一体化OADM/OXC节点降低串扰结构研究

提出并分析了一体化光分插复用 /光交叉连接 (OADM/OXC)的降低串扰节点结构。在波分复用 (WDM )光传送网络中 ,一体化节点可以同时完成对光通道的上下路与交叉连接功能。与传统结构节点相比 ,该结构中使用一组 1× 2和 2× 1光开关与小规模的光交叉连接阵列实现光通道的上下路与交叉连接。仿真结果证明 ,该结构中由于同频串扰造成的功率代价显著下降。     

LiNbO3声光可调谐滤波器(AOTF)在OADM中的应用

基于LiNbO3晶体的声光可调谐滤波器（AOTF）是利用TE／TM模式转换的原理实现了多波长选择特性和宽调谐范围，这使它在波分复用（WDM）中的光分插复用（OADM）系统中有广泛用途，文章介绍了AOTF的基本原理，以及用它的构成的OADM系统。     

3R光电波长变换器对WDM网中串扰的影响

具有光叉连接（ＯＸＣ）节点的波分复用（ＷＤＭ）光网络中,串扰是一个重要的限制因素。本文针对基于分送耦合开关的ＯＸＣ结构,分析了相干和非相干串扰引入的光功率恶化并进行了仿真计算。结果表明相干串扰是影响传输质量的重要因素,串扰引起的光功率恶化主要取决于复用波数Ｍ,而与输入光纤数Ｎ关系不大。如果在ＯＸＣ节点内采用３Ｒ光电波长变换器（ＯＥＷＣ）,串扰对系统的影响会降低。     

一种新型光分插复用器及其应用

提出并分析了一种基于光纤光栅的新型光分插用器（OADM）。与基于光纤光栅的普通型OADM相比，具有更小的同频串扰，下载端口的同频串扰小于－80dB，上载端口的同频串扰小于－50dB；而且可以上下载任意波长信号。     

阵列波导光栅原理、制作工艺及其性能分析

阵列波导光栅(Arrayed-waveguideGrating，AWG)是密集型波分复用(DWDM)系统中的关键器件之一。本论述了AWG的原理及其制作工艺(主要是反应离子刻蚀和化学气相沉积)，分析了AWG的一些重要性能参数，提出了一些改进其性能的方法。最后，阐述了AWG在波长路由器、光上／下路复用器(OADM)、光交叉互连(OXC)等的应用。     

一种基于可调谐F-P腔滤波器的光分插复用器

文章提出了一种基于可调谐F-P腔滤波器的光分插复用器(0ADM),对它的串扰特性进行了详细的分析与计算,提出了减小串扰的改进措施;实验中,下载波长谱线宽度仅为0.18 nm,插损为4.2 dB,信道隔离度大于26.5 dB,自由光谱范围(FSR)大于33nm.该OADM具有结构简单、隔离度高、可精密调谐、插损小、成本低和功耗低等特点,可广泛应用于现有的密集波分复用(DWDM)系统.     

工艺公差对阵列波导光栅波分复用器性能的影响

依据阵列波导光栅(AWG)的传输理论,分析了工艺公差对硅基聚合物AWG波分复用器性能的影响.分析结果表明,工艺公差将引起AWG传输光谱的漂移,并使串扰增大.为了实现AWG器件正常的解复用功能,我们对AWG工艺公差的累积和补偿效应进行了讨论.     

LiNbO3声光可调谐滤波器(AOTF)在OADM中的应用

基于LiNbO3晶体的声光可调谐滤波器(AOTF)是利用TE/TM模式转换的原理实现了多波长选择特性和宽调谐范围,这使它在波分复用(WDM)中的光分插复用(OADM)系统中有广泛用途.文章介绍了AOTF的基本原理,以及用它构成的OADM系统.     

光分插复用设备的节点结构与组网研究

光分插复用设备（OADM）是光传送网中的重要网元，本文提出了OADM的实现方法与设计原则，给出了实现OADM中的若干关键技术问题，相应的解决方法以及利用OADM进行长距离传输与组网的实验研究结果。     

阵列波导光栅原理、制作工艺及其性能分析

阵列波导光栅(Arrayed-Waveguide Grating,AWG)是密集型波分复用(DWDM)系统中的关键器件之一。本文论述了AWG的原理及其制作工艺(主要是反应离子刻蚀和化学气相沉积),分析了AWG的一些重要性能参数,提出了一些改进其性能的方法。最后,阐述了AWG在波长路由器、光上/下路复用器(OADM)、光交叉互连(OXC)等的应用。     

Accurate modeling of optical multiplexer/demultiplexerconcatenation in transparent multiwavelength optical networks

This paper presents an accurate theoretical model for the study of concatenation of optical multiplexers/demultiplexers (MUXs/DMUXs) in transparent multiwavelength optical networks. The model is based on a semianalytical technique for the evaluation of the error probability of the network topology. The error-probability evaluation takes into account arbitrary pulse shapes, arbitrary optical MUX/DMUX, and electronic low-pass filter transfer functions, and non-Gaussian photocurrent statistics at the output of the direct-detection receiver. To illustrate the model, the cascadability of arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) routers in a transparent network element chain is studied. The performance of the actual network is compared to the performance of a reference network with ideal optical MUXs/DMUXs. The optical power penalty at an error probability of 10^-9 is calculated as a function of the number of cascaded AWG routers, the bandwidth of AWG routers, and the laser carrier frequency offset from the channel's nominal frequency     

New concept in long-reach PON Planning: BER-aware wavelength allocation

With the use of arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) and erbium-doped-fiber amplifier (EDFA), the long-reach passive optical network (LR-PON) can provide enormous bandwidth over large distances. However, these new technologies can also deteriorate the receivers' bit-error rate (BER) performance. By bringing the concept of BER-awareness into network planning, we can alleviate the performance deterioration, which could in turn lead to simpler design of receiver and thus lower the total cost of LR-PON.The effects of AWG and EDFA on BER are studied in this paper. An analytical model of BER performance is developed as a function of the output port location in the AWG and the distance of the receiver from the AWG. Not only does the proposed model capture the power loss caused by AWG, but it also accounts for several transmission impairments, including the beat noise due to inter-channel crosstalk in the AWG, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise related to EDFA, and the thermal noise related to the receiver. Based on this model, we propose both short-term and long-term distance-aware wavelength allocation schemes, which balance the BER among the optical network units (ONUs) at different distance. Simulation results show that average BER improves and the relative standard deviation decreases.     

Modeling of Multi-Input Arrayed Waveguide Grating and Its Application to Design of Flat-Passband Response Using Cascaded Mach–Zehnder Interferometers

We present a theoretical model of a multi-input arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) based on Fourier optics and apply the model to the design of a flattened passband response. This modeling makes it possible to systematically analyze spectral performance and to clarify the physical mechanisms of the multi-input AWG. The model suggested that the width of an input/output mode-field function and the number of waveguides in the array are important factors to flatten the response. We also developed a model for a novel AWG employing cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers connected to the AWG input ports and numerically analyzed its optical performance to achieve low-loss, low-crosstalk, and flat-passband response. We demonstrated the usability of this model through investigations of filter performance. We also compared the filter spectrum given by this model with that given by simulation using the beam propagation method     

阵列波导光栅在二维光CDMA系统中的应用研究

分析了二维光CDMA系统及系统中采用的地址码的特点,介绍了阵列波导光栅(AWG)的功能,给出了三种基于AWG的二维光CD MA编解码器的结构及其工作原理。最后以二维光正交码为例,分析了采用AWG编解码器的二维系统的性能.结果表明,AWG编解码器可以实现多波长二维光CDMA系统中地址码的快速编解码功能,使系统容量达到Tbit/s量级。     

An array of photonic filtering advantages:arrayed-waveguide-grating multi/demultiplexers for photonicnetworks

The author introduces the principles, fabrication techniques, and recent progress of planar-type arrayed-waveguide-grating (AWG) multi/demultiplexers, which have been developed for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-based photonic networks. The AWG has already been used in point-to-point WDM systems and is a key component in the construction of flexible and large-capacity WDM networks. This is because, compared with conventional filters consisting of thin-film interference filters and micro-optics, the AWG offers the advantages of low loss, high port counts, and mass productivity. Further progress on the AWG is expected to contribute greatly to the construction of future photonic networks including optical add/drop multiplexing systems and optical crossconnect systems     

基于阵列波导光栅的波分复用器件

阵列波导光栅波分复用 /解复用器有 N个输入端口和 N个输出端口 ,能同时传输 N2 路不同的光信号 ,除具有波分复用和解复用功能外 ,能灵活地与其它光器件组成多波长激光器、光路分插复用器、光路交叉连接器、波长路由器等波分复用器件 ,在光通信网络中有着广泛的应用前景。     

Modeling and design of arrayed waveguide gratings

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, a simple but comprehensive and powerful arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) field model is presented which, based on Fourier optics, borrows some principles of that developed by Takeouchi and coworkers [see, Opt. Express, vol. 6, p. 124, 2000] for the analysis of reflective-type AWGs for optical signal processing, but at the same time adds more features, such as the calculation of device losses and the refinement of the mathematical model to obtain a simple expression for the output field for any input-output waveguide configuration where the meaning of the different high-level parameters of the AWG becomes very clear to the reader. Second, we elaborate on the model developed to present an useful design procedure of the AWG based on two steps illustrated by design flowcharts     

Multistage WDM access architecture employing cascaded AWGs

Here we propose passive/active arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) with enhanced performance for system applications mainly in novel access architectures employing cascaded AWG technology. Two technologies were considered to achieve space wavelength switching in these networks. Firstly, a passive AWG with semiconductor optical amplifiers array, and secondly, an active AWG. Active AWG is an AWG with an array of phase modulators on its arrayed-waveguides section, where a programmable linear phase-profile or a phase hologram is applied across the arrayed-waveguide section. This results in a wavelength shift at the output section of the AWG. These architectures can address up to 6912 customers employing only 24 wavelengths, coarsely separated by 1.6 nm. Simulation results obtained here demonstrate that cascaded AWGs access architectures have a great potential in future local area networks. Furthermore, they indicate for the first time that active AWGs architectures are more efficient in routing signals to the destination optical network units than passive AWG architectures.     

阵列波导光栅器件及应用

简述阵列波导光栅(AWG)复用／解复用器的原理，总结和分析AWG器件性能的一些改进措施，并综述了AWG在当今光通信中的多种应用。     

Analysis of Optical Singal Transmission Characteristics in AWG Multi/Demultiplexer with Electromagnetic Field Theory

Based on the electromagnetic field theory,the optical signal transmission characteristics in input/output waveguides,slab waveguides and arrayed waveguides of the arrayed waveguide grating(AWG) multi/demultiplexer are analyzed.The relationship between the physical parameters such as geometry sizes and relative refractive index in AWG multi/demultiplexer and the optical signal transmission characteristics are discussed.This theoretical study can be used for optimizing the design and improving the performance of the AWG multi/demultiplexer.