炉膛温度和非均匀热流密度对新设计的含碳颗粒直接还原过程的影响

本文设计了在表面上具有凹坑的新型椭圆形球团,并将其直接还原过程与椭圆形(无凹坑)和球形球团进行比较,进一步研究了炉膛温度和非均匀热流密度对上述球团直接还原过程的影响.结果表明,在还原所得金属化率方面,椭球球团优于球形球团.在非均匀热流密度的条件下,椭球球团的最终金属化率和除锌率较低.尽管具有表面凹坑的椭圆球团的传热效果...     

含铌铁矿粉氢气选择性还原实验研究

实验在自制底供气扩散床管式电阻炉内,研究不同还原时间（30～180 min）和温度（800～1 050℃）下,H2选择性还原含铌铁矿粉中铁氧化物的规律。得到950℃为最佳还原温度,还原2 h还原度达到90.98%,金属化率为86.47%,还原3 h还原度达到94.07%,金属化率为91.11%,而低于这一温度或高于这一温度时,还原度和金属化率在同样还原时间下都有所降低。     

含碳酸盐赤铁矿石浮选中矿深度还原试验研究

采用深度还原技术将东鞍山含碳酸盐赤铁矿石浮选中矿中的铁矿物还原为金属铁颗粒,再经磁选实现了铁的高效回收利用.热力学分析表明:在煤基深度还原过程中,当温度高于737℃时,FeCO3将按FeCO3→Fe3O4→FeO→Fe和FeCO3→FeO→Fe的顺序还原成金属铁;研究了还原温度、还原时间、料层厚度对还原物料金属化率的影响规律,确定了适宜的深度还原条件为:还原温度1 250℃、还原时间70min、料层厚度25mm,制备了金属化率88.71%的深度还原物料.采用预先脱碳-细磨-两段磁选的分选流程,获得了铁品位90.27%、金属化率91.18%、铁回收率91.95%的铁粉.     

铁矿含碳球团还原后性能的实验研究

通过恒温还原实验,研究C,O摩尔比（C/O）、还原温度、还原时间和煤粉粒度4个因素对铁矿含碳球团还原后金属化率、孔隙率和抗压强度等性能的影响,观察球团断面的显微结构,分析球团还原过程和强度形成机理。结果表明：随还原温度的升高和还原时间的延长,球团的孔隙率降低,铁连晶的致密度增加,抗压强度提高;在C/O为0.67,还原温度1 200℃,还原时间35 min,煤粉粒度45μm以下质量分数为98.4%的实验条件下,含碳球团还原后的金属化率88.15%,孔隙率22.05%,抗压强度2 870 N。     

钒钛磁铁精矿固态还原的强化研究

以攀枝花钒钛磁铁精矿为对象,系统研究了钒钛磁铁精矿固态还原行为及预氧化对其还原过程的强化行为,考察了预氧化温度以及预氧化时间对球团金属化率、物相变化和显微结构的影响.研究结果表明,与未氧化的还原球团相比,在900℃下氧化6min后的还原球团金属化率提高了12.86%;延长预氧化时间可以有效提高还原球团的金属化率,900℃下预氧化15min后的还原球团金属化率较氧化6min后的还原球团提高了8.08%.经过预氧化处理后,钒钛磁铁精矿的物相变化表明球团中磁铁矿氧化形成赤铁矿,且钛铁矿被氧化为TiO2和赤铁矿,随后铁板钛矿形成.钒钛磁铁精矿球团的显微结构变化表明,预氧化处理后的球团颗粒具有较多的内部空隙以及不规则的颗粒边界,从而使还原煤与铁矿颗粒的接触增强,还原性能得到改善.     

白云鄂博铁精矿含碳球团直接还原实验研究

对于白云鄂博铁精矿进行了内配碳直接还原的研究,通过正交实验考察C/O、焙烧温度和H2/CO 3个因素对金属化率的影响.得出最优的实验方案:C/O为1.1,焙烧温度为950℃,H2/CO为3:2.在最优实验方案下,球团金属化率可达89.24%,还原度为91.96%.     

鼓风炉渣碳基还原回收铅、锌、铁及尾渣环境特征

针对云南省个旧市历史遗留鼓风炉渣的安全处置，采用碳热还原-磁选方法回收铅、锌和铁，并高温固化获得稳定化尾渣.研究了温度、时间、还原剂用量对铅、锌和铁的回收影响，碳基还原过程铅、锌、铁的还原行为和磁选尾渣的环境风险.结果表明，在温度1 300℃、还原时间60 min、还原剂用量4%的条件下，铅、锌的挥发率分别达91.97%和96.96%,铁的金属化率96.94%;在磁场强度为250 MT的磁选条件下，铁的回收率78.93%,铁精矿中铁品位为90.94%.SEM-EDS和XRD分析结果表明：鼓风炉渣经高温碳热还原后，渣中铅以硫化物和铅铁矾的形式镶嵌于硅酸盐晶体中，渣中其他重金属则均匀分布在硅酸盐晶体中.磁选尾渣中铅、锌、砷、镉浸出值未超过国标GB 5085.3-2007规定限值；Tessier重金属形态分析结果显示尾渣中铅、锌、砷、镉残渣态比例相比于鼓风炉渣增大，表明鼓风炉渣碳热还原后环境风险降低，实现了鼓风炉渣的资源化及无害化.     

含碳球团强度及金属化率的影响因素

在1000～1200 ℃条件下研究了不同的矿粉粒度、配碳比、粘结剂、还原温度等对含碳球团强度及金属化率的影响.结果表明,以水玻璃为粘结剂的含碳球团具有较好的强度和金属化率.     

宝钢OMC铁矿粉气固流态化还原过程的研究

利用二步熔融还原法流态化还原宝钢OMC矿粉,分析温度、线速度、还原气体富氢率对金属化率的影响,采用极差分析方法研究影响金属化率的主次因素。实验结果表明预还原最佳工艺参数为：还原温度为800℃,线速度为0．8m／s。     

煤基还原法从镍冶炼渣中提取有价金属的研究

对镍冶炼渣的组分进行了分析,采用煤做还原剂对镍冶炼渣中金属元素进行高温还原,结果表明:主金属元素铁被还原成单质,其他有价金属元素Ni,Cu,Co以合金的形式存在于单质铁中.通过对温度、时间、配碳比和CaO添加量等反应参数的实验研究,得到了最优的反应条件,即温度为1 300℃,时间为60min,配碳比为4,CaO添加量为20%,还原产物中铁的金属化率可达到99.22%.对还原产物进行破碎-磨矿-磁选处理,可得到铁品位89.84%,金属化率96.85%,回收率92.15%,其他金属Cu,Co,Ni回收率≥85%的混合精矿.     

Sodium-modification of Ca-based bentonite via semidry process

In order to improve the quality of Hunyuan inferior Ca-based bentonite (Ca-Bent), semidry process was used to modify Ca-Bent into superior Na-based bentonite (Na-Bent). The factors affecting sodium-modification were investigated. The optimized experimental parameters are obtained as follows: Na₂CO₃ dosage 4.0%, ageing time 25 d, briquetting pressure 25 MPa and briquetting moisture 20%. Under the optimization conditions, the modified Na-Bent has a colloid value of 73.6 mL/(3g), dilation of 38 mL/g and water absorption in 2 h (2HWA) of 465%, respectively. The balling results indicate that the modified Na-Bent pellets have higher drop strength and compression strength than the Ca-Bent pellets.     

磁水球团矿抗压强度的试验研究

以包头钢铁公司全无氟铁精矿为原料，采用磁化水造球，在包头钢铁公司带式焙烧机上进行球团焙烧投笼试验。试验结果表明，在最佳试验条件Ｂ２Ｃ１Ｅ１下，成品球团矿抗压强度比目前生产中普通水造球的抗压强度提高了４５．６％。     

Preparation of pre-reduced pellet using pyrite cinder containing nonferrous metals with high temperature chloridizingreduction roasting technology—Effect of CaCl_2 additive

The role of CaCl2 during the high temperature chloridizing-reduction roasting process was investigated, aiming at acquiring high strength blast furnace burden with high iron grade and low nonferrous metals content. The effects of CaCl2 dosage on pelletizing, preheating and reduction were investigated. The results show that CaCl2 can improve the wet drop strength but reduces the thermostability of pyrite cinder green balls. When the dosage of CaCl2 exceeds 1%, the compressive strength of preheated pellets decreases while the growth of iron oxide particles is improved. Furthermore, the compressive strength of pre-reduced pellets increases but the metallization degree of pre-reduced pellets decreases with CaCl2 additive. The removal tests indicate that Zn can be removed completely without CaCl2 additive, Cu is removed only under the condition with CaCl2 additive and part of Pb must be removed by CaCl2 additive.     

鞍钢使用大比例赤铁矿生产氧化球团的研究

针对鞍山矿业大孤山球团厂生产氧化球团用磁铁矿不足的问题,进行了大比例赤铁矿生产氧化球团的实验室研究和半工业化链蓖机—回转窑生产试验．实验室研究结果表明,鞍千赤铁矿配比不超过40％时,球团矿抗压强度大于2500N／个,低温还原粉化指数RDI＋3.15大于82.05％,还原膨胀指数RSI小于15.02％,均能满足现代化大高炉生产的要求．工业试验表明,鞍千赤铁矿配比不超过40％时,生产稳定,产品质量全面满足鞍钢炼铁原料的技术要求．2011年进行了推广应用,生产实际结果表明,2011年比基准期增长创效4.2亿元．     

ZL102合金热压缩变形力学性能和微观组织的研究

研究了不同压缩比对ZL102合金的显微组织及性能的影响．实验结果表明：ZL102在铸态结构组织下,其机械性能较差,但是在经过热压缩加工以后其抗拉强度有了不同程度的提高,并且和其变形量有着直接的关系,其中压缩比为85．81oA时抗拉强度增加幅度最大;ZL102经过热压缩以后,其塑性没有明显的改善;金相组织观察表明,随着变形量的增加,晶粒细化程度增大．     

Influence of sulfur content in raw materials on oxidized pellets

The influence of sulfur content in raw materials on oxidized pellets was studied. The results show that most sulfur exists in the form of elementary sulfur in pyrite cinder, and over 95% sulfur is removed in producing pyrite cinder oxidized pellets. The compressive strength of fired pellets drops from 3 186 N to 2 405 N when the ratio of pyrite cinder increases from 40% to 70% under the conditions of preheating at 900 °C for 9 min and firing at 1 230 °C for 15 min. The porosity and microstructures of fired pellets prove that the higher ratio of pyrite cinder is given, and the more holes and cracks are achieved, leading to the better reducibility index (RI) and reduction swelling index (RSI), and the lower compressive strength of fired pellets and the worse reduction degradation index (RDI).     

Effect of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of FeCoZrWB bulk metallic glass

A Fe61Co10Zr5W4B20 bulk metallic glass (BMG) with a diameter of 2 mm was prepared by using copper mould suction casting. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), micro-hardness and compression tests were adopted to investigate the structure, thermal stability, especially, the effect of heat treatment on the micro-hardness and compression strength of this BMG. The BMG exhibits micro-hardness of about 1 207 Hv and compression fracture strength of about 1 707.6 MPa. After being annealed below the onset of crystallization temperature, the micro-hardness almost keeps constant. But after being annealed above the peak of crystallization temperature, the micro-hardness increases firstly and then declines gradually with the elongation of annealing time. However, annealed for the same period of time, the micro-hardness will increase with the rise of annealing temperature, while the compression fracture strength will apparently decrease.     

Study on stainless steelmaking dust agglomeration

A new direct recycling technology was developed to recover the valuable metals present in the stainless steelmaking dust and protect the environment. The agglomeration behavior of the dust was analyzed to ensure the requirements of the direct recycling. The main characteristics such as strength, leachability, structure and chemical composition of the pellets were investigated. SEM images show a significant amount of porosities affecting the strength of the pellets and the arrangement of particles in the pellets reveals that no recrystallization bonds are formed, resulting in the poor strength of the pellets. When lignosulfonate is applied as the binder for the agglomeration and the green pellets are dried at room temperature for 60 h, the strong pellets can be obtained without milling the dust. The result of leachability tests shows that the pellets agglomerated can not satisfy the regulations set by the environmental protection agency of US. And it will cause some environmental problems in the long storage of pellets.     

不锈钢薄板纵向受压的有限元模拟及受力性能

板件受压性能是构件力学性能研究的基础,不锈钢板件的受力性能与普通碳素钢存在较大不同.论文对不锈钢薄板纵向受压性能进行研究.根据既有试验结果建立不锈钢薄板纵向受压的有限元分析模型,通过数值分析得到其稳定曲线,提出不锈钢薄板受压极限承载力和箱型截面构件局部屈曲承载力的建议计算公式.研究表明,材料本构采用Quach方程所得数值模拟结果具有较高精度.     

Zr63Al10Ni10Cu14Nb3大块非晶合金的力学行为研究

通过电弧熔炼并利用吸铸的方法制备了长70 mm、直径3 mm的Zr63Al10Ni10Cu14Nb3大块非晶合金.热稳定性分析表明:该合金具有较大的过冷液相区.室温压缩实验显示合金具有很高的屈服强度,在合金发生屈服之后应力-应变曲线上有明显的锯齿现象和一个明显的应变软化阶段.结合断口形貌特征,分析并讨论了非晶合金的剪切断裂机理.