V2O5-WO3-MoO3/TiO2催化剂用于NH3选择性还原减排NOx的性能（英文）

The V2O5-WO3-MoO3/TiO2 honeycomb catalyst was prepared with industrial grade chemicals. The structural and physico-chemical properties were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and mercury porosimetry. The NOx conversion and durability were investigated on a pilot plant test set under the actual operational conditions of a coal fired boiler. The catalyst monolith had good formability with mass percentage of V:W:Mo:TiO2 :fiber glass= 1:4.5:4.5:72:18. Vanadium, tungsten and molybdenum species were highly dispersed on anatase TiO2 without causing the transformation of anatase TiO2 to rutile by calcining under a current of air at 450℃ for 4.5 h, but there were some degrees of crystal distortion. The catalyst particle sizes were almost uniform with close pile-up and the pore structure was regular with complete macro-pore formation and large specific surface area. The NOx conversion was sensitive to temperature but nearly insensitive to NH3 . The catalyst showed strong adaptability to NOx concentration with activity above 80% in the range of 615-1640 mg·m-3 . Within the range of 720-8640 h continuous operation, the NOx conversion dropped at a rate of about 1% reduction per 600 h.     

结构优化的异质Ca(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3/CaTiO3薄膜介电性能

采用Pechini方法,在Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si(100)基板上沉积了均质Ca(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 (CMT),CaTiO₃(CT)和堆叠次序不同以及摩尔比不同的异质Ca(Mg_1/3Ta_2/3)O₃/CaTiO₃(CMT/CT)薄膜。结果表明:以CT为底层的异质CMT/CT薄膜可以形成单一的钙钛矿结构,以CMT为底层的异质薄膜则有杂相产生。对于以CT为底层的不同摩尔比的异质CMT/CT薄膜,随着CMT含量的增加,异质薄膜中CT的衍射峰逐渐减小至消失,而CMT的结晶度变得更强,这说明以CT为缓冲层将有助于上层的CMT形成钙钛矿相。介电性能研究表明:异质CMT/CT薄膜的介电常数高度依赖于CMT的含量,而介电损耗不但与CMT含量有关,还与异质薄膜中界面数有关。当n(CMT):n(CT)=1:1 (摩尔比)时,异质的CMT/CT薄膜的介电常数和损耗分别为56和0.038。     

g-C3N4/Fe3O4/MnO2光催化剂制备及光催化性能研究

以尿素和铁盐为原料，负载了MnO₂，利用原位沉淀法与煅烧法制备g-C₃N₄/Fe₃O₄/MnO₂复合材料。使用XRD、FT-IR、UV-Vis DRS对合成的部分光催化剂进行表征。结果表明：g-C₃N₄为类石墨的层状结构，Fe₃O₄和Mn O₂通过分子间作用力与g-C₃N₄复合。在不同反应条件下的可见光诱导的光催化实验表明，当m(Mn)∶m(g-C₃N₄/Fe₃O₄)=1∶1时，g-C₃N₄/Fe₃O₄/MnO₂复合材料具有出色的降解污染物的能力，其中光降解反应的优化条件为g-C₃N     

Fe2O3/Ni2O3/Al2O3催化剂制备及其催化氧化靛蓝废水研究

以三氧化二铝为载体,采用浸渍沉淀法制备系列Fe2O3/Ni2O3/Al2O3催化剂。采用TG-DTA,XRD及ESEM等技术对催化剂进行表征,确定催化剂的最佳焙烧温度为460℃。以次氯酸钠为氧化剂,同时考察m(三氧化二镍)/m(三氧化二铝)、m(三氧化二铁)/m(三氧化二镍)、m(次氯酸钠)∶m(靛蓝废水)、pH对印染靛蓝废水处理的影响。结果表明:m(三氧化二镍)/m(三氧化二铝)=0.3,m(三氧化二铁)/m(三氧化二镍)=0.04,m(次氯酸钠)∶m(靛蓝废水)=1∶11,pH=7,反应温度为20℃,常压反应时间为2 h时,COD的去除率为95.3%。     

Crystallographic characterization of silicon nitride ceramics sintered with Y2O3–Al2O3 or E2O3–Al2O3 additions

Silicon nitride ceramics were sintered using Y₂O₃–Al₂O₃ or E₂O₃–Al₂O₃ (E₂O₃ denotes a mixed oxide of Y₂O₃ and rare-earth oxides) as sintering additives. The intergranular phases formed after sintering was investigated using high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD). The use of synchrotron radiation enabled high angular resolution and a high signal to background ratio. Besides the appearance of β-Si₃N₄ phase the intergranular phases Y₃Al₅O₁₂ (YAG) and Y₂SiO₅ were identified in both samples. The refinement of the structural parameters by the Rietveld method indicated similar crystalline structure of β-Si₃N₄ for both systems used as sintering additive. On the other hand, the intergranular phases Y₃Al₅O₁₂ and Y₂SiO₅ shown a decrease of the lattice parameters, when E₂O₃ was used as additive, indicating the formation of solid solutions of E₃Al₅O₁₂ and E₂SiO₅, respectively.     

Al2O3/Fe2O3吸附剂脱除硫化氢的性能

采用共沉淀法制备了氧化铝改性的氧化铁吸附剂,并采用比表面积(BET)、X射线衍射(XRD)技术对吸附剂进行了表征。在固定吸附床上,考察了制备条件及吸附条件对吸附剂脱除硫化氢性能的影响。结果表明,引入氧化铝能显著提高氧化铁对硫化氢的吸附净化能力。氧化铁与氧化铝质量比为1∶0.5,造孔剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)质量分数为2%,焙烧温度500℃时,采用共沉淀法的负载氧化铝吸附剂的吸附效果最好。在气速20 mL/min,吸附温度80℃时,脱硫率和穿透硫容可分别达到99.3%和105 mg/g,其穿透硫容比未经改性的活性氧化铁提高了49.8 mg/g。     

Temperature-independent and enhanced dielectric properties for two-layer structure capacitors with 0.8Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3–0.2PbTiO3–MnO and 0.7Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3–0.3PbTiO3–MnO ceramics

This study fabricates capacitors with two-layer structure and different compositions, 0.8Pb(Fe_2/3W_1/3)O₃–0.2PbTiO₃–MnO and 0.7Pb(Fe_2/3W_1/3)O₃–0.3PbTiO₃–MnO, by using the conventional solid state oxide reaction method. By using the temperature compensation effect and adjusting the thickness ratio of the two layers with different compositions, the temperature–dielectric peak is enhanced and smoothed. The dielectric loss, space charge polarization and dc conduction are suppressed at the highest temperature region. Furthermore, the Maxwell–Wagner model is used to fit and explain the dielectric behaviors. This study also provides suggestions and discussion related to the effect of the interfacial region based on the experimental data and fitting results.     

H2O2处理H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3光催化降解有机染料

采用浸渍法将H3PW12O40负载在ZrO2-WO3上,通过H2O2溶液的敏化,制得H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3(x)光催化剂。然后以光降解甲基橙为探针反应,对各反应影响因素进行了探究。在甲基橙初始质量浓度为5 mg/L,溶液pH=2.5,催化剂用量为0.3 g的优化条件下,光降解2 h,甲基橙的降解率达到91.2%,光催化降解甲基橙溶液为一级动力学反应。且H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3(x)对罗丹明B、碱性品红和和亚甲基蓝也具有较高的光催化活性,降解率分别为70.0%、73.0%和73.5%。     

多元复合Co3O4/g-C3N4光催化性能研究进展

Co₃O₄/g-C₃N₄材料是一种可见光复合光催化材料，但很难同时满足理想光催化剂的诸多要求，限制了其实际应用能力。本文梳理了国内外利用金属粒子、金属氧化物、金属基材料、碳材料和磁性Fe₃O₄等对Co₃O₄/g-C₃N₄复合改性的研究进展，介绍了其制备方法、应用、光催化增强机理等。本文将对后期Co₃O₄/g-C₃N₄光催化剂的改性研究提供参考，以期获得性能更优的复合材料。     

Stress-dependent ferroelectric properties of Pb(Zr1/2Ti1/2)O3–Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramic systems

Effects of compressive stress on the ferroelectric properties of ceramics in PZT–PZN systems were investigated. (1 − x)Pb(Zr_1/2Ti_1/2)O₃(xPb(Zn_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃ or (1 − x)PZT–(x)PZN (x = 0.1–0.5) ceramics were prepared by a conventional mixed-oxide method. The ferroelectric properties under compressive stress of the PZT–PZN ceramics were observed at stress levels up to 170 MPa using a compressometer in conjunction with a modified Sawyer–Tower circuit. It was found that with increasing compressive stress the area of the ferroelectric hysteresis (P–E) loops, the saturation polarization (P_sat), the remanent polarization (P_r), and the coercive field (E_c) decreased. These results were interpreted through the non-180° ferroelectric domain switching processes.     

Al2O3包覆LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2锂离子电池正极材料

综述了Al2O3包覆LiNi(1/3)Co(1/3)Mn(1/3)O2锂离子电池正极材料的研究现状与进展,并评述了其制备方法和包覆改性;讨论了包覆改善该正极材料性能的机理;提出了这种正极材料的研发过程中的一些问题并对其未来的发展前景作了展望。     

Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3 modified BiFeO3–BaTiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with high temperature stability

Lead-free high-temperature ceramics with compositions of 0.71BiFe_1−x(Zn_1/2Ti_1/2)_xO₃–0.29BaTiO₃ (BFZTx–BT, x=0–0.05 mol fraction) were fabricated by a conventional solid state reaction method. The effect of Bi(Zn_1/2Ti_1/2)O₃ (BZT) addition on the microstructure, electrical properties, relaxor behavior, and temperature stability has been studied. XRD patterns revealed that all compositions formed a single perovskite phase of pseudo-cubic crystal structure. The grain size was slightly affected by BZT addition. The diffuse phase transition and strong frequency dispersion of dielectric permittivity are observed for BZT modified ceramics. The addition of BZT into BFZTx–BT was also found to affect the piezoelectric properties and temperature stability of the ceramics with maximum values observed for x=0.5% and 1% BFZTx–BT compositions, respectively. The optimum piezoelectric properties with d₃₃=163 pC/N, together with high-temperature stability with a depolarization temperature T_d∼380 °C, reveal the BFZTx–BT ceramics to be promising high-temperature Pb-free piezoelectric materials.     

Physical properties of pseudo quaternary Na2B4O7 – SiO2 – MoO3 – Dy2O3 glasses

Pseudo quaternary Na₂B₄O₇–SiO₂–MoO₃–Dy₂O₃ glasses with various concentrations of Dy₂O₃ were synthesized and characterized by ultrasound, DTA and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that, the density, the molar volume and the elastic moduli increased while the ultrasonic velocities and the packing density decreased with increasing of Dy₂O₃ concentration. The lower values of the radii and the bond length of B₂O₃, compared to those of Dy₂O₃, decreased the interatomic forces between the reactant glass forming cations and oxygens inside the glassy network. Accordingly, this will increase the molar volume and in the same time will decrease the average cross-link density, the ultrasonic velocities, the glass transition temperature and the thermal stability. Also, this may result in a high density glass sample which will increase the elastic moduli. Based on Lasocka's model, a good correlation between the temperature of both glass transition ($T_{\mathit{gl}}$) and crystallization peak ($T_{\mathit{pc}})$was observed.     

High energy density capacitors based on 0.88BaTiO3–0.12Bi(Mg0.5, Ti0.5)O3/PbZrO3 multilayered thin films

Multilayered thin films consisting of both 0.88BaTiO₃–0.12Bi(Mg_0.5,Ti_0.5)O₃ ferroelectric layers and PbZrO₃ antiferroelectric layers were prepared by sol–gel method, exhibiting high dielectric permittivity, large polarization, high recoverable energy storage density and high energy storage efficiency. A maximum polarization of 93 μC/cm², recoverable energy storage density of 24.7 J/cm³ and energy storage efficiency of ~60% have been achieved at an electric field of 1050 kV/cm. Furthermore, the energy storage performance of the multilayered thin films was improved by modified layer-by-layer annealing process, where larger polarization (115 μC/cm²), higher recoverable energy storage density (33 J/cm³) and higher energy storage efficiency (~70%) were obtained.     

KF/K2CO3/γ-Al2O3催化合成反式阿魏酸

香兰素与丙二酸于乙酸正丁酯中,在KF/K2CO3/γ-Al2O3催化作用下,经Knoevenagel制得反式阿魏酸。收率为65.4%,纯度达到99.7%。     

Cu2(NO3)(OH)3催化过硫酸盐降解苯酚

基于过硫酸盐的高级氧化工艺在高浓度含酚废水处理中引起了越来越多的关注。我们研究了Cu₂（NO₃）（OH）₃和过硫酸盐对于废水中苯酚的降解效果和机理。结果表明,Cu₂（NO₃）（OH）₃-过硫酸盐体系在较广泛的pH条件下（pH值为5.0~10.0）对苯酚的降解效率均较高。溶液中的总有机碳（TOC）分析表明,在pH值为8.0,1 g·L^-1过硫酸盐和1 g·L^-1 Cu₂（NO₃）（OH）₃条件下,该体系可在4 h内将初始浓度为100 mg·L^-1的苯酚完全矿化而没有产生二次污染。猝灭剂实验和电子顺磁共振（EPR）分析进一步证实Cu₂（NO₃）（OH）₃-过硫酸盐体系中的主要氧化物种是O₂^·-、SO₄^·-和¹O₂。     

YF3和PrF3共掺杂SrF2陶瓷的显微结构与光谱特性

采用化学沉淀法合成了SrF₂粉末原料,真空热压烧结制备了不同YF₃掺杂量的Pr,Y:SrF₂透明陶瓷,研究了缓冲离子(Y³⁺)对Pr:SrF₂透明陶瓷透过率、显微结构及光谱特性的影响。结果表明,陶瓷样品具有较高的光学质量,YF₃掺杂量为5.0%(质量分数)的Pr,Y:SrF₂陶瓷具有最高的透过率,其400 nm和1 200 nm波长处的透过率分别为90.1%和89.4%。高掺杂量下,Y³⁺能够显著的促进陶瓷晶粒的生长,当YF₃掺杂量为10.0%时,陶瓷的晶粒尺寸超过200μm。此外,Y³⁺缓冲离子可以有效提高透明陶瓷的吸收能力,并通过改变陶瓷基体内Pr³⁺的团簇及局域配位结构,调控Pr,Y:SrF₂透明陶瓷的光谱特性。     

基于Fe2O3的片状α-Al2O3包覆研究

首先以片状α-Al₂O₃为基质,以Fe Cl₃为铁源,采用液相沉积法制备了Fe₂O₃/α-Al₂O₃珠光颜料,并借助SEM、EDS、XRD等手段对制备的珠光颜料进行性能表征,考察了反应p H值、反应温度、铁盐浓度、添加剂用量等因素对片状α-Al₂O₃包覆率的影响,得到了制备铁系包覆片状α-Al₂O₃的最佳制备工艺参数,同时了解了各参数影响包覆率的主次顺序,并在此基础上着重探讨了六偏磷酸钠对包覆率产生影响的机理。结果表明：影响包覆率的主次顺序依次为反应p H值、反应温度、添加剂用量、铁盐浓度;在最优的工艺参数下制备出来Fe₂O₃/α-Al₂O₃的包覆率为20.93%;样品的表面形貌光滑平整且包覆完整。