共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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在B炸药中分别添加质量分数1%和3%的123树脂/1DES黏结剂或质量分数5%固化系数为0.6和0.8的HTPB/MDI黏结剂,制备了4种改性B炸药。用大药片落锤撞击试验、电探针和锰铜压力计分别测试了其撞击感度、爆速和爆压,用VLWR程序计算了爆轰性能。结果表明,添加123树脂/DES黏结剂后,改性B炸药的撞击感度降低;添加不同固化系数的HTPB/MDI黏结剂后,改性B炸药的撞击感度升高;添加123树脂/DES和HTPB/MDI后,改性B炸药的密度、爆速和爆压降低,而且添加量越大,其爆速和爆压降低越大。爆速和爆压的计算值与实验值接近。 相似文献
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采用苏珊试验测试了HMX基压装PBX炸药在低速撞击下的感度,研究了HMX的晶体品质、颗粒尺寸等对PBX撞击感度的影响。结果表明,HMX晶体品质的提高有利于提升PBX的反应阈值速度;在晶体品质相当的情况下,当HMX颗粒由20μm增大到105μm时,PBX的苏珊撞击响应的阈值速度由47m/s升至59m/s,而撞击响应的程度有一定下降。苏珊试验中存在一个临界撞靶速度(约100m/s),低于该速度,含高品质HMX的PBX反应程度小于含普通品质HMX的PBX;高于该速度,含高品质HMX的PBX反应程度则大于含普通品质HMX的PBX。 相似文献
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RDX的TNT包覆钝感研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为降低RDX的机械感度,维持其爆炸性能,研究了用少量TNT包覆RDX的钝感方法。以RDX为主体炸药成分,以质量分数3%~10%的TNT为含能钝感剂,再加入质量分数2%~3%的含能增塑剂和微量水溶性表面活性剂,利用TNT和含能增塑剂在水中不同温度的熔化和凝固结晶,通过水悬浮分散包覆工艺,将TNT和含能增塑剂包覆在RDX颗粒的表面,制得内层为RDX、外层为TNT的双层混合炸药。分析了包覆钝感的工艺条件及炸药包覆后的粒径和SEM的变化情况。研究表明,该RDX—TNT双层混合炸药的撞击感度可降至20%以下,摩擦感度降至28%以下,压制成药柱的密度为1.73g/m^3,爆速可达8400m/s。 相似文献
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纳米Al对RDX基炸药机械感度和火焰感度的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用机械混合法制备了含纳米Al的RDX基混合炸药,测试了其机械感度和火焰感度,用扫描电镜表征了纳米Al及其炸药的表面形貌,分析了感度变化的原因。结果表明,加入纳米Al后,RDX基炸药的撞击感度、摩擦感度和火焰感度增大;随着纳米Al含量的增加,撞击感度、摩擦感度和火焰感度明显增大;且含纳米Al炸药的撞击感度、摩擦感度和火焰感度均高于含微米Al炸药。纳米Al及含纳米Al炸药均存在微量团聚现象,在一定程度上影响了含纳米Al的RDX基炸药的感度。 相似文献
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为了研究黏结剂对CL-20/FOX-7基PBX性能的影响,分别以Estane、EPDM、ACM、EVA为黏结剂,采用水悬浮法制备了含有不同黏结剂成分的CL-20/FOX-7基高聚物黏结炸药(PBX);采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、激光粒度分析仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对样品结构、形貌和热分解特性进行了表征;使用撞击感度测试仪、摩擦感度测试仪和小型烤燃实验装置测试了不同样品的机械感度和烤燃特性。结果表明,以EVA为黏结剂制备的CL-20/FOX-7基PBX造型粉颗粒密实,表面光滑且没有脱粘外漏现象,包覆粘结效果最好;以EVA为黏结剂制备的PBX活化能较细化CL-20提高了87.75 kJ/mol,较FOX-7原料提高了42.52 kJ/mol,说明使用EVA的PBX热稳定性较原料有一定提升;同时该PBX样品特性落高(H 50)较细化CL-20提高25.6 cm,摩擦感度爆炸概率降低52%,较使用Estane、EPDM和ACM的PBX样品机械感度更低;使用EVA的PBX药柱在升温速率为6K/min的慢速烤燃条件下,烤燃反应等级为燃烧,说明该配方能够达到烤燃安全试验要求,安全性能较好。 相似文献
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A. V. Dubovik 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2002,38(6):714-722
A model of mechanical initiation of solid explosives, applicable for analysis of sensitivity of individual substances and composite explosives, is developed. The model includes a system of equations of work softening of a high explosive charge under an impact, resulting dissipative heating, and heat release due to chemical reactions between the components of the explosive mixture. The critical parameters and reaction kinetics were numerically calculated for initiation of charges consisting of a mixture of ammonium perchlorate and polymethylmethacrylate. The results are compared to experimental data on sensitivity of this mixture to the impact. Key words: high explosive, impact, explosion, impact sensitivity. 相似文献
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以六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)为主体炸药、分别以3种类型丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)(AR-71、AR-12、AR-14)和Estane 5703为黏结剂、以己二酸二辛酯(DOA)为增塑剂,进行分子动力学(MD)模拟。采用溶液-水悬浮法制备了6种CL-20基PBX,采用FE-SEM、XRD、DSC对其进行表征,并测试了其撞击感度。结果表明,ACM和增塑剂包覆在CL-20晶体表面,颗粒呈球形或椭球形,包覆后CL-20晶型仍为ε型。AR-71包覆的CL-20热安定性最好,热爆炸临界温度比Estane5703包覆的CL-20高2.07℃,同时在3种ACM包覆CL-20体系中,CL-20/AR-71体系的热安定性优于CL-20/AR-12和CL-20/AR-14。AR-71对CL-20降感起到很好的作用。增塑剂的引入有效改善了CL-20/AR-71和CL-20/Estane 5703复合粒子的热稳定性。其中CL-20/AR-71/DOA体系的热稳定性和热安全性最好,同时增塑剂也使CL-20/AR-71和CL-20/Estane5703复合粒子的机械感度降低。 相似文献
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以氯化铝为前驱物,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为AlCl3.6H2O和RDX的溶剂,1,2-环氧丙烷为胶凝剂,常温常压下,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备RDX/AlOOH复合炸药,产物用超临界流体干燥后得固体粉末。用扫描电镜和DSC研究了复合炸药的形貌分析和热分解特性。测试了复合炸药的撞击感度、摩擦感度。结果表明,溶胶-凝胶法与超临界流体干燥技术相结合,可以较好地保持凝胶的多孔结构;其热分解过程不同于物理掺杂的混合炸药,DSC曲线上熔化吸热峰几近消失,RDX/AlOOH复合炸药的撞击感度和摩擦感度均较低。 相似文献
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Fred Volk 《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》1996,21(3):155-159
The way of initiating an insensitive high explosive can influence the start of a detonation reaction remarkably. In order to study the extent of this influence, different boosters and different booster structures for the initiation of explosive mixtures containing TNT and nitroguanidine (NQ) have been used. The experiments have been conducted in a 1.5 m3 containment from which the detonation products could be taken and analyzed. In those cases where we only used a 10 g RDX booster together with a detonation cap no. 8, we had not a complete detonation reaction by initiating cylindrical charges of TNT/NQ and TNT/AN. This means that unreacted TNT was analyzed in the solid residue, mainly consisting of carbon soot. On the other hand, we had a complete detonation using an additional booster of about 18 g detonation sheet, placed on the front side of the cylindrical explosive, having the same diameter as the explosive charge. Another part of the investigations deals with the determination of the influence of different argon pressures on the composition of the detonation gas and the solid residue. Between vacuum and one bar argon a strong change not only of the gas but also of the soot residue was measured. A stronger influence on the products was found using a confinement with glass tubes. The investigation of Al-containing charges exhibited a very different behavior compared with charges without Al. No more influence of vaccum or of different ambient gas pressure could be observed. By investigation of two composite explosive charges (PBX) containing binder systems of different energies and different oxygen balances, a great influence on the reaction of Al was found. The PBX charges with the better O2-balance containing the energetic GAP-binder reacted nearly completely with the Al, opposite to the charge containing the polyisobutylene (PIB) binder system. 相似文献
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硝酸钠中的少量亚硝酸钠对乳化炸药基质具有一定敏化作用和起泡作用,它使乳化炸药基质感度提高,给安全生产带来隐患。选择使用亚硝酸钠含量较低的硝酸钠,可以有效提高乳化炸药生产的本质安全度。 相似文献