某轿车前保险杠CFD模拟仿真研究

首先使用STAR-CCM+软件对类车体模型DrivAer进行CFD仿真,由模拟气动阻力系数与风洞试验值对比验证了采用STAR-CCM+仿真平台的可行性。然后使用SolidWorks软件创建轿车模型,优化前端保险杠结构数值并仿真对比不同结构的气动阻力系数,由对比可知优化后系数有所降低,减小了气动阻力,提高了轿车气动性能,降低了燃油消耗量,达到了改进轿车燃油经济性的目的,为后续优化研究提供了基础理论。     

混合动力汽车动力性和经济性道路试验

结合混合动力汽车的特点,根据传统汽车试验标准并参考SAE J1711混合动力轿车试验方法对EQ7200HEV第一轮样车进行了道路试验。试验包括0～100 km/h加速试验、最高车速试验、最大爬坡试验及ECE15工况燃油经济性试验等。试验结果表明,试验样车可以合理、准确的实现多工况切换与控制功能,燃油经济性与基础样车比较有所提高,但需在第二轮开发时重点提高动力性、经济性方面的研究。道路试验为样车参数标定、控制策略优化及系统匹配提供了理论依据,同时对混合动力汽车试验方法进行了有益的探讨。     

混合动力电动汽车的建模与仿真研究

按照设计要求,以TJ7100轿车为设计原型,针对ISG型混合动力电动汽车(HEV),使用Simulink建立了其动力系统的动态仿真模型,重点研究并制定了相应的电力助动控制策略.在ECE循环工况下对仿真模型进行了动力性和燃油经济性分析,为搭建动力总成试验平台提供了参考依据.结果表明,所制定的控制策略能有效地较低燃油消耗,使电池SOC值维持在一定的范围内.同时,仿真结果与实际情况基本相符,从而验证了所建仿真模型的正确性和合理性.     

基于车速跟踪的商用车燃油经济性建模与仿真

针对燃油经济性仿真模型仅能计算车辆在模态工况下的燃油消耗量的问题,提出了一种基于车速跟踪的燃油经济性仿真模型的建模方法。在建立车辆纵向动力学模型、驾驶意图模型和发动机与传动系统模型的基础上,利用MATLAB/Simulink搭建了商用车燃油经济性仿真模型,并以某客车为例进行了试验与仿真对比。对比结果表明：所建模型能对商用车的任意行驶工况进行较好的车速跟踪,并能对商用车在该行驶工况下的燃油消耗量进行较为准确的仿真计算。通过更改仿真模型中的相关车辆参数,可以方便快速地进行不同动力总成配置的商用车的燃油经济性仿真计算。     

考虑CVT效率的无级变速车辆最佳经济性控制

传统的无级变速传动系统最佳经济性控制策略只考虑使发动机工作在其效率最高的工作点,并没有考虑无级变速器(Continuously variable transmission,CVT)效率对系统燃油消耗量的影响,而实际上无级变速器效率随其工况的变化在70%到95%之间变化,对系统燃油消耗量的影响是不可忽略的。在分析系统燃油消耗量与发动机效率和无级变速器效率之间关系的基础上,提出综合考虑发动机与无级变速器效率的最佳经济性控制策略,设计算法,以系统效率最高为优化目标,对各需求功率和车速下下发动机与无级变速器联合高效工作的目标转速和转矩进行计算。建立系统仿真模型,对优化前后的控制规律进行仿真对比分析,并在定车速工况下对优化前后的控制规律进行了对比试验。仿真及试验结果表明,综合考虑发动机与无级变速器效率的最佳经济性控制可以实现节油2%左右。     

汽车动力性与燃油经济性模拟仿真与传动系参数优化设计

在对汽车动力性与燃油经济性进行研究、建立了动力性和燃油经济性的计算机模拟仿真的基础上,以动力性和燃油经济性为目标函数,绘制燃油经济性-加速时间曲线.并根据燃油经济性-加速时间曲线来优化动力传动系主减速比,从而综合改善动力性和燃油经济性.     

四轮驱动混合动力轿车经济性换挡规律研究

考虑电机和电池系统的影响,对四轮驱动混合动力汽车进行了经济性换挡规律的研究。通过计算瞬时输出功率下各动力源的等效燃油消耗,让车辆行驶在综合等效油耗率最低的挡位,从而实现了整车燃油经济性最优的目标。运用MATLAB建立整车模型,仿真分析了整车各种驱动模式下的经济性换挡规律,并通过实车试验验证了所提出的经济性换挡规律的有效性。     

文丘里管废气再循环系统对涡轮增压柴油机性能影响的研究

加装文丘里管的高压废气再循环(Exhaust gas re-circulation,EGR)进气系统,在兼顾柴油机经济性、动力性的前提下,研究该进气系统对NO_x排放的影响。根据一款柴油机的基本结构建立柴油机一维仿真计算模型和燃烧室的三维仿真计算模型。在对模型进行标定和对柴油机原机性能仿真计算的基础上,为进气系统引入文丘里管装置并对其结构参数进行优化设计。应用所建立的一维和三维柴油机模型,对文丘里管EGR系统柴油机的经济性、NO_x和Soot排放特性进行仿真计算研究,并对计算结果进行试验验证。研究结果表明,优化设计的文丘里管EGR系统可使柴油机在欧洲稳态循环(European steady state cycle,ESC)各工况下实现较为理想的EGR率,并在不明显影响柴油机燃油经济性的前提下,使NO_x排放量下降了约28.4%。文丘里管进气系统可以实现较为理想的高压EGR循环,在柴油机ESC工况下(怠速除外)能够达到较为理想的EGR率。     

基于CRUISE仿真的实车验证及AT换档规律优化

对某款搭载AT变速箱的乘用车在CRUISE中进行NEDC工况的燃油经济性仿真分析。在保持整车控制策略一致的条件下,对开发车辆在转鼓上进行NEDC油耗试验。通过对试验数据与仿真数据进行对比,说明了试验结果和仿真结果基本吻合,验证了CRUISE模型的准确性和可靠性。基于发动机万有特性图,分析整车NEDC工况运行点,修正了换档规律,并再次运行仿真模型,得到了更优的燃油经济性,为整车标定进一步优化换档规律奠定了基础。     

基于ADVISOR二次开发的混合动力系统设计与仿真研究

通过建立后驱整车动力学方程,对ADVISOR进行二次开发,创建了混合动力汽车后驱动力系统模型和整车控制模型,并将中国城市公交典型工况导入ADVISOR,进行了动力性能和燃油经济性能的仿真和分析。仿真结果表明,混合动力汽车与原车型相比,燃油经济性有较大的提高,动力性也能达到设计要求,该混合动力系统具有很好的可行性。这为试验样车的开发提供了技术支持,有助于缩短混合动力汽车的研发周期、减少研发成本。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.