s drinking water standards. The data have been used to calculate a metal pollution index (MPI). The MPI of both groundwater (28) and surface water (10) is well below the index limit of 100, which suggest that neither is generally contaminated with respect to these metals.     

Modeling of Area-End Ore Drawing under Caved Rocks

The results of modeling the technology of area-end ore drawing under caved rocks are adduced. The advantages of the new method over the end ore drawing are shown. A method of calculating losses and impoverishment depending on sublevel and breaking parameters as well as on ore drawing mode is presented. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 50–61, September–October, 2005.     

Memory effects and variations of the physical fields and properties of rocks with the origination of dynamic phenomena in a rock mass

A relationship, which is independent of the scale of the object, is established between memory effects of a rock mass and precursors of natural and technogenic geodynamic events. State Mining University, Moscow. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 29–34, September–October, 1999.     

Magnetic resonance in methane-saturated coal

Conclusions The results of the present investigation fill a certain gap in our knowledge of the influence of methane on the ESR spectra of coal, offer the possibility of estimating the methane saturation of coal of different grades (except grade A) from the ESR spectral broadening after degasification, and allows the significance of the “PMC concentration” as an index of the tendency of a coal bed to ejection to be critically evaluated. It remains to thank A. A. Galkina for interest in the work; G. A. Tsintsadze and Yu. A. Bratashevskii for useful discussions; and A. A. Bugayu for affording the possibility of obtaining ESR spectra on the E-12 spectrometer. Physicotechnical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, Donetsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 99–105, September–October, 1981.     

Rock drillability classification. Part II: Canonical representation of rock properties in the rock classification by fracture resistance

A multifactor classification of rocks by drillability is proposed based on canonical representation of the mechanical and structural properties of rocks by the dimensionless characteristics of rock fracture resistance. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6. pp. 86–104, November–December, 2008.     

Possibility of commercial application of a mixed geotechnology when developing the deposits of Kursk Magnetic Anomaly

A study is performed into alternative methods of mixed geotechnology application to large-scale mining of different-grade ores at thick deposits. The efficiency of using various combinations of physical and technical procedures for comprehensive development of the Earth’s interior is demonstrated. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 77–83, May–June, 2007.     

Controlled changes in technological properties of phosphates in mechanical activation with zeolites

A study has been made of the solid-phase mechanochemical modification of the natural zeolite-clinoptilolite by calcium phosphate in grinding equipment of increased energy intensity. It is shown that the extraction of phosphorus into a citric acid solution is very nearly unchanged as the intensity of mechanical actions is increased. Feasibility has been established for controlled change in the ratio of water-soluble and agrochemically active citric-soluble forms of P₂O₅. United Institute of Geology, Geophysics, and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 96–100, January–February, 1999.     

Evolution of the deformation and fracturing in rock masses near deep-level tunnels

The temporal zonal disintegration process is studied on the basis of irreversible thermal dynamics, the theory of continuous phase transition, and elastoplasticity theories. A spatial and temporal analytical solution to the problem of zonal disintegration near deep-level tunnels is given, and some laws of the zonal disintegration evolution are demonstrated. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 18–25, March–April, 2009.     

Devices for Continuous Recording of the Parameters of Deformation — Wave Processes in Rock Mass. Part I: Measurement of Longitudinal Movements of Rocks in a Borehole and Design of the Position Sensor

A sensor for measuring movements in block rock mass through boreholes is presented. Being an organic part of multichannel instrumental set, the sensor ensures revealing of deformation changes in the controlled zones of block geomedia, which is of key importance when stress variations and fatigue failure in rock mass are determined. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 106–115, May–June, 2005.     

Features of hydraulic fracture growth in the compression field

The author shows that in case the position of an initial fracture is close to orthogonal relative to the maximum compression direction, the minimum opening of the hydraulic fracture takes place at the contour of borehole. A model problem on fracture propagation along the interface of blocks is solved, and the conditions are found when edges of fractures close. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 19–29, November–December, 2008.     

Physicotechnical characteristics of underground gasification channel

A. A. Skochinskii Institute of Geology, Lyubertsy. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 90–94, March–April, 1991.     

Calculation of Tunnel Ventilation in Shallow Subways

A procedure is proposed to determine the tunnel fan capacity taking into account the area of passenger spaces in stations, traffic flow, and traffic working intensity. The calculation results and experimental data are presented to substantiate possible use of air disturbances due to a piston action of trains moving in tunnels for ventilation of shallow subways. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 81–89, May–June, 2005.