大型铸钢件造型和制芯工艺的选用

简述了大型铸钢件造型和制芯工艺的现状,着重分析了碱性酚醛树脂砂、呋喃树脂砂和酯硬化水玻璃砂的造型工艺特点,从型砂配比、硬化性能、型砂性能、铸件质量、旧砂回用、劳动环保、经济评价和工艺评价等方面对三种型砂工艺进行了对比,为生产大型铸钢件时自硬砂造型和制芯工艺的选择提供参考。     

快速固化呋喃树脂工艺造型线

介绍了一种把呋喃树脂自硬砂工艺应用于大批量、高效率造型线的实例。通过实践,使特定产品使用呋喃树脂工艺的起模时间由常规的15~45min变成了3min,从而大大提高了生产效率,实现了大批量产品的机械化、自动化生产。     

用呋喃树脂砂生产大型铸铁件的工艺分析与质量控制

依据对呋喃树脂砂生产大型铸铁件的特性分析,阐述了用呋喃树脂砂生产大型铸铁件的铸造工艺要点与关键工序的过程质量控制.通过介绍几种典型大型铸铁件用呋喃树脂砂生产的实例,具体说明了用呋喃树脂砂生产大型铸铁件质量的控制原则.     

连续式混砂机一机两用新工艺的应用

使用1台12怕连续式混砂机混制不同品质的两种树脂砂,即石英质树脂砂和铬铁矿树脂砂,替代通常使用2套设备才能完成的工作,选用碱酚醛树脂作粘结剂,通过按钮操作实现混制两种不同品质树脂砂的目的。此工艺的应用改变了以前1台混砂机只能混制同一品质树脂砂的传统观念。同时一机两用新工艺不仅操作方便,而且还可以降低设备投资成本,减少设备占用面积,具有极高的推广价值。     

新型酯硬化水玻璃砂在铁路车辆铸钢件生产中的应用

介绍了新型酯硬化水玻璃砂造型制芯生产线以及所用原材料、型芯砂配方和工艺性能,分析了影响酯硬化水玻璃砂性能的因素,并且对新型水玻璃酯硬化自硬砂和呋喃树脂自硬砂进行了经济效益对比分析.     

碱性酚醛树脂砂工艺试验

根据碱性酚醛树脂自硬砂的工艺要求,选择了不同原砂、碱性酚醛树脂和有机酯,检测其性能指标,并进行型砂性能的试验,从适用范围、可使用时间、热变形、发气量和溃散性等方面分析了碱性酚醛树脂砂的工艺特性。结果表明,通过合理选用原材料,科学控制自硬砂配比,为碱性酚醛树脂砂在铸钢件生产中的应用奠定基础。     

静压造型线型砂质量控制

我公司静压造型线因生产品种多,芯砂流入量大,导致型砂性能恶化,铸件出现批量粘砂;通过调整型砂配比及混制工艺,稳定了型砂性能,有效解决了型砂质量问题和铸件粘砂缺陷.     

呋喃树脂自硬砂生产泵壳类铸件的工艺控制

通过在原材料选择、工艺设计和现场工艺操作方面的针对性措施,采用呋喃树脂自硬砂工艺生产泵壳类球铁铸件,可以改善铸件表面及内在品质,并能降低能源消耗和提高劳动生产率。     

Development of a new instrument for measurement of high temperature mechanical properties of resin-bonded sand

The mechanical properties of resin-bonded sand mixtures at high temperatures significantly affect the quality of casting. However, the existing instruments for high-temperature performances testing mainly focus on inorganic binder-bonded sands no matter the test items or the atmospheric protection, while the instrumentss specially designed for resin-bonded sand are not yet available. A new instrument for testing the hightemperature performance of resin sand was designed including the confirmation of the testing parameters, loading, measurement and control systems, and the design of the frame shape and heating furnace. This instrument can test the compressive strength, heat tolerance time and restraining load of phenol-formaldehyde resin coated sand, self-hardened furan resin sand, and trimethylamine(TEA)-based resin bonded sand at high temperatures. The developed instrument has a high accuracy offering smaller than 0.3% deviation at a full scale in the measurement of the high temperature compressive strength and the restraining load over the range of 0-6.8 MPa and 0-2,000 N, respectively. The high temperature heat tolerance time range is 0-300 s and its measurement accuracy is ±1 s.     

Effect of gel time of 3D sand printing binder system on quality of sand mold/core

Two important factors affecting the performance of sand mold/core generated by 3D printing (3DP) are strength and dimensional accuracy,which are not only closely related to the reactivity of furan resin and the phase transition of silica sand,but also the curing agent system of furan resin.This paper studies the influence of gel time on the strength and dimensional accuracy of a 3DP sand mold/core,taking the furan resin system as an example and using a sand specimen generated by a 3DP inkjet molding machine.The experiment demonstrates that the gel time of 3 to 6 min for the sand mixture suits 3DP core-making most under the experimental condition.However,it should be noted that under the same resin condition,the strength of a no-bake sand mold/core is higher than that of a 3DP sand mold/core.The dimensional accuracy of the sand mold/core does not change significantly when the gel time is less than 15 min.Improving the activity of binder and developing ultra-strong acid with low corrosion shall be an effective way to improve the quality of the mold/core by 3D printing.     

Effect of Reclamation on the Skin Layer of Ductile Iron Cast in Furan Molds

The paper presents the results of investigations of the influence of the quality of molding sand with furan resin hardened by paratoluenesulfonic acid, on the formation of microstructure and surface quality of ductile iron castings. Within the studies different molding sands were used: molding sand prepared with fresh sand and molding sands prepared with reclaimed sands of a different purification degree, determined by the ignition loss value. Various concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen in the sand molds as a function of the ignition loss were shown in the paper. A series of experimental melts of ductile iron in molds made of molding sand characterized by different levels of surface-active elements (e.g., sulfur) and different gas evolution rates were performed. It was shown that there exists a significant effect of the quality of the sand on the formation of the graphite degeneration layer.     

影响流水线生产粘土型砂性能的因素

稳定地保证粘土型砂质量是大批量粘土砂铸造生产中的关键问题之一。本文从江铃铸造厂某造型生产线上现有的旧砂和型砂性能的测试入手,通过正交实验研究对比分析了型砂组分、残留芯砂含量等各因素对粘土型砂性能的影响,就目前该生产线上铸件的常见缺陷与旧砂和型砂的质量关系进行了讨论,提出了改进型砂质量和减少铸件缺陷的建议。     

用实型铸造方法生产42 t磨床床身

我公司采用实型铸造方法,铸造了毛坯质量达42t的大型磨床床身。用冷硬呋喃树脂砂造型、导轨部位加外冷铁、合理布置排气口等方法,成功铸造出了磨床床身。经检测,铸件几何尺寸、力学性能、化学成分、导轨硬度均达到图纸的技术要求,为铸造生产大型和特大型铸铁机床床身提供了经验。     

呋喃树脂自硬砂生产大型铸钢件工艺控制要点

结合多年呋喃树脂自硬砂生产大型铸钢件的经验,针对常出现发气量大、退让性差、热裂倾向大的问题,摸索出合理的解决办法,实践证明通过科学控制造型原辅材料,采用符合呋喃树脂自硬砂生产要求的铸造工艺方法,并严格控制生产操作过程等措施,即可以生产出满足用户要求的合格产品。     

脱箱造型串联浇注工艺

采用呋喃树脂自硬砂脱箱造型法制作单个型块，然后将多个具有共用一个浇注系统的型块组装在一起进行浇注，可以简化模具，节约用砂，提高生产率。     

再生砂对呋喃树脂自硬砂工艺性能的影响及其控制

分析了呋喃树脂再生砂的灼减量、微粉含量、含氮量、砂温、酸耗值对型砂工艺性能的影响。通过对砂铁比、浇注温度、粘结剂和固化剂用量加以控制,优化型砂性能,减少铸件不良品的产生。     

自硬呋喃树脂砂在高铬铸铁生产中的应用

介绍了自硬呋喃树脂在高铬铸铁生产中的实际应用 ,从原材料的选取 ,树脂砂的制备工艺 ,到采用该砂进行造型制芯的操作要点均作了较为详细的阐述。实践证明 ,采用自硬呋喃树脂砂生产高铬铸铁泵类过流件 ,可较好地满足其尺寸精度、表面光洁度要求 ,能有效地克服裂纹等铸造缺陷的产生     

Metal-Mould Reactions in casting Aluminium-Lithium Alloys in Sodium-silicate-bonded Sand Moulds

Abstract

Metal-mould reactions in casting Al-Li alloys in sodium-silicate-bonded sand moulds have been studied by the modified Gertsman technique. Molten Al-2.7% Li alloy was poured into a bottom-gated vertical cylindrical mould cavity (150 mm x 50 mm dia) made from no-bake organic-binder-based sands. At the bottom of the mould cavity, a standard AFS three-ram sodium-silicate-bonded sand sample (the test sample) was placed vertically to provide the necessary interface for investigation. After cooling, the reaction products formed at the interface and samples from the bottom portion of the castings were collected for investigation. These were analysed to find Li loss from the casting as a result of metal-mould reactions. The casting was vertically sectioned and visually observed for appearance of blow holes, if any, while the sub-surface was studied for microhardness variation. The as-cast surface and the reaction products were also studied by SEM and X-ray diffraction analysis.

The study reveals that the Li in the molten alloy enters into vigorous chemical reaction with the sodium silicate resulting in the release of metallic sodium and formation of reaction products containing αLithium aluminium meta silicate. Li is thus lost from near the surface of the casting. Probably, the sodium released causes the gas blow holes in the sub-surface of castings due to its high vapour pressure at the working temperature.     

大型铸钢件用改性呋喃树脂砂的研究

在常规呋喃树脂合成工艺基础上,通过加入多酚类有机物改性,开发出一种适用于大型铸钢件造型、制芯用的呋喃树脂粘结剂.其主要特点是:有毒气体释放量小(游离甲醛含量≤0.1%),型芯砂粘结强度高(≥1.6MPa),浇注后退让性好.为了降低固化剂中的含硫量和延长型芯砂可使用时间,对普通磺酸固化剂的成分进行了调整,新固化剂中含硫量比普通固化剂降低20%-50%,而树脂砂的可使用时间可延长到60min.介绍了树脂和固化剂在大型铸钢件上成功应用的情况.     

造型材料表观热物性的测定

为精确地模拟铸件的凝固过程和进行铸造工艺的计算机辅助设计,采用浇注法对粘土砂和水玻璃砂的表观热物性进行了研究。实验表明,型砂的表观导热系数、表观导温系数及表观蓄热系数均随着原砂粒度的增大而增大,也随着粘结剂的含量(陶土或水玻璃)增加而增大,但达到一定程度后则趋于恒定。