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理想操作条件下二元提馏式间歇精馏优化操作的汽化总量与最小汽化总量的计算是约束函数优化问题。本文采用罚函数法,将此约束函数优化转变为无约束函数优化,并采用固定双步长因子梯度法数值求解该函数的极值。计算表明:固定双步长因子梯度法具有良好的收敛性,同时,降低分段数较多时,数值截断误差积累对计算结果的影响。二元提馏式间歇精馏优化操作较恒残液组成操作的能耗低的原因如下:在理论板数相对较少(接近二元提馏式间歇精馏恒残液组成操作所需的最少理论板)时,优化操作通过控制再沸比提高了能耗效率;在理论板数相对较多时,优化操作通过控制再沸比,在保证过程的能耗效率较高的同时,可尽可能快地将物料移出系统,减少了精馏过程中塔顶贮槽内液体的混合熵产。通过对计算结果的归纳与外推,得到了理想操作条件下理论板数为无穷多时二元提馏式间歇精馏优化操作再沸比的变化方式以及最小汽化总量的计算公式。 相似文献
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使用Aspen Plus V8.4对环己烷/异丁醇共沸物系的共沸精馏和变压精馏流程进行了模拟与优化。选用乙醇为共沸剂,分别建立了共沸精馏和变压精馏的全局流程,研究了原料进料位置、回流比和共沸剂进料位置对分离效率的影响,得到了2种分离方法的操作参数和工艺参数。结果表明,共沸精馏流程的原料最佳进料位置为14块板,最小回流比为3.00,共沸剂的最佳进料位置为第一块板。变压精馏流程中减压塔最佳进料位置为第8块板,总理论板数为10块板,最小回流比为1.144,最小理论板数为8块板。同时,对2个工艺流程进行了经济分析。结果表明,变压精馏的年总费用比共沸精馏下降了62.7%。 相似文献
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叔丁醇-水-环己烷体系恒沸精馏过程模拟研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文运用Aspen plus过程模拟软件模拟计算了叔丁醇-水-环己烷恒沸精馏过程,计算出了各塔板的温度和气液相流量及组成,同时考察了理论塔板数和最小共沸剂流量及全塔热负荷的关系;加料板位置的变化对恒沸精馏塔分离效果的影响;以及设备压强的变化对共沸精馏的影响。 相似文献
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塔釜液闪蒸再沸式热泵精馏节能特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对丙烯-丙烷、苯-甲苯物系,对塔釜液闪蒸再沸式热泵精馏的系统特性进行分析,采用稳态模拟技术对两种物系常规精馏流程和热泵流程进行研究,确定最优理论板数和最佳进料板位置,在最优条件下研究不同进料物系对热泵精馏节能效果的影响。将热泵精馏流程的计算结果与常规精馏塔进行比较,结果表明,与常规精馏相比,热泵精馏节能优势明显,沸点相近的丙烯-丙烷物系更适用于塔釜液闪蒸再沸式热泵精馏,节能率在80%以上,经济效益非常可观。 相似文献
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提出了一种适于求解混合整数非线性规划问题的混合粒子群优化算法,并将其与化工过程模拟软件相结合,用于共沸精馏塔的最优设计。优化模型以年度总费用最小为目标,以精馏段板数、提馏段板数和回流比为优化变量,并引入流体力学约束使得优化结果更具实际价值,并以效率更高的"轮盘赌"式策略处理整数变量,约束处理采用Deb方法。最终以C++实现优化算法,C#编制界面,通过商业模拟软件Aspen Plus计算粒子适应度,将本方法用于一个醋酸甲酯/甲醇/水三元共沸组成的分离案例,所获最优年度总费用优于文献结果。 相似文献
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间歇恒沸精馏法从异丙醇水溶液中回收异丙醇 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用单塔间歇恒沸精馏法将异丙醇与水分离,从含水12.6%左右的醇溶液可制得含水小于0.5%的异丙醇产品,醇的回收率达97.0%。对恒沸剂选择、用量,流程和操作要点作了推荐及说明 相似文献
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Shortcut Procedure for Inverted Batch Distillation Column (Ⅰ) Multicomponent Ideal System 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Inverted batch distillation colunm(stripper) is opposed to a conventional batch distillation column(rectifier). It has a storage vessel at the top and products leave the column at the bottom. The batch stripper is favourable to separate mixtures with a small amount of light components by removing the heavy components as bottom products. In this paper, we are presenting a shortcut procedure based on our earlier work for design and simulation of the inverted batch distillation column, which is equivalent to the Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland procedure for continuous distillation. Given a separation task, we propose to compute the minimum number of stages(Nbmin)and the minimum reboil ratio(Rbmin) required in a batch stripper,which are the stages and reboil ratio required in a hypothetical inverted batch distillation colnmn operating in total reboil ratio or having an infinite number of stages,respectively. Then, it is shown that the performance of inverted batch columns with a finite number of stages and reboil ratios could be correlated in Gilliland coordinates with the minimum stages Nbmin and the minimum reboil ratio Rbmin. 相似文献
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Inverted batch distillation column(stripper) is opposed to a conventional batch distillation column(rectifier). It has a storage vessel at the top and products leave the column at the bottom. The batch stripper is favourable to separate mixtures with a small amount of light components by removing the heavy components as bottom products. In this paper, we are presenting a shortcut procedure based on our earlier work for design and simulation of the inverted batch distillation column, which is equivalent to the Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland procedure for continuous distillation. Given a separation task, we propose to compute the minimum number of stages(Nbmin) and the minimum reboil ratio(Rbmin) required in a batch stripper,which are the stages and reboil ratio required in a hypothetical inverted batch distillation column operating in total reboil ratio or having an infinite number of stages,respectively. Then, it is shown that the performance of inverted batch columns with a finite number of stages and reboil ratios could be correlated in Gilliland coordinates with the minimum stages Nbmln and the minimum reboil ratio Rbmin. 相似文献
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Feasible separations and entrainer selection rules for heteroazeotropic batch distillation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. Skouras 《Chemical engineering science》2005,60(11):2895-2909
A feasibility analysis is presented for the separation of close-boiling and azeotropic (minimum- and maximum-boiling) binary mixtures into pure components by the addition of an entrainer introducing a heterogeneous azeotrope. The analysis is done for both the conventional batch rectifier and the multivessel batch column. The analysis is theoretical and based on the assumptions of total reflux/reboil ratios and infinite number of stages. Two feasibility conditions are formulated that make it possible to investigate feasibility based on information coming solely from the distillation line map along with the binodal curve of the ternary mixture. Serafimov's classification is used for classifying the azeotropic phase diagrams. The feasibility analysis provides the necessary background and information for formulating rules for entrainer selection for the process. Two simple rules are then proposed, which make it possible to “screen” entrainers for heteroazeotropic batch distillation with minimum efforts. 相似文献
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夹紧区是精馏塔内出现的浓度几乎不变的区域,对于三元物系来说,根据夹紧区在塔内出现的位置可分为:上、中和下加紧区.在无穷板数和任一瞬时釜浓下选择不同的回流比可使分批精馏处于不同夹紧区下操作.文中讨论了三元恒回流比分批精馏过程中夹紧区的演变,在Rayleigh方程的基础上建立了应用夹紧区原理确定多元恒回流比分批精馏最小回流比的方法.该方法并不要求相对挥发度为常数,并且能准确计算顶浓,克服了通常所采用的Underwood公式法的缺陷,为多元分批精馏的简捷设计奠定了基础. 相似文献
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引 言2 0世纪 80年代末 ,余国琮、杨志才等[1] 参照连续精馏开工过程的操作方法提出并实验证明了一种新的间歇精馏操作方法———塔顶累积全回流法(本文简称“全回流”) .采用此法 ,笔者[2 ] 最近推导出在理想操作条件下间歇精馏二元理想混合物精馏过程中塔顶贮槽内液体流动为完全混合时最小汽化总量计算法 .由于采用此法 ,塔顶贮槽内存液量可能很大 ,往往必须考虑塔顶贮槽内液体流动时的混合程度 .本文以多级串联混合模型的级数表示采用此操作方法塔顶贮槽内液体流动时的混合程度 ,以在理想操作条件下间歇精馏二元理想混合物为例 ,通过举… 相似文献