铝、镁合金半固态浆料的制备与流变成形新工艺

介绍了阻尼冷却管法制备A356铝合金半固态浆料工艺的实验装置及其原理,并进行不同浇注温度的系列实验。结果表明:由于阻尼冷凝管的冷却和搅拌作用,熔体浇注温度越低,在两相温度区间内生成的游离晶核就越多,制备得到半固态铸件的晶粒尺寸就越小,且球化程度越高。在此实验原理及结果分析的基础上,设计真空吸铸-阻尼冷却装置,近液相线温度的AZ91D镁合金液在冷却、剪切的作用下,由液态转变为半固态浆料,然后进入模具完成充型,实现镁合金半固态浆料的制备与铸件流变成形一体化;半固态镁合金熔体具有触变性及更高的黏度,以平稳、层流的充型方式完成充型,能够有效地改善成形件的质量。     

Numerical simulation on electromagnetic field,flow field and temperature field in semisolid slurry preparation by A-EMS

A two-dimensional computational model coupling an annular electromagnetic stirring (A-EMS) with a macroscopic heat and fluid flow analysis in Al-alloys semisolid slurry preparation was developed. The dynamic evolutions of the electromagnetic field, flow field, and temperature field were presented successfully by commercial software ANSYS 10.0 with corresponding experimental verification. A horizontally rotational electromagnetic field and, thereby, a more intensive velocity field were uniformly distributed in the stirred melt even at commercial frequency, and thus, a lower temperature difference in the stirred melt and subsequent uniformly fine microstructures were obtained compared with the normal electromagnetic stirring. The simulation results were in good agreement with experimental ones.     

Preparation of semi-solid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry with big capability

Semi-solid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry was prepared by low superheat pouring and weak traveling-wave electromagnetic stirring.The effects of pouring temperature and stirring power on the microstructure of AlSi7Mg alloy slurry were studied.The results show that the semi-solid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry of 5 kg can be prepared.This new technology can save energy and make the pouring process convenient.When the pouring temperature is decreased at a stirring power of 0.41 kW,the shape of primary α-Al grains gradually changes from dendritic-like to spherical.When the alloy melt is poured at the temperature(630°C) with a certain superheat,the pouring process becomes easier,and the spherical microstructure of AlSi7Mg alloy slurry can be prepared by the weak traveling-wave electromagnetic stirring.When the pouring temperature is 630°C,increasing the stirring power appropriately can result in better spherical primary α-Al grains,but if the stirring power is increased to a certain value(1.72 kW),the shape of primary α-Al grains does not obviously improve when the stirring power is continually increased.     

强制对流流变成形制备7075铝合金半固态浆料及其数值模拟(英文)

采用自主研发的强制对流流变装置,研究搅拌速度对7075铝合金半固态组织的影响规律。实验结果表明,随着搅拌速度的增加,半固态组织的晶粒尺寸减小,形状因子及粒子数增加。同时,对强制对流流变成形浆料制备过程进行数值模拟,研究熔体在筒体内的流动规律和搅拌速度对合金熔体温度场和固相率的影响。模拟结果表明,合金熔体在FCR筒体内存在复杂的对流运动,熔体对流极大地改变了合金熔体温度场和固相率的分布。增加对流强度有利于减小合金熔体的过冷度梯度和改善初生晶粒的分布。     

新工艺制备A356铝合金半固态浆料及其流变压铸组织和性能

将新开发的分流汇合浇道(DCR)半固态浆料制备工艺与压铸技术结合,实现A356铝合金流变压铸成形.结合数值模拟与实验,探讨DCR工艺制备半固态浆料机理;研究DCR流变压铸和传统压铸A356铝合金的显微组织和力学性能.结果表明,DCR工艺可以制备内部含有大量初生α-Al晶粒且其平均尺寸为49μm、形状因子为0.81的高品...     

两相区铸造AZ91D半固态坯料的部分重熔工艺与组织演变

对在两相区铸造进行半固态制浆所得AZ91D镁合金坯料的部分重熔工艺条件及组织演变进行了研究. 结果表明 AZ91D镁合金在两相区温度(585 ℃)静置30 min且在水冷铁模中浇注的两相区铸造半固态坯料, 在575 ℃下保温30～45 min进行部分重熔时, 其组织具有固相颗粒球化程度高、颗粒细小且粒度均匀、有效液相体积分数高等特点; 坯料组织演变初始化阶段、球化阶段和集聚合并长大等3阶段部分相互重叠. 对特定原始半固态坯料, 改变部分重熔温度, 可缩短重叠区, 扩大球化区, 实现坯料重熔进程及组织形态的优化, 从而增加工艺可控性和提高坯料的触变性.     

采用蛇形通道制备较大容量A356铝合金半固态浆料(英文)

采用蛇形通道制备较大容量的A356铝合金半固态浆料,对制备的半固态浆料的整体组织和管道冷却能力对组织的影响进行研究。结果表明,采用冷却能力良好的蛇形通道可制备出理想的较大容量半固态A356铝合金浆料。蛇形通道连续通冷却水时,较大容量半固态A356铝合金浆料轴向和径向的组织均由颗粒状的初生相组成,浆料的整体均匀性良好;而未通冷却水的蛇形通道只能在较大容量浆料的心、中部获得颗粒状初生相,靠近浆料的边部区域则主要为树枝状初生相,整个浆料径向的组织不均匀。浇注温度达到680°C,可以解决合金熔体在浇注过程中容易堵塞的问题。     

Effects of melt treatment temperature and isothermal holding parameter on water-quenched microstructures of A356 aluminum alloy semisolid slurry

The semisolid slurry of the A356 aluminum alloy was prepared by self-inoculation method (SIM), the effects of melt treatment temperatures and isothermal holding parameters on water-quenched microstructures of A356 aluminum alloy semisolid slurry were investigated, and the solidification behavior of the remaining liquid phase (secondary solidification) was analyzed. The results indicate that the melt treatment temperature has significant effects on the final semisolid microstructures. The semisolid slurry which is suitable for the rheological forming can be produced when the melt treatment temperature is between 680 and 690 °C. During the isothermal holding process, the growth rate of the primary particles conforms to the dynamic equation of D_t³–D₀³=Kt, and the coarsening rate of the primary particles is the fastest when the isothermal holding temperature is 600 °C. Additionally, the isothermal holding time also has obvious effect on the secondary solidification microstructures. The secondary particles are the smallest and roundest when the isothermal holding time is 3 min. The amount of the secondary particles gradually increases with the increase of isothermal holding temperature, and the eutectic reaction therefore is confined into small intergranular areas, contributing to the compactness of the final solidified eutectic structures.     

Effects of vibration and grain refiner on microstructure of semisolid slurry of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy

The effects of vibration and grain refiner on the microstructure of semisolid slurry of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy were studied. The impact of vibration on the convection of liquid was conducted by using a system of water-particle tracer. The 356 melt at temperature of 630-660 ℃ with or without grain refiner Al-5%Ti-1%B was poured into a metal cup as the vibrating vessel, then it was cooled to 590-610 ℃ in the semisolid zone and kept for some time, subsequently vibration with different frequencies was applied. The results show that the primary a（Al） particles become finer and rounder with the increase of vibration frequency. The slurry with primary a（Al） equivalent particle diameter（EPD） of about 90μm and average shape coefficient（ASC） of about 0.5 can be prepared under vibration of 20 Hz. With the combined action of vibration and grain refiner Al-5Ti-B, even smaller and rounder spheroids with EPD of about 85μm and ASC of about 0.6 are obtained.     

半固态7075铝合金浆料温度均匀化处理过程中的组织演化规律

采用ICSPC法制备半固态7075铝合金浆料,再结合温度均匀化处理,使浆料组织相对均匀并获得可控的固相率,以适合后续的流变压铸。主要研究温度均匀化处理过程中冷却速率对初生α（Al）组织演化规律的影响。结果表明,随着冷却速率的降低,半固态浆料中的初生α（Al）趋向于近球状方式生长,其组织的均匀性也相对提高。这可能是由于冷却速度的降低有利于半固态浆料剩余液相中各部分温度及成分的一致性,而这种一致性则是形成均匀球状晶的关键。然而,过低的冷却速度将会显著延长晶粒的生长时间,导致晶粒过分粗大和更多的晶粒合并,因而出现部分异常长大的晶粒,并导致形状因子的轻微下降。     

Continuously extending extrusion forming of semisolid A2017 alloy by SRS process

A self-made single-roll stirring (SRS) machine was used to manufacture semisolid A2017 alloy, the mechanismof A2017 alloy formation was investigated. It was shown that A2017 dendrites growing on the rough roll surface arecrashed into fragments by the roll, which move and grow freely then contribute the formation of finer spherical microstruc-ture. When casting at 710-750 ℃, fine and homogeneous spherical or elliptical grains of A2017 alloy were obtained. Ex-tending forming mould has been designed and was installed at the exit of roll-shoe gap. A2017 alloy was formed by ex-tending continuously at the semisolid state on SRS machine. Through controlling pouring temperature, semisolid formingand extending extrusion was combined organically. A2017 product with fine surface and rectangular transection of 14mmx25 mm was obtained. By contrast to the national standard, the fracture strength and elongation of A2017 products pro-duced from extending semisolid extrusion have been improved with an increase of 100 MP     

Preparation and thixoforging of semisolid billet of AZ80 magnesium alloy

Semisolid billet of AZ80 magnesium alloy was prepared by new strain induced melt activated (new SIMA) process and thixoforging experiment was performed. The results show that after as-cast AZ80 magnesium alloy is processed by equal channel angular extrusion, microstructure is refined well due to heavy dynamic recrystallization occurring in severe plastic deformation. Compared with semisolid isothermal treatment and conventional SIMA, semisolid billet with fine and spheroidal grains are achieved in new SIMA. Thixoforging process of semisolid billet prepared by new SIMA has many advantages such as good surface quality of final component, high ability to fill cavity and net-shape. The fine and spheroidal grains and high mechanical properties such as tensile strength of 298 MPa and elongation of 28% can be developed in final part thixoforged.     

Microstructure behavior and metal flow during continuously extending-extrusion forming of semisolid A2017 alloy

1 Introduction Semisolid metal forming process is a kind of near-net-shape technology and attracts attentions all over the world[1?4]. Most available semisolid processes involve several technical steps: manufacturing semisolid slurry, remelting of semisol…     

稀土处理与低温浇注制备半固态铝合金

本文采用稀土处理与低温浇注工艺制备ZL104铝合金半固态坯料,研究了坯料在重熔加热过程中组织的变化.实验结果表明:稀土处理和低温浇注有效地细化了合金的铸态组织,半固态重熔过程中可获得球形初生α-Al晶粒.当605℃浇注的坯料在580℃下半固态保温30～90min时,获得的球形初生α-Al晶粒组织最佳.     

半固态扩展挤压A2017合金过程中金属流动的有限元分析

应用有限元方法分析了半固态扩展挤压A2017合金过程中金属的流动规律.分析表明:从中心区域向两边侧壁,合金速度逐渐减少,有时在从中心向两边侧壁的中间区域出现涡流过渡区;不存在台阶θ时,涡流区θ较小;倾角越大,涡流区域越小,且死区较小;定径带出口越宽,出口流速越小,涡流区越小,死区也越小.设计无台阶且较小的倾角的扩展挤压模较为合理,在定径带断面的长向与宽向上,尺寸应尽量相等.     

Globulization mechanism of the primary Al of Al−15Cu alloy during slurry preparation for rheoforming

Semisolid slurries of Al-15Cu alloy were produced for rheoforming by a low temperature pouring technique. To investigate the morphological change of the slurry in terms of the particle mean diameter and the roundness factor, samples were extracted during the continuous cooling and the isothermal holding stage of the slurry by a simple technique of interrupt quenching. Results demonstrated that the fine-grained equiaxed dendritic structure, which formed during low temperature pouring, is changed to a globular structure when held at a semisolid temperature for sufficiently long holding time. With regard to the globulization mechanism of the primary α-phase, local melting is considered to take place at the neck of equiaxed dendrites, leading to the separation of small new particles during continuous cooling. These newly formed particles eventually grow during isothermal holding in the semisolid temperature by obeying theD ³=Kt kinetic law, which suggests coarsening by Ostwald ripening.     

Microstructural and mechanical behavior of blended powder semisolid formed Al7075/B4C composites under different experimental conditions

This work aimed to fabricate B₄C reinforced aluminum matrix composites via blended powder semisolid forming that is an implementation of the benefits of semisolid forming to the powder metallurgy. Al7075 elements were incrementally added to ethanol solution under mechanical mixing. Al7075 constituents and B₄C particles were blended in a high energy ball mill. Cold compacted Al7075/B₄C blends were pressed at semisolid state. The effects of the size of the matrix (20, 45 and 63 μm), reinforcing volume fraction (5%, 10% and 20%) and semisolid compaction pressure (50 and 100 MPa) on the morphology, microstructure, density, hardness, compression and bending strength were thoroughly analyzed. Experimental results revealed that the highest microstructural uniformity was achieved when large B₄C particles (45 μm) were distributed within the small particles (20 μm) of the matrix phase. Composites with matrix particles larger than reinforcing phase indicated agglomerations in loadings more than 10% (volume fraction). Agglomerated regions resisted against penetration of the liquid phase to the pores and lowered the density and strength of these composites. Composites with 20 μm Al7075 and 20% (volume fraction) 45 μm B₄C powder pressed under 100 MPa exhibited the highest values of hardness (HV 190) and compressive strength (336 MPa).     

Mechanical behavior of LC_4 alloy in semisolid state at high volume fractions of solid

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Microstructure evolution of TiB_2 particle-reinforced 7075 Al alloy slurry in semisolid state with different holding time

TiB_2particle-reinforced 7075 Al alloy was synthesized to investigate the effect of TiB_2 particles on microstructure of semisolid 7075 Al alloy slurry. The mean grain size and shape factor of 3 wt% TiB_2/7075 composite could reach 92 lm and 0.64 at 630 °C for 23 min,respectively, and for 6 wt% TiB_2/7075 composite, they are100 lm and 0.64 at 630 °C for 33 min. The microstructure evolution for TiB_2/7075 composites in semisolid state includes three-stage process. a-Al begins to nucleate and grow up into rosette grains due to a low degree of supercooling at ?rst. Then rosette grains begin to fuse or grow up at different rates. Finally, the dissolution rate and the growth rate of α-Al reach equilibrium.     

工艺参数对连续流变轧制成形Mg-3Sn-1Mn合金板材组织和力学性能的影响

开发了Mg-3Sn-1Mn合金板材倾斜板连续流变轧制成形工艺,并研究工艺参数对合金板材微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:随着轧辊转速的增加,板材的初生晶粒平均直径增大;随着倾斜板振动频率增加,板材的初生晶粒平均直径先减小后增大,板材的抗拉强度和伸长率先增加后降低.随着浇注温度的升高,板材的初生晶粒平均直径逐渐增大,板材的抗拉强度和伸长率逐渐降低.当浇注温度为670℃、轧辊转速为52mm/s、倾斜板振动频率为60 Hz时,制备了组织性能较好的Mg-3 Sn-1Mn合金板材,其力学性能优于添加0.87％Ce(质量分数)的Mg-3Sn-1Mn合金热轧板材的力学性能.