一种基于区域分割和M带小波变换的图像融合算法

针对目前小波域图像融合所存在的问题,文中阐述了一种基于区域分割和M带小波变换的图像融合算法,在图像配准的基础上对各幅源图像进行M带小波分解,由分解结果产生图像纹理向量,对纹理向量进行聚类,形成源图像的多尺度区域分割,通过区域重叠得到指导融合的联合区域分割图像,然后进行图像融合;此算法充分利用了图像中体现象素间关系的区域信息和M带小波变换在能量紧致性和方向选择性等方面的优势;仿真实验表明,该算法的结果不论在主观视觉效果还是在客观评价指标方面都优于传统的二带小波融合算法.     

基于区域的图像融合方法

针对传统像素级图像融合方法割裂像素间联系的问题,提出了一种基于区域的图像融合方法.首先对源图像进行离散小波框架分解,对其中一幅的低频子图利用模糊c均值聚类方法进行区域分割,并将区域表示线性映射到其他源图像.然后利用区域小波系数的结构相似度和区域能量构造融合规则,依据融合后的系数重构可得到融合图像.实验结果表明该方法能够有效地融合源图像信息并保持源图像特征.     

基于小波变换的自适应脉冲耦合神经网络图像融合

针对同一场景多聚焦图像的融合问题,提出了一种基于小波变换的自适应脉冲耦合神经网络（PCNN）图像融合方法。首先,对源图像进行小波分解,得到不同尺度下的子带图像;然后,在小波域中利用PCNN的同步脉冲激发特性,制定基于PCNN的融合规则;使用不同尺度下的小波系数的拉普拉斯能量（EOL）作为对应神经元的链接强度,经过PCNN点火得到源图像在小波域中的点火映射图;通过判决选择算子,选择点火次数多的小波系数作为对应的融合系数,然后进行区域一致性检验,获到最终的融合系数;最后,对融合后的系数进行小波逆变换得到融合图像。实验结果表明,该方法更有效地提取原始图像的特征信息,提高融合图像的视觉效果,在主观视觉效果与客观性能指标上均优于传统的图像融合方法。     

基于冗余小波变换与引导滤波的多聚焦图像融合

针对传统多尺度变换在多聚焦图像融合中存在的边缘晕圈问题,提出了一种基于冗余小波变换与引导滤波的多聚焦图像融合算法。首先,利用冗余小波变换对图像进行多尺度分解,将源图像分解为一个相似平面和一系列小波平面,该多尺度分解能够有效地提取源图像中的细节信息;然后,对相似平面和小波平面分别采用引导滤波的加权融合规则来构造加权映射,从而得到相似平面和小波平面的加权融合系数;最后,进行冗余小波逆变换,即可得到融合结果图。实验结果表明,与传统融合算法相比,所提算法能够更好地体现图像边缘的细节特征,取得了较好的融合效果。     

基于多尺度形态小波变换的红图增强算法

针对红外图像对比度差、信噪比低的特点,本文将小波分析与数学形态学相结合,提出了一种基于多尺度形态小波变换的红外图像边缘增强算法.该算法首先利用多尺度形态小波变换对图像进行分解,提取图像的多尺度边缘特征,然后通过非线性增强算子来改变边缘特征的强度,最后利用多尺度形态小波反变换重构图像,以实现图像边缘的对比度增强和背景抑制.实验结果表明,该算法有效地保持和增强了边缘信息,得到较好的增强效果.     

利用分水岭分割的多分辨率遥感图像融合算法

对全色图像和多光谱图像进行融合可以获得更加清晰的图像信息。提出了一种基于分水岭分割和小波变换的多分辨率图像融合算法。利用正交小波变换得到原图像的小波金字塔表示。对近似图像进行分水岭分割,并且用小波逆变换把原始分割结果逐步映射回更高的分辨率层。通过联合区域分析,得到各层的联合区域分割图,并用此图来指导各层小波系数的融合。对融合系数进行小波逆变换,得到融合的图像。实验结果表明,该法对遥感图像的融合十分有效,能很好地兼顾融合图像的光谱质量和空间清晰度。     

一种基于区域分割的多尺度遥感图像融合方法

光谱保持和高分辨率保留是图像融合的重要问题,提出了一种区域分割和小波变换相结合的多尺度遥感图像融合方法。首先对经过配准的待融合图像进行小波变换,然后对变换后的低频系数进行基于区域标准差的分割,将低频系数分为目标信息和背景信息,接着对目标信息采取基于绝对值的融合,对背景信息采用基于灰度误差的融合。对小波变换后的高频系数采用基于清晰度的融合规则,最后进行小波逆变换得到融合图像。将该方法和几种常用融合方法进行对比分析,结果表明:该方法在有效地保持多光谱影像光谱信息的同时,可以有效地提高融合影像的空间细节信息,有利于后续进行信息提取和图像分类。     

基于小波变换的PCNN多传感器图像融合

利用PCNN（Pulse Coupled Neural Network）在图像处理中的独特优势,提出了一种基于小波变换的PCNN多传感器图像融合方法。对源图像进行小波分解,得到不同尺度下的子带图像;在小波域中利用PCNN的同步脉冲激发特性,制定基于PCNN的融合规则;使用不同尺度下的小波系数的SF（Spatial Frequency）作为对应神经元的链接强度,经过PCNN点火得到源图像在小波域中的点火映射图;通过判决选择算子,选择点火次数多的小波系数作为对应的融合系数,进行区域一致性检验,获到最终的融合系数;对融合后的系数进行小波逆变换得到融合图像。实验结果表明,该方法有效地综合源图像中的重要信息,得到更好视觉效果和更优量化指标的融合图像,在主客观评价上均优于小波、PCNN等方法。     

基于二次融合多特征的多聚焦图像融合

以多聚焦图像为研究对象,提出一种新的基于二次融合多特征的融合方法.利用模糊C-均值聚类算法(FCM)在多特征形成的特征空间上对图像区域分割,并在此基础上执行多尺度小波分解.然后,获取源图像区域特征矩阵,经过二维主成分分析(2DPCA)变换后进行特征融合,根据融合后的特征计算区域中每个窗体的特征隶属度.引入模糊指标判断区域中窗体的模糊性,应用模糊熵和窗体能量获得加权因子,从而得到融合图像的小波系数,利用小波逆变换得到融合图像.     

基于改进型WBCT的多光谱图像融合方法

针对多光谱图像的融合问题,以提升小波变换代替传统小波变换,提出一种改进的WBCT方法。利用该方法对源图像进行多尺度分解,得到高频和低频分量,采用不同的融合规则对其进行处理,得到融合后的系数,并通过逆变换得到融合图像。实验结果表明,与Contourlet变换和提升小波变换相比,改进方法的融合效果有明显提升。     

基于粗糙集理论的图像分割智能决策方法

尽管如今已有多种图像分割算法,但是没有任何一种分割方法能够适用于所有的图像.为了使图像跟踪系统能根据图像特征自适应选取分割算法,给出了一种基于粗糙集理论的图像分割智能决策方法.该方法首先选取若干具代表性的分割算法构成算法库,并用它们对各种样本图像进行分割;然后利用从样本图像中提取出来的各种数值特征,并根据图像分割质量评价标准评判出各样本图像的最优分割算法,用其构成决策信息表;最后应用粗糙集理论来对决策信息表进行离散化处理和属性约简,以生成图像分割算法选取的决策规则.该决策方法解决了图像跟踪系统中分割算法选取的一系列难题.实验证明,该决策方法能比较有效地根据系统所处理图像的特征选取出算法库中最优的分割算法,并可满足车载图像跟踪系统的实时性要求.     

Fuzzy segmentation of video shots using hybrid color spaces and motion information

Video segmentation can be defined as the process of partitioning video into spatio-temporal objects that are homogeneous in some feature space, with the choice of features being very important to the success of the segmentation process. Fuzzy segmentation is a semi-automatic region-growing segmentation algorithm that assigns to each element in an image a grade of membership in an object. In this paper, we propose an extension of the multi-object fuzzy segmentation algorithm to segment pre-acquired color video shots. The color features are selected from channels belonging to different color models using two different heuristics: one that uses the correlations between the color channels to maximize the amount of information used in the segmentation process, and one that chooses the color channels based on the separation of the clusters formed by the seed spels for all possible color spaces. Motion information is also incorporated into the segmentation process by making use of dense optical flow maps. We performed experiments on synthetic videos, with and without noise, as well as on some real videos. The experiments show promising results, with the segmentations of real videos produced using hybrid color spaces being more accurate than the ones produced using three other color models. We also show that our method compares favorably to a state-of-the art video segmentation algorithm.     

Sequential model-based segmentation and recognition of image structures driven by visual features and spatial relations

A sequential segmentation framework, where objects in an image are successively segmented, generally raises some questions about the “best” segmentation sequence to follow and/or how to avoid error propagation. In this work, we propose original approaches to answer these questions in the case where the objects to segment are represented by a model describing the spatial relations between objects. The process is guided by a criterion derived from visual attention, and more precisely from a saliency map, along with some spatial information to focus the attention. This criterion is used to optimize the segmentation sequence. Spatial knowledge is also used to ensure the consistency of the results and to allow backtracking on the segmentation order if needed. The proposed approach was applied for the segmentation of internal brain structures in magnetic resonance images. The results show the relevance of the optimization criteria and the interest of the backtracking procedure to guarantee good and consistent results.     

Adaptive pixon represented segmentation (APRS) for 3D MR brain images based on mean shift and Markov random fields

In this paper, we proposed an adaptive pixon represented segmentation (APRS) algorithm for 3D magnetic resonance (MR) brain images. Different from traditional method, an adaptive mean shift algorithm was adopted to adaptively smooth the query image and create a pixon-based image representation. Then K-means algorithm was employed to provide an initial segmentation by classifying the pixons in image into a predefined number of tissue classes. By using this segmentation as initialization, expectation-maximization (EM) iterations composed of bias correction, a priori digital brain atlas information, and Markov random field (MRF) segmentation were processed. Pixons were assigned with final labels when the algorithm converges. The adoption of bias correction and brain atlas made the current method more suitable for brain image segmentation than the previous pixon based segmentation algorithm. The proposed method was validated on both simulated normal brain images from BrainWeb and real brain images from the IBSR public dataset. Compared with some other popular MRI segmentation methods, the proposed method exhibited a higher degree of accuracy in segmenting both simulated and real 3D MRI brain data. The experimental results were numerically assessed using Dice and Tanimoto coefficients.     

一种新的肝脏CT序列图像区域生长算法

为了提高区域生长的分割精度,减少种子点选取对分割结果的影响和用户交互量。提出一种通过置信区间和区域竞争计算目标区域最优阈值区间,用于医学序列图像的区域生长分割算法。在方法上区域生长方法考虑的是图像的局部信息,而置信区间和区域竞争方法考虑的是图像的全局信息。该文的算法融合了两者的优点。通过在一张图片上选择目标对象和背景对象的多个种子点,实现了复杂背景下的序列图像分割。使用一组腹部CT原始图片进行的实验结果表明,算法在只需很少交互的情况下,有效地提高了分割精度。     

A fast SAR image segmentation method based on improved chicken swarm optimization algorithm

Severe speckle noise existed in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image presents a challenge to image segmentation. Though some traditional segmentation methods for SAR image have some success, most of them fail to consider segmentation effects and segmentation speed at the same time. In this paper, we propose a novel method of SAR image fast segmentation which is based on an improved chicken swarm optimization algorithm. In this method, the positions of the whole chicken swarm are firstly initialized in a narrowed foraging space. Secondly, the grey entropy model is selected as the fitness function of the improved chicken swarm optimization algorithm. Hence, the optimal threshold value is located gradually and quickly by virtue of the foraging behaviors of chicken swarm with a hierarchal order. Experimental results show that our method is superior to some segmentation methods based on genetic algorithm, artificial fish swarm algorithm in convergence, stability and segmentation effects.     

An adaptive image segmentation method with visual nonlinearitycharacteristics

This correspondence is concerned with a method for image segmentation on the visual principle. The inconsistency between the conventional discriminating criterion and the human vision mechanism in perceiving an object and its background is analyzed and an improved discriminating criterion with visual nonlinearity is defined. A new model and an algorithm for image segmentation calculation are proposed based on the spatially adaptive principle of human vision and the relevant hypotheses about object recognition. This is a two-stage process of image segmentation. First, initial segmentation is realized with the bottom-up segmenting algorithm, followed by the goal-driven segmenting algorithm to improve the segmentation results concerning certain regions of interest. Experimental results show that, compared with some conventional and gradient-based segmenting methods, the new method has the excellent performance of extracting small objects from the images of natural scenes with a complicated background.     

基于决策树的汉语未登录词识别

未登录词识别是汉语分词处理中的一个难点。在大规模中文文本的自动分词处理中,未登录词是造成分词错识误的一个重要原因。本文首先把未登录词识别问题看成一种分类问题。即分词程序处理后产生的分词碎片分为‘合’(合成未登录词)和‘分’(分为两单字词)两类。然后用决策树的方法来解决这个分类的问题。从语料库及现代汉语语素数据库中共统计出六类知识:前字前位成词概率、后字后位成词概率、前字自由度、后字自由度、互信息、单字词共现概率。用这些知识作为属性构建了训练集。最后用C4.5算法生成了决策树。在分词程序已经识别出一定数量的未登录词而仍有分词碎片情况下使用该方法,开放测试的召回率:69.42%,正确率:40.41%。实验结果表明,基于决策树的未登录词识别是一种值得继续探讨的方法。     

基于两级阈值算法在图像分割中应用研究

在图像分割提高精度问题的研究中,要从图像中提取感兴趣的区域。由于图像模糊或者蜕化图像背景信息融合在一起,导致难以区分,传统的阈值图像分割算法容易造成分割效果不清晰。为解决上述问题,提出了一种新的快速有效的两级阈值结构图像分割算法,采用用迭代算法对图像进行单一阈值分割,在每次迭代过程中以图像均值为依据,对图像进行均衡化处理;在基于全局分割的基础上,在局部范围内根据噪声的统计特性对图像进行去噪处理。仿真结果表明,提出的两级阈值分割算法能快速有效地分割图像,不仅可以得到了比较高的分割精度,还大大减少了计算量,一定程度上能够改善图片分割的效率和质量。     

支持向量机分类的交互式肝脏肿瘤分割方法

提出了一种交互式分割传统CT图像肝脏肿瘤的方法。首先对CT切片进行预处理,包括肝脏薄壁组织分割及其对比增强处理,通过分水岭转换后肝脏体积被分成许多集水盆地。然后,在用户选择种子点上训练支持向量机分类来抽取肝脏肿瘤,而在分水岭转换后产生的每个小区域基础上,计算对应的用于训练和预测的特征向量。最后,在整个分割二级制体数据中执行一些形态学操作,重新定义支持向量机分类的粗糙分割结果。实验结果表明：改进方法提高了诊疗的准确性、有效性,以及在临床应用中的可行性。