Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块状非晶合金的相变动力学

用差式扫描热分析和X射线衍射方法，研究了Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块状非晶合金的相变动力学。结果表明：在温度低于500℃的范围内，Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块状非晶合金中的晶化相可大体分为α相和β相（主要为Ti2Ni和Zr2Cu等）。在晶化初期α相的激活能较小，为159kJ/mol,它随着晶化分数X的增加而提高，在X为90％时达到最大值220kJ/mol；β相的晶化激活能在X为5％－60％的范围内变化不大，然后随晶化分数X的增加而提高，X为65％时达到最大值257．35kJ/mol。     

机械合金化制备Zr50Cu40Ai10非晶合金粉末及其晶化研究

以金属Zr、Cu和Al为原料,通过真空熔炼和气体雾化制备Zr-Cu-Al合金粉末,再经高能球磨得到Zr50Cu40Al10非晶合金粉末。采用氮/氧分析仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和热分析仪(DSC)对其非晶形成能力及晶化行为进行研究。结果表明,球磨120h后可获得Zr50Cu40Al10非晶合金粉末,且随球磨时间增加,粉末的颗粒尺寸逐渐减小,90h后达到亚微米级。球磨过程中由于铁的增加,使合金的结构"混乱度"增加、负混合热增大,因而热稳定性增强,其过冷区间ΔTx为62K,约为雾化法制备的非晶合金粉末的2倍。此外,采用非等温晶化方法,用KISSINGER方程计算出机械合金化Zr50Cu40Al10非晶合金的玻璃转变和初始晶化的表观激活能分别为152.6kJ/mol和172.4kJ/mol,远小于相应的气体雾化法制备的Zr50Cu40Al10非晶合金粉末表观激活能,其原因是粉末中氧含量和体系自由能较高。     

机械合金化制备Zr_(50)Cu_(40)Al_(10)非晶合金粉末及其晶化研究

以金属Zr、Cu和Al为原料,通过真空熔炼和气体雾化制备Zr-Cu-Al合金粉末,再经高能球磨得到Zr50Cu40Al10非晶合金粉末。采用氮/氧分析仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和热分析仪(DSC)对其非晶形成能力及晶化行为进行研究。结果表明,球磨120h后可获得Zr50Cu40Al10非晶合金粉末,且随球磨时间增加,粉末的颗粒尺寸逐渐减小,90h后达到亚微米级。球磨过程中由于铁的增加,使合金的结构"混乱度"增加、负混合热增大,因而热稳定性增强,其过冷区间ΔTx为62K,约为雾化法制备的非晶合金粉末的2倍。此外,采用非等温晶化方法,用KISSINGER方程计算出机械合金化Zr50Cu40Al10非晶合金的玻璃转变和初始晶化的表观激活能分别为152.6kJ/mol和172.4kJ/mol,远小于相应的气体雾化法制备的Zr50Cu40Al10非晶合金粉末表观激活能,其原因是粉末中氧含量和体系自由能较高。     

(Ni0.75Fe0.25)70Zr8Si10B12非晶合金非等温晶化行为研究

采用旋铸急冷工艺在真空条件下制备出(Ni0.75Fe0.25)70Zr8Si10B12合金条带.经X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明样品为完全非晶.用Diamond TG/DTA差热分析仪在高纯氩气保护下测量了非晶薄带的热稳定性参数玻璃转变温度Tg、晶化起始温度Txi、晶化峰值温度Tpi.选用不同的升温速率,即10,20,30,40 K·min-1研究其晶化行为.结果表明,随升温速度的增大,特征温度Tg,Txi,Tpi均向高温区移动,其玻璃转变与晶化行为都与加热速率有关,均具有动力学效应.应用Kissinger法与Ozawa法研究了(Ni0.75Fe0.25)70Zr8Si10B12非晶合金的非等温晶化动力学行为.计算了不同特征温度下的激活能E、频率因子,用Kissinger法和Ozawa法计算的激活能结果是一致的.     

Al_(86)Ni_5Y_7Er_2非晶合金的晶化动力学研究

采用单辊旋淬法制备了Al86Ni5Y7Er2非晶合金,通过差示扫描量热(DSC)技术研究非晶合金晶化动力学性能,计算得到合金平均晶化激活能,得到平均晶化起始激活能Ex是146.4kJ·mol-1、第一晶化峰值平均激活能Ep1是183.8kJ·mol-1、第二晶化峰值平均激活能Ep2是247.7kJ·mol-1、第三晶化峰值平均激活能激活能Ep3是228.2kJ·mol-1。结果表明Al86Ni5Y7Er2非晶合金具有较好的热稳定性。     

Y基非晶合金的形成及晶化动力学

利用单辊急冷法制备Y56-xZrxA124Co20(x=0,5,10)非晶合金,研究Zr含量对该非晶合金的形成能力及热稳定性的影响.研究结果表明,添加元素Zr可以提高Y56A124Co20合金的非晶形成能力和热稳定性,而且随着Zr含量增加,合金的非晶形成能力提高.通过示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了Y56A124Co20和Y46Zr10A124Co20的晶化动力学,前者的玻璃转变激活能和晶化激活能分别为366.5 KJ/mol和259.7 KJ/mol,后者的玻璃转变激活能和晶化激活能分别为415.6 KJ/mol和319.5KJ/mol,从理论上说明添加元素Zr可以改善Y56A124Co20合金的非晶形成能力和热稳定性.     

Zr55Al10Ni5CU30大块非晶合金的研究进展

概述了Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30非晶合金的制备方法及各种方法的特点，并在此基础上介绍了Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30的组织与性能及其晶化过程。     

Cu46Zr44Al5Nb5块体非晶合金的晶化行为研究

通过磁悬浮熔炼-水冷铜模吸铸法制备了Cu46Zr44Al5Nb5块体非晶合金,并研究其变温晶化行为和等温晶化行为,运用Kissinger法和FWO法分别计算出各特征激活能和阶段激活能,考察了不同加热速度下晶化体积分数和晶化温度、晶化激活能的关系,并绘制了TTT曲线并计算非晶形成的临界冷却速率。结果表明,运用Kissinger法得到玻璃转变激活能E g为231.96 kJ·mol-1、晶化初始激活能E x为351.39kJ·mol-1、晶化峰的激活能E p为401.36 kJ·mol-1,Cu46Zr44Al5Nb5BMG具有良好的热稳定性,由TTT曲线计算非晶形成的临界冷却速率约为3.985 K·s-1。晶化类型主要为扩散控制的共晶型转变,随着晶化量的增大,阶段激活能呈减小的趋势。初始晶化阶段的晶化温度较高,主要是形核和微小晶粒的长大,需要克服较大的能量势垒,而随着温度的降低,晶粒的不断形成,晶化过程演变为主要以形核为主,所需要克服的能量势垒相应减小。在T x+100℃等温晶化退火,析出Cu10Zr7和AlCu2Zr共晶相,随着保温时间的延长,析出相的尺寸和体积分数逐渐增加。     

机械合金化制备Zr_(50)Al_(15)Ni_(10)Cu_(25)非晶合金粉末的非晶化机制

用Zr,Al,Ni和Cu的元素粉末,采用机械合金化的方法在转速为400 r/min、球料质量比20:1的条件下制备具有非晶结构的Zr50Al15 Ni10Cu25粉末,研究其非晶化机制。用X射线衍和扫描电镜分析粉末的结构、晶粒尺寸和形貌。结果表明:在球磨8 h后可使Zr50Al15 Ni10Cu25混合粉末非晶化,晶粒尺寸约80 nm;球磨过程中并没有出现任何过饱和固溶体或者中间合金相,非晶化过程是由于球磨过程中球磨罐和磨球对粉末的不断冲击、剪切、摩擦和挤压,使混合粉末中的晶粒极度细化而直接转变为非晶态颗粒,得到非晶粉末。     

非晶合金Cu77Ni8Sn8P7的玻璃转变和晶化激活能

通过对非晶合金Cu_(17)Ni_8Sn_8P_7的初淬和退火态进行DSC分析(差动扫描量热分析),得到多种加热速度下的玻璃化温度及晶化温度,用Henderson提出的变温动力学方法计算了非晶合金在晶化开始温度和蜂值温度下的转变激活能,并确定了非晶合金玻璃转变激活能的方法。最后讨论了转变激活能和温度的关系,并估算了晶化过程中成核和生长的激活能。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.