织物负载S-N共掺杂TiO2薄膜的光催化降解活性染料研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备S-N共掺杂改性纳米TiO2溶胶,通过浸溃工艺对棉织物进行整理,制备出织物负载S-N共掺杂TiO2薄膜.探讨了在日光灯照射下,其对活性红MS模拟活性染料废水的光催化活性.结果表明,在日光灯照射下,织物负载S-N共掺杂TiO2薄膜的光催化降解率大大高于织物负载TiO2薄膜的降解率;对活性红MS的光催化降解效果随染液中氯化钠浓度的升高而降低,随碳酸钠浓度的升高而提高.     

改进分子印迹固相萃取—高效液相色谱法同时 测定辣椒制品中4种苏丹红含量

目的建立分子印迹固相萃取—高效液相色谱法同时测定辣椒制品中4种苏丹红(苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ)的含量。方法改进GB/T19681-2005食品中苏丹红染料的检测方法高效液相色谱法中的试样处理方法,使用Welchrom~?SDH分子印迹固相萃取小柱对多种辣椒制品基质进行净化,并采用Ultimate~?XB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈和水为流动相进行等度洗脱,于500 nm波长下测定。结果苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ在0.1～10.0μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r~2为0.9995～0.9999,回收率为88.9%～106.6%,检出限为0.01 mg/kg。结论该方法简便、灵敏度高、准确性好,适用于食品中4种苏丹红的定量分析。     

中华人民共和国卫生部公告（2005年 第5号）

2005年2月18日，英国食品标准局就某些食品检出苏丹红色素向消费者发出警告，引起媒体和消费者的广泛关注。苏丹红是人工合成工业染料，为亲脂性偶氮化合物，主要包括Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ四种类型。国际癌症研究机构将苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ列为动物致癌物，但尚未证明对人体具有致癌性。苏丹红Ⅲ的代谢产物4-氨基偶氮苯和苏丹红Ⅳ的代谢产物邻-甲苯胺和邻-氨基偶氮甲苯列为人类可能致癌物。由于苏丹红诱发动物肿瘤的剂量远远高于人体可能摄入量，     

HPLC法测定成蛋、皮蛋黄中的四种苏丹红染料

采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定咸蛋、皮蛋中的四种苏丹红染料.测定结果表明,苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ在0～0.5mg/L时其峰面积与进样质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,其线性相关系数为0.9999、0.9995、0.9999和0.9999(n=6),加标样品测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.1%、2.2%、1.9%和2.4%(n=6).苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的最小检出限均为10μ/kg.苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ回收率均为90%～105%.结果显示:该方法快速、灵敏、可靠,具有简便、重现性好的特点.     

负载纳米TiO2薄膜光催化降解活性红MS

采用溶胶·凝胶法制备纳米TiO2,通过二浸二轧(70%～80%)→烘干(80℃×3 min)→焙烘(80℃×2 min)制备织物负载纳米TiO2薄膜.在紫外灯照射下,用织物负载纳米TiO2薄膜对活性红MS进行光催化降解试验,考察了无机盐(氯化钠和碳酸钠)对织物负载纳米TiO2薄膜光催化降解性能的影响.结果表明,织物负载纳米TiO2薄膜光催化降解活性红MS的降解率可达93.7%,且随氯化钠浓度的升高而降低,随碳酸钠浓度的升高而提高,在碳酸钠浓度为0.094 mol/L时达到最佳.     

辣椒粉中非法添加苏丹红色素快速检验分析

目的建立辣椒粉中苏丹红色素快速检验分析方法。方法以苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ、苏丹红Ⅳ为对照,以正己烷-乙酸乙酯(7:1,V:V)为展开剂,采用薄层色谱法迚行定性鉴别;以苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ、苏丹红Ⅳ为对照,Agilent C_(18)(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,乙睛-0.2磷酸(92:8,V:V)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为495 nm,柱温30℃,采用高效液相色谱法迚行检测。结果建立薄层色谱法能很好分离各成分;苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ、苏丹红Ⅳ的线性范围分别在16.49~245.59μg(r=0.9999)、16.30~334.88μg(r=0.9997)、16.81~478.02μg(r=0.9999)、16.82~438.21μg(r=0.9996);平均回收率(n=6)分别为97.68%、98.35%、98.32%、98.14%。结论本法简便可行、重复性好,可用于辣椒粉中非法添加苏丹红色素的质量控制和快速检验。     

织物负载TiO2光催化剂的制备及活性红MS光催化动力学

实验采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2溶胶,棉织物经过浸渍TiO2溶胶-烘干-焙烘法处理,在织物表面低温制备TiO2薄膜。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等方法对样品结构和形貌进行分析和表征。在紫外灯照射下,以活性红MS为降解物,研究了制备条件包括TiO2浓度、TiO2溶胶pH值、焙烘温度和焙烘时间对薄膜光催化性能的影响。结果表明在低温下制备的TiO2主要是锐钛矿型,并且薄膜的光催化活性与处理工艺有关。在TiO2浓度为0．423mol／L、TiO2溶胶pH值为1．67、焙烘温度为80℃、焙烘时间为2min的条件下,活性红MS的光催化降解速率常数最大,拟合紫外光下光催化薄膜降解活性红MS为一级反应。     

织物负载TiO_2光催化剂的制备及活性红MS光催化动力学

实验采用溶胶一凝胶法制备纳米TiO2溶胶,棉织物经过浸渍TiO2溶胶-烘干-焙烘法处理,在织物表面低温制备TiO2薄膜.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法对样品结构和形貌进行分析和表征.在紫外灯照射下,以活性红MS为降解物,研究了制备条件包括TiO2浓度、TiO2溶胶pH值、焙烘温度和焙烘时间对薄膜光催化性能的影响.结果表明在低温下制备的TiO2主要是锐钛矿型,并且薄膜的光催化活性与处理工艺有关.在TiO2浓度为0.423 mol/L.TiO2溶胶pH值为1.67、焙烘温度为80℃、焙烘时间为2 min的条件下,活性红MS的光催化降解速率常数最大,拟合紫外光下光催化薄膜降解活性红MS为一级反应.     

棕榈油中多种添加剂测定方法的研究

采用乙腈提取棕榈油中多种添加剂PG、THBP、TBHQ、NDGA、BHA、OG、DG、BHT、苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ和苏丹红Ⅳ,浓缩后用乙腈-水淋洗的高效液相色谱多波长检测法测定其中各待测组分的含量,方法最低检测限:PG、THBP、NDGA、OG、DG为0.5 mg/kg;TBHQ、BHA、BHT为1 mg/kg;苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ和苏丹红Ⅳ为10μg/kg。相对标准偏差为2.03%～6.89%,回收率为88.85%～108.38%。该方法简便、快速,稳定可靠。     

Fe3+和La3+共掺杂纳米TiO2的制备及光催化性能的研究

通过溶胶凝胶法制备掺杂铁和镧的纳米TiO2,并以活性红15为目标降解物,研究了其光催化性能.采用热失重分析(TG)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电镜、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)等测试手段对TiO2的结构、晶型、光吸收范围等进行了表征.结果表明:共掺杂的纳米TiO2在500℃煅烧3 h呈现锐钛矿型,晶粒尺寸约15 nm;掺杂铁和镧的纳米TiO2吸收带会发生红移,拓展了其对光谱响应范围.通过光催化降解模拟试验,发现掺杂铁和镧的纳米TiO2粉末对活性红15溶液的降解率最高达到98.9%,具有较高的光催化活性.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the