内(RPS+3SPS)外(PRS+3SPS)嵌套机构运动学分析

工业自动化水平的不断提高,对混联机构的机型要求也越来越高。文中提出一种新的混联机构机型,该机型采用内外环嵌套、中间由滚珠轴承连接,内、外环分别由RPS+3-SPS和PRS+3-SPS并联机构嵌套构成。机构源于直升机自动倾斜器等价机构,可用于直升机球铰轴承疲劳试验机。文中应用螺旋理论对该混联机构的自由度进行了分析,并对该机构的位置反解及工作空间进行了研究,为机构的进一步研究和应用奠定了理论指导基础。     

动态式连接的少自由度混联机构的运动学分析

动态式连接混联机构源于直升机自动倾斜器等效机构,可广泛应用于直升机旋翼系统中球铰轴承疲劳试验机。提出内外环嵌套动态式连接的一种新混联机构,其特点是将直升机自动倾斜器原来的上下混联机构改为内外环嵌套混联机构,内外环之间采用球铰副连接,从而可以使机构体积减小,降低耗能,提高机构高速旋转时的稳定性。依据螺旋理论和等效自由度的方法,计算该混联机构的自由度。应用数值方法针对该机构进行位置正解分析。根据正解分析该机构的工作空间。所得结果可为球铰轴承疲劳试验机的研制提供参考依据。     

直升机自动倾斜器等效并联机构自由度分析

自动倾斜器是直升机旋翼系统及操纵系统中最关键的部件,对其结构进行分析研究,建立了自动倾斜器上、下操纵机构运动学等效并联机构数学模型—4-(R)RSS+(R)RRS+PS和3-SPS+RRS+PS。基于串并联机构理论,利用空间机构学和螺旋理论方法得出上、下操纵机构自由度,并采用螺旋理论验证了公式计算的正确性。同时应用Pro/E软件建立机构三维模型并用ADAMS软件进行仿真,分析了液压助力器速度、桨叶迎角和滚动轴承角加速度变化规律。结果验证了并联机构结构的正确性,为自动倾斜器自润滑关节轴承试验样机机构设计和尺寸确定奠定了基础。     

基于ANSYS和ADAMS的自动倾斜器柔性动平台动力学仿真分析

自动倾斜器柔性动平台是直升机旋翼系统中搭载自润滑关节轴承的重要部件,研究柔性动平台对分析自动倾斜器运行安全性有着重要意义。将ANSYS软件和ADAMS软件相结合建立自动倾斜器刚柔耦合模型,并对其进行动力学仿真。结果表明:所建柔性体模型比以往构建的刚性体模型更符合自动倾斜器运动状态,柔性系统仿真结果能更真实、准确地反映动平台的运动特性。     

一种新型并联机床的位置正反解

提出一种基于新型的运动副——复合球铰的虚拟轴机床,它是由5-SPS分支组成的并联机构,其中3个分支交于一个三重球铰,另2个分支交于一个二重球铰,两个球铰固接在一起形成一个复合球铰,代替了并联机构的活动平台,而且机床主轴位于复合球铰中心线上。该机床的特点是结构简单、解耦。针对机构模型建立了约束方程,利用解析法求解机构的位置正反解,并绘制出机构装配简图。     

空间刚柔耦合并联机构系统的频率特性分析

对空间刚柔耦合并联机构系统的固有频率特性进行分析.建立一种空间有限元梁单元新模型,基于有限元法和Lagrange 方程导出有限元梁单元的运动微分方程.通过分析动平台运动参量与运动支链间的运动关系,得到刚柔耦合并联机构系统的运动学约束条件,并由Newton-Euler方程得到系统动平台的动力学模型.根据系统的运动学约束条件和动平台的动力学模型,经过各个单元运动微分方程的有机组装,导出刚柔耦合并联机构系统的整体动力学方程.在此基础上,通过算例3-RRS刚柔耦合并联机构系统的频率特性分析,总结空间刚柔耦合并联机构系统的固有频率与机构基本参量之间的内在规律.结果显示,刚柔耦合并联机构系统的结构尺寸、支链中杆件的截面参量和材料参量等对系统的固有频率都有显著影响.研究对进一步研究刚柔耦合并联机构的动态特性和机构优化设计具有重要的指导意义.     

复杂载荷下大柔性多臂节机械臂架系统刚柔耦合动力学分析

为更加准确地研究复杂载荷下大柔性、多臂节机械臂架系统的动力学特性,提出基于刚柔耦合特性对臂架系统进行动力学仿真分析的方法。首先,根据臂架系统及部件的实际尺寸建立三维模型,并将臂架系统中弹性变形较大的转台,三、四、五节臂架考虑成柔性体;然后,在ANSYS Work Bench中建立臂架系统的刚柔耦合模型并进行仿真分析;最后,通过分析得到关键柔性体部件铰点的载荷受力曲线与臂架系统中柔性体部件的应力云图。分析结果表明：大柔性、多臂节机械臂架系统在设计中考虑柔性体因素进行刚柔耦合分析与工程实际更加相符,也可以更好地为臂架系统的改进与结构优化奠定基础。     

3-SPS+RRS+PS机构运动学分析

分析了组成直升机自动倾斜器等效机构的关键部分3-SPS+RRS+PS机构的运动学特性。通过分析并区别对待机构自由度的瞬时性与全周性,克服了位置反解中遇到的螺旋理论瞬时性的问题。采用直接求导法,计算了机构的速度、加速度反解。为了克服直接求导法计算过程繁杂的缺点,给出了一种快速数值计算Jacobian和Hession矩阵的算法,该算法只需要给出机构的位置反解方程,就能够通过计算机自动计算出Jacobian和Hession矩阵的值,从而节省了大量的人力。该方法不仅适用于理论分析,也适用于有快速分析需求的工程任务。     

轴内操纵自动倾斜器运动学仿真分析

针对一种应用于跷跷板式旋翼的轴内操纵构型自动倾斜器的结构设计问题,搭建了此类构型自动倾斜器的运动仿真平台,通过运动仿真分析该型自动倾斜器的运动学特征,并修正设计参数,具有完善轴内操纵构型自动倾斜器结构设计参数的应用价值。     

基于局部Hilbert边际谱的自动倾斜器轴承故障诊断

针对直升机操纵系统重要承力部件自动倾斜器轴承健康监测与故障诊断的需求,研究相应健康监测技术及其故障诊断方法,从而为直升机结构健康监测状态评估与使用管理提供依据。经验模态分解方法作为一种自适应时频分析方法,非常适用于处理复杂非平稳信号,提出了一种基于局部Hilbert边际谱的直升机自动倾斜器轴承故障诊断方法。该方法首先将振动信号进行小波包分解;然后对重构降噪信号采用Hilbert变换进行包络分析得到包络信号;最后对包络信号进行EMD分解,选取有效IMF集计算局部Hilbert边际谱,提取故障特征。在此基础上,构建了某型直升机自动倾斜器故障诊断试验系统。研究表明,该诊断方法合理、可行。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.