流动腐蚀介质中双相不锈钢的电化学阻抗谱

测定了流动氯化物体系中双相不锈钢电极的电化学阻抗谱,发现在单相流中,当流速低于临界值时,阻抗谱为直径较大的容抗弧;一旦流速超过临界值,阻抗谱特征为2个容抗弧.流动介质中加入固体颗粒之后,阻抗谱在低流速下高频区为容抗弧,低频区为直线段,而高流速下低频区则出现实部收缩现象.根据腐蚀电化学理论,提出了流动体系中双相不锈钢电极反应过程动力学模型,较好地解释了流动体系中双相不锈钢电极的电化学阻抗谱,进一步揭示了电化学腐蚀在双相不锈钢流动腐蚀过程中的主导作用机理.     

海水压力对深海用环氧涂层防护性能的影响

采用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术与局部交流阻抗技术(LEIS)研究了深海环境用重防腐环氧涂层H44-61在深海模拟环境(青岛海水,常压以及6 MPa交变压力)下的腐蚀电化学行为,探讨了交变压力对深海用涂层防护性能的影响。结果表明,涂层在6 MPa交变压力下的涂层电容较常压下高且涂层电阻较低,涂层的防护性能下降,但低频阻抗膜值均在10⁷ Ω·cm²以上,说明涂层仍有较好的防护性能;LEIS的研究表明交变压力下人造缺陷区域的阻抗值较小,缺陷周围涂层的剥离面积较大,说明压力交变能加快电解质溶液向涂层金属界面扩散,加速涂层下金属的腐蚀过程,降低涂层的防护性能。     

镀锌钢板墨绿色钝化膜的腐蚀行为

采用极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱和中性盐雾试验,研究了镀锌钢板墨绿色钝化膜的耐蚀性.在质量分数为5%的NaCl溶液中,钝化试样的腐蚀电位较未钝化试样明显正移,腐蚀电流密度大幅降低.镀锌未钝化及钝化试样的Nyquist谱图呈现2个较为完整的容抗弧,说明腐蚀体系受电化学控制.墨绿色钝化试样的容抗弧半径较未钝化试样大,因为钝化膜的形成增大了腐蚀过程的反应电阻,从而提高了试样的耐腐蚀性能.在中性盐雾试验中,镀锌墨绿色钝化试样的耐白锈时间达到400 h.     

模拟循环冷却系统黄铜管的腐蚀电化学

用研制的黄铜管腐蚀监测传感器对模拟循环冷却系统的黄铜管进行了电化学阻抗谱和电化学噪声测试.电化学阻抗谱测试结果表明,缓蚀剂能够在金属表面上形成保护性膜层抑制腐蚀过程.流速提高时溶液中氧的扩散速度提高,使缓蚀剂在HAl77-2管表面上的成膜作用加强,腐蚀速度降低.电化学噪声测试结果表明,提高流速对HSn70-1管局部腐蚀敏感性影响不大,而HAl77-2管在较高流速下局部腐蚀敏感性提高,表明电化学噪声能用于循环冷却系统黄铜管的腐蚀监测.流速对逆水流方向传感器的影响大于顺水流方向,因此实际应用时传感器应顺水流方向放置,以减小流速的影响.研究结果表明,所研制的传感器适用于动态条件下黄铜管的电化学测试.     

等离子体处理对水性涂层缺陷腐蚀失效影响的研究

通过对金属基体的等离子体处理,可以提高涂层使用寿命并提高涂层防护质量。通过三维共聚焦光学测试、电化学交流阻抗测试(EIS)和扫描开尔文探针测试(SKP)等手段表征了涂层失效过程。结果表明:等离子体表面处理对水性醇酸清漆涂层缺陷腐蚀失效有着明显的延缓作用,提高了涂层的使用寿命和综合性能。     

陕北盐渍土壤对X80管线钢电化学腐蚀行为的影响

采用电化学测试、SEM及EDS微观分析等方法,研究了X80管线钢在陕北水饱和盐渍土壤中的电化学腐蚀行为。结果表明,在水饱和盐渍土壤中,随腐蚀时间延长,X80钢腐蚀趋势和腐蚀速率均明显增大,局部腐蚀面积和深度不断增加,钢基体表面由以全面腐蚀为主转为以局部腐蚀为主,腐蚀机理为氧浓差腐蚀电池和局部腐蚀自催化效应,腐蚀速度主要受氧扩散过程控制;EIS图谱具有双容抗弧与Warburg阻抗特征,电荷传递和扩散传质的阻力随时间越来越大,而结合层电阻明显减小,这与钢表面生成腐蚀产物膜的完整性和致密性有关,腐蚀产物主要为铁的氧化物、硫化物和土壤中盐类的混合物。     

聚吡咯的绿色制备及其环氧树脂复合涂层对Q235钢的防腐性能

采用一种绿色、温和的氧化体系（H2O/FeCl2/H2O2）合成了结构规整的聚吡咯纳米微球,其结构和形貌采用FTIR和SEM进行表征。以聚吡咯为功能成分,环氧树脂为成膜物质,制备了聚吡咯/环氧树脂复合涂层,研究了其复合涂层在3.0% NaCl溶液中的防腐性能（EIS曲线、开路电位、Tafel极化曲线）,结果表明0.6% Ppy-H复合涂层在3.0% NaCl溶液中浸没60天后,仍表现出高的涂层电阻（5.14×107 Ω?cm2）和腐蚀电位 （Vcorr = ?0.202 mV）。     

环氧富锌/氯化橡胶涂层体系腐蚀过程的电化学阻抗谱

采用环氧富锌作为底漆、氯化橡胶作为面漆,研究了涂层体系腐蚀过程中电化学阻抗谱(EIS)的变化。结果表明,腐蚀初期环氧富锌/氯化橡胶涂层体系中底漆的厚度比例与涂层的防护性能无关,而在腐蚀中后期,随底漆厚度比例适当增大,涂层自修复能力增强,离子等腐蚀介质在涂层中的传输速度得到显著延缓,涂层吸水率和孔隙率明显降低,涂层防护性能出现短时间升高。当环氧富锌底漆为涂层总厚度的2/3左右时,涂层体系的防护性能最好,而仅有底漆或面漆的体系则不具备良好的防护性能。     

充氢电流密度对S32750 SDSS在0.6mol/L NaCl中腐蚀行为的影响

对于处在富氢环境下的钢材料,使用寿命和性能会因氢的存在而大大降低,进而对设备安全运行造成隐患。本文将S32750 SDSS作为研究对象,在不同电流密度下对其进行电化学充氢,通过电化学阻抗谱、动电位极化曲线等电化学测试研究了氢对其耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果显示：提升充氢电流密度,S32750 SDSS容抗弧半径减小,自腐蚀电位、点蚀电位负移,自腐蚀电流、点蚀电流密度增大,材料耐蚀性能变差。     

涂层防护性能的测试方法研究

通过介绍无机涂层的防腐机理,对涂层/金属体系性能和失效过程进行了探讨。系统阐述了无机涂层的测试方法和技术,重点分析了电化学阻抗谱法(EIS)在评价涂层性能中的应用,为进一步研究无机涂层腐蚀的本质和过程提供了有价值的参考。     

Electrochemical characterisation of protective organic coatings for food packaging

A very common material for food packaging is steel, in the form of metallic containers (cans), in particular for beverage packaging. The corrosion degradation of the packaging must be carefully controlled, not only because the packaging integrity must be preserved, but also in order to avoid any significant contamination of the food or drink, compromising the flavour. In order to increase the coating performance and the food compatibility, new organic coatings are under development with very high protective properties, with the final aim to increase the shelf life of the product. An electrochemical characterisation is often used to study the protective performance of organic coatings on metal substrate for various applications. Some different coatings for food packaging were considered in the present study, including materials with different chemical composition and different pigments content. The protective properties were quantified using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements, comparing the electrochemical substrate activity with electrochemical noise (EN) and scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) measurements. The influence of mechanical deformations on the protective properties was also investigated. The results obtained on the studied coatings confirmed the validity of the electrochemical approach and showed that, in general, the coatings containing pigments (TiO₂) have better performance than clearcoats, while comparing the different polymers, epoxy–phenolic coatings have a better corrosion protection than epoxy–melamine coatings.     

纳米Ag·SiO2添加剂对涂料在金黄色葡萄球菌环境中防腐性能的影响

研究了添加不同颜基比(P/B)纳米Ag.SiO2对环氧树脂涂层在金黄色葡萄球菌环境中防腐性能的影响。利用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了涂层在金黄色葡萄球菌溶液中浸泡前的表面形貌,测试了涂层浸泡前后的交流阻抗谱(EIS)。结果表明:添加纳米Ag.SiO2由于增加了涂层多孔性而导致其阻抗不同程度下降,P/B为0.3%时涂层的阻抗降至106Ω.cm2以下,基本失去了保护作用;在金黄色葡萄球菌溶液浸泡过程中纳米Ag.SiO2的杀菌作用开始显现,浸泡后未添加纳米Ag.SiO2涂层的耐蚀性能直线下降,而P/B为0.1%时涂层的耐蚀性能基本保持不变。     

防腐涂料用苯丙乳液的新型改性偶联剂的选择

采用新型二烷氧基型硅烷偶联剂及传统三烷氧基型硅烷偶联剂对苯丙乳液进行改性,通过电化学阻抗方法对改性前后涂膜的防腐性能进行研究。结果表明,改性涂膜的防腐性能优于未改性涂膜,而新型二烷氧基型硅烷偶联剂KH-578改性苯丙乳液的防腐性能最佳。     

环氧豆油树脂涂层的防腐性能研究

以环氧大豆油（ESO）为主要原料,四亚乙基五胺为固化剂,在碳钢基底表面制备了环氧豆油树脂（ESOR）涂层。利用场发射扫描电镜、傅里叶红外变化光谱仪、纳米压痕仪、热重分析仪、接触角测量仪、电化学阻抗谱等技术对ESOR涂层的性能进行了表征。结果发现,原料中ESO的含量有助于提高ESOR涂层的耐水性;而当原料中ESO的含量逐渐增加时,ESOR涂层的硬度、弹性模量和耐蚀性都会随之增强;根据拟合的等效电路,ESO与四亚乙基五胺的摩尔比为2的ESOR涂层的涂层电阻R_c能达到8.22×10¹¹ Ω·cm²,电荷转移电阻R_ct能达到1.32\times10¹⁰ Ω·cm²,表现出了优异的防腐性能。     

Coating evaluation and validation of accelerated test conditions using an in-situ corrosion sensor

An in-situ corrosion sensor was used to obtain electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements on coated panels under a variety of accelerated laboratory test conditions as well as ambient exposure at a Florida beach. Three studies are reported. The first compared the sensor (EIS) measurements taken in a salt fog chamber to those obtained using a clamp-on cell and the conventional remote electrode/immersion approach. For coatings with minimal edge defects, the two methods gave equivalent results. For coatings with edge defects, the sensor was able to detect the defects provided the surface was wet, as in the salt fog chamber. In contrast, the conventional approach was unable to detect defects unless they were within the confines of the clamp-on cell. In the second case, sensor measurements were used to compare coating degradation during salt fog, a cyclic corrosion test, humidity, and immersion to that occurring at a Florida beach. The cyclic corrosion test showed an excellent correlation with beach exposure while the salt fog and other test showed very little correlation, suggesting that the cyclic test is more valid for discriminating coating performance for seacoast exposure. The sensor also indicated that the test could be short-ened by up to 40% without significantly reducing the validity of the test. In the final example, a series of primers and appliqués were evaluated using the cyclic corrosion test. The sensor EIS results allowed a discrimination between the materials sets even though there was little or no visual difference between the specimens. 10260 Old Columbia Rd., Columbia, MD 21046.     

有机硅改性端羟基聚酯的合成

在二月桂酸二丁基锡的催化作用下,通过有机硅预聚体与端羟基聚酯的缩聚合成了系列有机硅改性聚酯。用傅里叶变换红外光谱分析了改性聚酯的结构。以钛酸四正丁酯为固化剂成膜后,检测了改性聚酯涂层耐热性、耐腐蚀性及机械性能。改性聚酯涂层具有良好的性能,按端羟基聚酯和有机硅树脂质量比1∶1改性后,涂层的附着力达1级,铅笔硬度达4 H,冲击强度大于50 kg.cm,可耐400~450℃的高温;涂层阻抗由2.8×107Ω.cm2提高到1.1×108Ω.cm2,腐蚀电位由-0.671 V增至-0.536 V,腐蚀电流密度由4.562×10-5A/cm2降至6.194×10-7A/cm2,极化电阻由4.812 kΩ/cm2提高到57.019 kΩ/cm2。     

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as a tool for investigating the quality and performance of coated food cans

In the present work, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is explored as a tool for evaluating the quality of coatings on food cans. The properties of the coating-metal interface are evaluated using an equivalent electrical circuit representing intact and defect coating areas. The element corresponding to the charge transfer capacitance under pores, proportional to the wetted metal surface, is found to be the most useful element for quality evaluation. It is shown that with EIS, differences can be detected between new and filled cans from different suppliers, as well as between different product formulations. Three measurement techniques, i.e., initial state characterization, rapid dc aging, and long-term electrolyte aging, are applied to a series of petfood and beverage cans, and the results compared with the performance of the same cans after filling and storage. It is shown that all three measurement techniques give basic guidance as to the long-term performance of the filled cans. However, the electrolyte-aging test was found to give the best precision in the performance prediction. Packaging Laboratory, Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH-1000 Lousanne 26, Switzerland.     

氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷防腐保护镀锌钢板的研究

本次实验采用氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷在镀锌钢板表面制备抗腐蚀保护膜,采用正交实验得出硅烷钝化最优工艺条件：硅烷浓度V（SCA）=2mL,钝化时间t1=10s,固化温度T=100℃,固化时间t2=5h。采用醋酸铅点滴和交流阻抗研究试样的耐腐蚀性能,实验结果表明试样经硅烷钝化后耐腐蚀性得到大幅度提高,耐黑变时间达到35s,阻抗值达到1600n。初步讨论了硅烷的成膜机理和各因素对成膜的影响。     

Monitoring the degradation of a high solids epoxy coating by means of EIS and EN

This paper reports a study of the degradation processes suffered by steel samples painted with a high solid content epoxy coating. Because this coating shows a high resistance when exposed to NaCl solutions, HCl solutions were employed to accelerate the corrosion processes. Macroscopic images were used to observe the coating degradation. Then electrochemical techniques, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical noise (EN) were employed to monitor the corrosion behaviour of the system studied. A close correlation was found between EIS and EN data. Several parameters were estimated using these techniques: R_po, R_ct, C_c, C_dl and Z_0.1 Hz using EIS, and R_n using EN. In addition, a new parameter estimated by means of EN was employed, Z_0.1 Hz(EN). The evolution of all these parameters with time enabled the effective monitoring of the degradation stage of the coating.