基于RCM的轨道交通车辆计划维修任务确定方法研究

RCM(以可靠性为中心的维修)分析是目前制定高端装备计划维修要求的主流方法,旨在保证装备固有安全性及服务可靠性前提下,最大限度降低维修成本。依据我国轨道交通产品(如高速动车组)运维特点,本文阐述了基于国际标准的轨道交通产品RCM分析方法,并结合具体分析案例,通过RCM分析结果与现有检修规程计划维修任务对比分析,说明了应用RCM分析开发检修规程的优越性。     

复杂装备故障预测与健康管理系统初探

故障预测与健康管理(PHM)系统是新型维修保障模式—自主后勤保障的重要组成部分,对提高复杂装备的战备完好性和降低维修成本具有重要意义;首先介绍PHM系统基本概念及主要组成,并对在复杂装备全寿命周期实施PHM的必要性进行分析;综合论述了PHM系统实现中的关键支撑技术:基于RCM分析的方案设计、基于匹配度的健康状态评估和基于剩余寿命预测的维修决策;最后给出了PHM系统在无人机装备中的应用实例;国内外应用情况表明,PHM系统可显著提高维修保障效率并降低维修保障费用,可实现经济可承受性目标。     

军区车辆维修保障管理系统分析与设计

针对军区装备综合管理平台下的车辆维修及保障自动化管理信息系统的需求,分析设计军区车辆维修管理系统,主要为军区工兵团汽车、机车等装备维修保障提供服务,实现车辆维修保障信息的透明化和共享性。通过定制和优化业务流程,降低各业务岗位的工作强度,降低维修保障成本,提升装备保障能力。     

S4000P规范下装备预防性维修分析方法的研究

在装备多样化以及演习实战化背景下,如何高效且经济的对装备进行保障,已成为影响部队战斗力的重要因素,为此,西方发达国家制定了一系列有关装备保障的国际规范集。首先,阐述了国际规范间的数据关系,重点对有关制定和持续改进预防性维修任务的S4000P进行了介绍,该规范在装备保障工作中起到了承上启下的关键作用。其次,分析了预防性维修任务定义的工作流程以及涉及到的方法,包括确定分析系统、系统故障模式及其影响分析、功能故障层级、预防性维修任务定义分析、维修间隔分析。最后,通过某装备刹车系统为实例对该方法的适用性进行了验证,结果证明了方法的有效性,对国内开展装备综合保障相关工作具有一定的指导意义。     

关于航空维修安全工作的若干思考

航空维修安全工作是保证航空装备质量和装备安全的关键,强化航空维修工作人员采取科学、正确、高效的维修保障措施对保障飞行安全具有重要意义。本文通过对航空维修保障人员加强质量安全教育,综合提高作业人员的整体素质,建立健全维修安全法规,严格执行维修制度等相关措施,切实提高航空装备的整体维修安全水平。     

基于ARM7的自行火炮火控系统测控平台研究

自行火炮是当今世界各国地面压制火力的重点装备,火控系统作为自行火炮的重要组成部分,对于火炮的远程射击和精确命中至关重要;当前,专用维修检测设备的缺乏给自行火炮火控系统的装备保障带来较大困难;在对部队装备维修的实际需要、装备维修的特点以及基于ARM7的嵌入式系统等进行深入分析研究的基础上,设计了一套基于ARM7的自行火炮火控系统综合测控平台;平台集测试与控制、故障诊断和专家系统、远程支援、信息管理于一体,为装备使用和维修人员实施快速、高效的保障提供了很好的硬件和软件环境;使用表明,测控平台提高了装备保障的效益和效率。     

基于可拓层次分析法的维修保障装备种类确定研究

组建合成旅后,部队作战装备进行了大范围的融合,现有的维修保障装备已无法与作战装备的保障需求相适应,不利于战时维修保障任务的完成。针对该问题,利用可拓层次分析法对维修保障装备的种类确定进行研究。以部队完成战时维修保障任务为目标,通过对战时维修保障任务进行分析确定维修保障装备功能需求;运用可拓层次分析法计算每类作战装备对维修保障装备功能需求的权重,并设置合理阈值,将小于该阈值权重剔除,得到各作战装备不同的维修保障装备功能需求,从而实现维修保障装备与作战装备的合理匹配,为维修保障力量体系装备要素的构建打下理论基础。     

基于RCM的设备维修管理平台研究与开发

以可靠性为中心的维修(Reliability-centered Maintenance,RCM)在设备维修方面有着重要意义.预防性维修是RCM的重要内容.该文在几种优化的预防性维修策略基础上,重点研究了周期预防性维修.根据经济性的原则,得出了装备最佳保养周期的计算方法,并用MATLAB仿真进行了验证.利用C#和MATL...     

装备维修经济分析浅论

武器装备的维修活动必须讲求经济效益。针对现役武器装备维修保障建设中的弊端,利用经济学原理,从最佳预防性维修工时和装备大修的经济界限入手,对武器装备的维修工作进行了经济分析。按维修费用最小原则确定了最佳预防性维修工时,通过研究比较旧装备与新装备的等值费用现值明确了装备大修的经济界限,从而有效地提高武器装备维修效能,降低维修保障费用,为现役武器装备维修保障的实施提供了一个良好的思考方向。     

RCM模型决策系统设计

对RCM模型决策系统进行了需求分析,确定了进行模型辅助RCM决策所需的信息,数据处理方式以及如何利用模型辅助决策。所需的信息包括故障信息、维修信息和费用信息等,数据处理主要是对原始故障及维修数据的统计分析,模型主要用于计算最佳工作间隔期和评估工作组合。设计了RCM模型决策系统框架结构及详细流程,改变了以前RCM分析的工作方式,实现了主客观相结合,加强了数据审核,为RCM分析质量提供了保证。提出了系统实现的关键技术,给出了可供参考的实现方法。     

A framework for effective management of condition based maintenance programs in the context of industrial development of E-Maintenance strategies

CBM (Condition Based Maintenance) solutions are increasingly present in industrial systems due to two main circumstances: rapid evolution, without precedents, in the capture and analysis of data and significant cost reduction of supporting technologies. CBM programs in industrial systems can become extremely complex, especially when considering the effective introduction of new capabilities provided by PHM (Prognostics and Health Management) and E-maintenance disciplines. In this scenario, any CBM solution involves the management of numerous technical aspects, that the maintenance manager needs to understand, in order to be implemented properly and effectively, according to the company’s strategy. This paper provides a comprehensive representation of the key components of a generic CBM solution, this is presented using a framework or supporting structure for an effective management of the CBM programs. The concept “symptom of failure”, its corresponding analysis techniques (introduced by ISO 13379-1 and linked with RCM/FMEA analysis), and other international standard for CBM open-software application development (for instance, ISO 13374 and OSA-CBM), are used in the paper for the development of the framework. An original template has been developed, adopting the formal structure of RCM analysis templates, to integrate the information of the PHM techniques used to capture the failure mode behaviour and to manage maintenance. Finally, a case study describes the framework using the referred template.     

Computer-aided RCM-based plant maintenance management system

In most of the industries, classical reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) is employed to decide the maintenance strategies using reliability data without having adequate interaction with the design and operational systems. This means that the RCM process will be conducted with no or limited access to the design and operational data/knowledge. Commonly, the developed maintenance strategies are implemented and managed within the computerized maintenance management system (CMMS), which is usually separate from the RCM automated environment. This paper presents the detailed system design and mechanism of improved RCM process as integrated with CMMS. The proposed solution is integrated with design and operational systems and consolidates some successful maintainability approaches to formulate an effective solution for optimized plant maintenance. The major components of the enhanced RCM process are identified and a prototype system is implemented as integrated with the various modules of the adopted CMMS (MAXIMO™). A case study is used to show the effectiveness of the proposed RCM-based CMMS solution in optimizing plant maintenance over the traditional approaches.     

Teamwork support in a knowledge-based information systemsenvironment

Development assistance for interactive database applications (DAIDA) is an experimental environment for the knowledge-assisted development and maintenance of database-intensive information systems from object-oriented requirements and specifications. Within the DAIDA framework, an approach to integrate different tasks encountered in software projects via a conceptual modeling strategy has been developed. Emphasis is put on integrating the semantics of the software development domain with aspects of group work, on social strategies to negotiate problems by argumentation, and on assigning responsibilities for task fulfillment by way of contracting. The implementation of a prototype is demonstrated with a sample session     

An industrial case study on the use of UML in software maintenance and its perceived benefits and hurdles

UML is a commonly-used graphical language for the modelling of software. Works regarding UML’s effectiveness have studied projects that develop software systems from scratch. Yet the maintenance of software consumes a large share of the overall time and effort required to develop software systems. This study, therefore, focuses on the use of UML in software maintenance. We wish to elicit the practices of the software modelling used during maintenance in industry and understand what are perceived as hurdles and benefits when using modelling. In order to achieve a high level of realism, we performed a case study in a multinational company’s ICT department. The analysis is based on 31 interviews with employees who work on software maintenance projects. The interviewees played different roles and provided complementary views about the use, hurdles and benefits of software modelling and the use of UML. Our study uncovered a broad range of modelling-related practices, which are presented in a theoretical framework that illustrates how these practices are linked to the specific goals and context of software engineering projects. We present a list of recommended practices that contribute to the increased effectiveness of software modelling. The use of software modelling notations (like UML) is considered beneficial for software maintenance, but needs to be tailored to its context. Various practices that contribute to the effective use of modelling are commonly overlooked, suggesting that a more conscious holistic approach with which to integrate modelling practices into the overall software engineering approach is required.     

考虑测试工作量与覆盖率的软件可靠性模型

为了进一步提升现有非齐次泊松过程类软件可靠性增长模型的拟合与预计精度,首先,提出一个同时考虑测试工作量与测试覆盖率的NHPP类软件可靠性建模框架.在此基础上,将变形S型测试工作量函数(IS-TEF)以及Logistic测试覆盖率函数(LO-TCF)带入该建模框架,建立了一个新的软件可靠性增长模型,即IS-LO-SRGM.同时,还对利用该框架进行建模过程中的两个重要问题进行了描述与分析,即如何确定具体的TEF和TCF以及模型参数估计.然后,在两组真实的失效数据集上,利用该建模框架建立了最为合适的增长模型,即IS-LO-SRGM,并将该模型与8种经典NHPP模型进行对比.实例验证结果表明,所提出的IS-LO-SRGM模型具有最为优秀的拟合与预计性能,从而证明新建模框架的有效性和实用性.最后,对不完美排错情况进行了初步的讨论与建模分析.     

面向业务的E-维护知识供应模型

为使E-维护中的知识支持维护任务,提出面向业务的知识供应模型。采用维护知识概念本体规范任务描述、维护对象和知识功能,通过知识对象本体集成知识资源。将知识供应的需求和权限集成到业务过程中,构建维护知识供应信息模型,建立知识匹配方法控制知识供应。在某石化企业E-维护平台上的应用结果表明,该模型能提升企业的维护水平。     

Function-class decomposition: a hybrid software engineering method

In addition to offering a simple yet powerful method for decomposing a system, function-class decomposition (FCD) produces an architecture that is more supportive than traditional object-oriented decomposition for several software engineering tasks. A hybrid method that integrates structured analysis with an OO approach, FCD identifies classes in parallel with decomposing the system into a hierarchy of functional modules. Recently, developers extended FCD to integrate UML concepts. Useful for partitioning a system for distribution, the FCD hierarchy provides a framework for controlling development in a distributed software engineering environment. It also helps identify and integrate components in component-based development and supports the system life-cycle maintenance phase. Further, FCD addresses many of the initial analysis and design problems inherent in large and complex OO systems. The authors' experience with testing FCD on several applications validates its compatibility with OO methodologies and modeling techniques     

基于虚拟现实的军用后勤装备维修训练系统模型设计

通过研究分析虚拟现实理论和特点,结合后勤装备维修训练系统要素和具体要求,探索一种适应部队信息化建设发展的数字化维修训练系统,即基于虚拟现实的后勤装备虚拟维修训练系统。从系统模型组织结构入手,深入分析了各层次内涵,为建立具体装备的虚拟维修训练系统提供了理论基础。