一种低压APF和TSC并联最优运行的方法

针对低压电网中传统有源电力滤波器(APF)和晶闸管投切电容器(TSC)简单并联运行时出现的系统不稳、TSC频繁投切等问题,提出了一种基于FBD法的统一APF和TSC且共用电抗器的控制方法。该方法只通过一个控制器同时计算出APF的补偿指令电流和TSC投切组数控制信号。通过负载电流的变化率dILq/dt判断负载是否处于暂态过程,来决定是否更新TSC的投切状态,从而避免TSC的频繁投切和系统振荡。共用电抗器的拓扑结构还能节约经济成本,减小装置体积。通过仿真实验,验证了系统的可行性及有效性,是一种高性价比且性能优良的无功及谐波补偿方法。     

有源滤波器的研究现状综述

由于现代电力电子技术迅速的快速发展,电力系统中的谐波危害也日益严重,为了有效的抑制谐波提高电能质量,电力有源滤波器APF应运而生,它可以有效的对无功功率和频率、幅值均变化的谐波进行实时跟踪补偿。目前,APF已经成为电力电子技术中的一个重大研究课题。本文介绍了有源滤波器的基本工作原理、谐波电流检测方法及补偿电流控制方法、主电路类型等。     

并联型有源电力滤波器指定次无静差控制策略

为提高有源电力滤波器的补偿性能和动态响应,本文提出了一种基于同步旋转坐标系下的有源电力滤波器的新型的控制策略,通过与某指定次谐波频率同步旋转的旋转坐标变化,将该次谐波变成直流量进行PI调节,实现指定次谐波的检测和控制,然后反变换到与基波同步旋转的坐标系下进行指令的综合和PI再调节,理论上可以实现对任意指定次谐波的无静差补偿,与传统的电流环控制方法相比,补偿精度显著提高,动态响应好,在负载变化剧烈的场合具有明显的优势,也可以对非线性负载产生的谐波和无功电流进行全部补偿,以达到灵活补偿的目的。在改进的控制算法中可以灵活加入相角补偿,以补偿系统的检测环节和电流控制环引入的固有时延。理论分析和试验结果证明了提出的控制策略的优越性。     

有源电力滤波器两种检测算法的比较研究

文章研究了有源电力滤波器的两种谐波电流检测算法,ip-iq法对负载电流中的谐波进行全部检测,基于用户侧谐波和无功补偿的检测法仅对用户自身造成的谐波进行检测。仿真结果表明,通过APF补偿后,前者电源电流为正弦波,后者电源电流和电源电压保持相同的畸变率,波形相似。     

并联型有源电力滤波器的SVPWM控制技术研究

针对有源滤波器常规滞环、三角载波控制时,开关频率波动大,响应慢的缺点,引入了空间电压矢量算法。在K步时,假定K+1步,APF的补偿电流完全跟踪上了谐波指令电流,再根据APF离散的数学模型及空间电压矢量调制模块,确定第K+1步的开关管驱动信号,以达到快速补偿谐波电流的目的。仿真实验表明,基于SVPWM控制的有源滤波器具有开关频率固定,动态响应快,补偿精度高的优点。     

一种改进的自适应谐波电流检测算法

准确、实时地检测出电网中的谐波电流是保证有源电力滤波器(APF)具有良好工作性能的关键。文章提出了一种新的嵌入误差低通滤波器的变步长最小均方(Least—mean—squa re,LMS)自适应算法,该算法以检测后得到的反馈误差信号经低通滤波器与负载电流相邻的两基波周期之差的和作为反馈量来调整步长,有效地提高了系统的动态响应速度以及稳定后的检测精度。仿真实验证明了该算法的有效性和可行性。     

有源电力滤波器两种检测算法的比较研究

本文研究了有源电力滤波器的两种谐波电流检测算法,ip—iq法对负载电流中的谐波进行全部检测,基于用户侧谐波和无功补偿的检测法仅对用户自身造成的谐波进行检测。仿真结果表明,通过APF补偿后,前者电源电流为正弦波,后者电源电流和电源电压保持相同的畸变率,波形相似。     

基于双反星形整流器负载的TAPF补偿方案研究

针对目前电解电镀等工业应用中快速变化的强非线性负载产生大量谐波和无功的问题,以混合型有源电力滤波器TAPF的谐波与无功补偿技术为背景,基于双反星形整流器负载将传统的阻抗型补偿装置TSC和并联型APF相结合构成TAPF补偿系统。由TSC进行大容量无功补偿,APF进行谐波电流补偿,以使系统具有优良的谐波与无功补偿特性及自适应性,提高了电网电能质量。仿真结果表明,该TAPF补偿方案对工业中应用双反星形整流器负载所引起的一系列与谐波和无功有关的电能质量问题进行了很好的解决。     

并联型有源电力滤波器直流侧电压柔性控制策略

针对并联型有源电力滤波器的直流侧电压控制特点,提出了一种对直流侧电压进行柔性控制的并联型有源电力滤波器控制策略。该策略中,在直流侧电压控制部分引入反馈低通滤波器,削弱直流侧固有谐波对输出电流控制的影响;在电流控制的输出部分通过增加直流侧电压前馈系数,抵制在变换桥中可能引入的直流侧电压谐波影响。仿真结果表明直流侧电压柔性控制策略能够降低APF系统补偿后的电源电流总谐波畸变率,从而改善并联型有源电力滤波器的谐波补偿性能。     

一种新型恒频滞环电流控制策略研究

并联型有源电力滤波器的变环宽滞环电流控制方法是根据电流幅值的变化适时调整滞环宽度,可有效保证滤波器的补偿性能,控制开关器件的开关频率。在传统的变环宽滞环电流控制算法的基础上,加入了电流限幅和频率PI反馈控制环节,限制了较大电流的波动,提高了频率的控制精度,以及有源电力滤波器的电流补偿性能。Matlab仿真结果表明,采用新型恒频滞环电流控制算法进行电流跟踪补偿时,系统的电流总畸变率小于采用传统变环宽滞环电流控制算法时的总谐波畸变率。     

Model Reference Adaptive Control Design for a Shunt Active-Power-Filter System

In this paper, model reference adaptive control (MRAC) is proposed for a single-phase shunt active power filter (APF) to improve line power factor and to reduce line current harmonics. The proposed APF controller forces the supply current to be sinusoidal, with low current harmonics, and to be in phase with the line voltage. The advantages of using MRAC over conventional proportional-integral control are its flexibility, adaptability, and robustness; moreover, MRAC can self-tune the controller gains to assure system stability. Since the APF is a bilinear system, it is hard to design the controller. This paper will solve the stability problem when a linearization method is used to solve the nonlinearity of the system. Moreover, by using Lyapunov's stability theory and Barbalat's lemma, an adaptive law is designed to guarantee an asymptotic output tracking of the system. To verify the proposed APF system, a digital signal controller (dsPIC30F4012) is adopted to implement the algorithm of MRAC, and a 1-kVA laboratory prototype is built to test feasibility. Experimental results are provided to verify the performance of the proposed APF system.     

并联型有源滤波器空间矢量预测电流控制

为了提高有源滤波器(APF)的电流跟踪性能,本文采用电压空间矢量预测电流控制方法。该方法在当前采样时刻预测下一采样时刻的指令电流,计算出APF在下一采样时刻的输出端参考电压,再利用电压空间矢量调制得出控制开关信号,以达到电流跟踪控制目的。仿真实验表明,该方法具有更好的电流控制效果。     

Reference current estimation under distorted line voltage for control of shunt active power filters

Shunt active power filters (APF) are used in power systems for the compensation of harmonic currents generated for non linear loads. A new digital reference current estimation method for control of APF using a Kalman digital algorithm is presented. Its capability of prediction avoids the effects of computational lags derived from the digital signal processing. The characteristics of the proposed technique are: the harmonic current compensation in a global or a selective way, the fast dynamical response and its independence from disturbances in the line voltage waveform. Simulation and experimental results under distorted supply voltages demonstrate the usefulness of the presented technique to improve the filtering performance.     

Unified constant-frequency integration control of active powerfilters-steady-state and dynamics

An active power filter (APF) is a device that is connected in parallel to and cancels the reactive and harmonic currents from a group of nonlinear loads so that the resulting total current drawn from the AC mains is sinusoidal. This paper presents a unified constant-frequency integration (UCI) APF control method based on one-cycle control. This method employs an integrator with reset as its core component to control the pulse width of an AC-DC converter so that its current draw is precisely opposite to the reactive and harmonic current draw of the nonlinear loads. In contrast to previously proposed methods, there is no need to generate a current reference for the control of the converter current, thus no need for a multiplier and no need to sense the AC line voltage, the APF current, or the nonlinear load current. Only one AC current sensor is used to sense the AC main current and one DC voltage sensor is used to sense the DC capacitor voltage. The control method features constant switching frequency operation, minimum reactive and harmonic current generation, and simple analog circuitry. It provides a low cost and high performance solution for power quality control. Steady-state and dynamic study is presented in this paper. Design example is given using a two-level AC-DC boost topology. A prototype was developed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed APF. This control method is generalized to control a family of converters that are suitable for APF applications. All findings are supported by experiments and simulation     

基于PI控制的有源滤波器中的研究

提出了基于并联型三相三线制有源滤波器的优化设计的PI控制方法,该方法的优点是对检测到电流误差信号为控制对象,用滞环比较器构成区域判别器,在此基础上实行滞环电流控制。在同样的控制精度下,该方法可以有效得降低开关频率,减小有源滤波器开关损耗。计算机仿真结果验证了这一方法的有效性。     

基于无差拍控制的三电平有源滤波器研究

文章以二极管箝位型三电平有源滤波器为研究对象,详细推导了该三电平有源滤波系统在abc坐标系下与dq坐标系下的数学模型：阐述了无差拍控制原理,并构建重复预测型观测器,对指令电流进行预测,改善了系统的控制效果;采用改进型主动平衡因子法,预测直流侧中点电荷的变化趋势,控制直流侧中点电位平衡。仿真验证了该有源滤波系统性能良好。     

A series active power filter adopting hybrid control approach

The series active power filter (APF) is suitable for compensating a voltage type harmonics-producing load, whereas the control approach it adopts may directly influence its compensation characteristics. This paper first discusses the control approach of detecting source current in terms of the basic operation principle of a series APF, then developing a control approach of detecting load voltage. On the basis of these, a hybrid control approach is proposed. In this approach, the reference signal of the compensation voltage needed by the series APF is obtained by detecting both source current and load voltage. Thus, this approach has the advantages of the first and the second control approaches and, at the same time, it can overcome their respective drawbacks. For practical realization, the control methods of the PWM inverter in the series APF and for regulating its DC side voltage are discussed in detail. A prototype of the series APF is manufactured and corresponding experimental investigation is done. The results show that when the series APF, if adopting the hybrid control approach instead of the other two, compensates for the voltage type harmonics-producing load, its performance can be improved greatly     

一种基于SVPWM的无差拍控制策略研究

本文以改善控制电流的响应速度为目的,提出了一种基于SVWM的无差拍控制方法,该方法可以有效提高电流的跟踪控制能力。本文详细介绍了无差拍控制策略的算法,并且在EMTDC/PSCAD中搭建模型,进行了仿真验证。之后在由DSP控制的电力电子变流器(例如有源电力滤波器)上进行了试验验证。试验结果验证了此方法可行,且具有较好的响应速度。     

有源滤波器多目标检测策略建模研究

针对有源滤波器多个控制目标的趋势,本文采用一种能在不对称和电网电压存在畸变条件下准确提取电网中谐波或无功电流的检测方法,并搭建了PSCAD仿真模型。该模型从矢量分析角度出发,通过对三相电网电压和电流矢量在d-q坐标系下进行投影变换,实现了谐波和无功电流任意组合的提取。仿真结果验证了多目标检测策略的检测精度,该多目标检测策略也大大简化了对多目标有源滤波器的控制策略设计,模型具有很强的实用价值。