新型低损耗1×3光分路器的优化设计

针对传统Y分支光分路器损耗较大的缺陷,采用直锥形波导代替传统的直波导来减小器件的尺寸,并且采用激模波导结构设计1×3分支波导.设计中,利用辐射模和本征基模的叠加来修正光波场,通过改善模匹配来降低分支耦合损耗,并通过对对称输出弯曲分支波导的优化来降低弯曲损耗,最后在1×3光分路器中的两弯曲波导的输入端加入过渡锥形波导来降低损耗和优化分路器的输出均匀性,并用有限差分光束传播法对该1×3分支波导进行数值模拟.模拟结果表明,该结构具有均匀性好、器件尺寸小、损耗小和结构简单等优点,有利于器件的进一步集成.     

新型低损耗1×3光分路器的优化设计

针对传统Y分支光分路器损耗较大的缺陷，采用直锥形波导代替传统的直波导来减小器件的尺寸，并且采用激模波导结构设计1×3分支波导。设计中，利用辐射模和本征基模的叠加来修正光波场，通过改善模匹配来降低分支耦合损耗，并通过对对称输出弯曲分支波导的优化来降低弯曲损耗，最后在1×3光分路器中的两弯曲波导的输入端加入过渡锥形波导来降低损耗和优化分路器的输出均匀性，并用有限差分光束传播法对该1×3分支波导进行数值模拟。模拟结果表明，该结构具有均匀性好、器件尺寸小、损耗小和结构简单等优点，有利于器件的进一步集成。     

Y分支3维光波导横截面折射率分布

为了实现一个表达式同时反映Y分支光波导在纵横两方向上的折射率分布,通过对玻璃结构和离子交换过程进行分析,采用逆向分离变量法提出了基于横向和纵向两个方向折射率分布函数乘积的横截面折射率分布函数,并利用MATLAB软件对优化结果进行了编程模拟。利用Tl+-Na+离子交换法在BK7玻璃基底上制备了Y分支12型3维光波导,利用雅明干涉法对光波导横截面的折射率分布进行了测量。结果表明,利用改折射率分布函数模拟得到的Y分支光波导横截面折射率分布与雅明干涉法实验测得的结果吻合。该改进型折射率分布函数可以对Y分支光波导横截面折射率分布进行模拟,能准确快捷地对Tl+-Na+离子交换Y分支3维光波导横截面折射率分布进行重建。     

一种带有锥形多模过渡区的Y分支光波导

为减小Y分支波导的分支损耗,提出在输入波导和两输出波导间引入锥形多模过渡波导.与已被用于减小Y分支波导分支损耗的矩形多模过渡波导相比,所引入的锥形多模过渡波导,不仅可以减小过渡波导的长度,还可进一步减小分支损耗.利用三维有限差分光束传播法,对具有锥形过渡波导的退火质子交换铌酸锂Y分支光波导进行了数值模拟.数值结果为该类Y分支光波导的设计和制备提供参考.     

PLC光分路器

产品简介： ·平面波导型光分路器（PLC Splitter）是一种基于石英基板集成波导光功率分配器件,具有体积小,工作波长范围宽.可靠性高,分光均匀性好等特点.特别适用于无源光网络（EPON、BPON、GPON等）中连接局端和终端设备并实现光信号的分路.。 ·江苏永鼎股份有限公司可提供1xN和2xN全系列产品,并为客户订制适合各种场合的光分路器.所有产品均符合YD/T2000.1-2009相关标准,并通过泰尔（TLC）产品认证.     

新型宽角度、低损耗三分支波导结构及其数值模拟分析

本文提出了一种新型的宽角度等功率分配三分支波导结构,此结构包含三个高折射率微棱镜.利用有限差分束传播法(FD-BPM)对此结构进行数值模拟,结果表明,输入功率可以在大分叉角情况下等分给三分支输出;分叉角为10°时,总的传输功率可达到80.27%.通过改变棱镜折射率,可以调节输入到中心波导和外分支波导中的功率百分比.     

基于Y缺陷的改进型光子晶体光分路器

提出一种Y缺陷的改进型光子晶体光分路器,以提高输出端的透射率。在完整的二维光子晶体中引入线缺陷,构成1×4的Y型光子晶体光分路器。通过调节第一分支处的4个介质柱的半径,使其每个输出端口具有更高的透射率。同时,通过改变第二分支处的1个介质柱的半径,可以实现输出端口的高透射率和输出光能量的灵活调节。Y缺陷光子晶体光分路器可以广泛应用于未来的光路集成、集成光学、微光信息处理和光通信领域。     

PLC光分路器与信号分配

<正>光功率分配器按原理可分为微光型、光纤型、光波导通路器3类。多年来我们一直使用的是熔融拉锥光纤分路器(FBT Splitter),随着PLC(Planar Lightwave Circuit)芯片技术的发展和国产化,PLC光分路器的价格大幅度下降,得到广泛的应用。1 PLC光分路器简介平面波导型光分路器(PLC Splitter)由一个光分路器芯片和两端的光纤阵列耦合组成。PLC芯片采用     

用光均分法设计和构建多元星形光纤网络

在设计与构建星形光纤网络时,常规的方法是根据各条光纤线路的不同损耗,设计出不同分光比的光分路器,对光功率进行不均等分配,最终达到各光节点功率相等.但每个光分路器都是特制的,没有通用性,不利于设计、生产、备用和维修.文章根据目前光接收机输入功率动态范围都比较宽,允许光功率在一定范围内变化的特点,提出用光均分器合理构建和设计星形光纤网,并通过实例介绍了多元光均分网络的构建与设计方法和步骤.     

PLC光分路器

产品简介： 平而波导型光分路器（PLC Splitter）是一种基于石英基板集成波导光功率分配器件,具有体积小,工作波长范围宽．可稚性高,分光均匀性好等特点．特别适用于无源光网络（EPON、BPON、GPON等）中连接局端和终端设备并实现光信号的分路。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks