模块化变形机器人非同构构形表达与计数

提出一种新型链式可重构模块机器人平台,该机器人平台具有手动可重构和自动变形的特点,介绍一种三模块变形机器人样机。组成机器人的单个模块可以简化为由模块本体、连接臂和偏置关节组成。模块的数量可以根据实际工作的需要进行选择,模块间的连接具有规则连接和非规则连接两种方式;同时,由连接模块的偏置关节的运动,模块间的相对位置可以改变。由于模块连接方式的不同和模块间相对位置的变化,变形机器人具有多种非同构构形;为此,根据模块的物理结构和邻接关系提出了用构形矩阵来表达机器人结构的拓扑信息,并在仿真环境下进行等效描述;提出基于组合计数原理的递归算法,用于多模块变形机器人的非同构构形的计数,并根据构形矩阵的拓扑信息对构形进行评价。最后根据仿真结果给出了一种三模块变形机器人样机对称构形的设计示例,验证了算法的可行性。     

M~2SBot新型自重构机器人拓扑构型描述及运动学研究

介绍了一种新型自重构机器人系统,研究了基于旋量理论的自重构机器人正、逆运动学算法。在分析M2SBot机器人模块拓扑结构的基础上,建立描述自重构机器人拓扑构型的三元组矩阵;利用拓扑结构信息和模块坐标系间的齐次变换,获得各个模块的运动旋量并自动生成自重构机器人正运动学方程。采用遗传算法求运动学的逆解,在传统遗传算法的基础上提出了"移民"策略和局部优化的改进方案。最后,以双支链构型为例,给出了正运动学方程自动生成的具体步骤,并在MATLAB平台上进行逆运动学仿真,验证了改进遗传算法的有效性。     

基于状态构形矢量和状态构形矩阵的可重构模块星球机器人构形

可重构模块星球机器人系统由母体和多个子机器人模块组成,单个模块可以独立运动和操作,多个模块可以重构组合成不同构形,模块采用非对称式轮手一体机构,具有姿态方位性和运动方向性,重构目的是组成在某种环境下更好地完成有向性运动的构形。基于此,提出矢量构形概念,将运动趋势方向和方位性融合到构形拓扑结构中。在模块矢量分析模型基础上,提出并构建状态构形矢量(State configuration vector, SCV)和状态构形矩阵(State configuration matrix, SCM),对非对称式单模块和整体构形的状态信息进行描述,同时支持预定义的数学变换操作,可以表达并触发模块的基础动作、构形重构。提出离散模块组合重构成目标构形的优化分析算法,通过实例仿真计算获得优化分析的选择结果。     

基于模块智能的自重构机器人描述模型

自重构机器人拓扑结构的描述模型是建立自重构机器人系统和设计变形规划算法的基础。本文提出一种有序定点图及其关联矩阵作为描述模型 ,通过各个模块的局部感知信息来表达全局拓扑 ,可以有效表达整体系统中模块的位置关系、连接关系和失效模块的信息。本文建立描述模型的方法可以应用于各类同构模块化机器人系统     

一种新型自重构模块机器人的设计和运动策略

设计了一种运动类型为网格型、运动空间为三维、被称为M—Cubes的新型自重构模块机器人，介绍了单个模块的硬件设计。M—Cubes模块由一个中心体和6个可独立旋转的连接面组成，中心体内部的驱动电机通过减速器、锥形齿轮、带轮、离合器来驱动6个连接面的转动及每个连接面上销的伸缩。在对模块进行恰当描述的基础上，给出了一种利用驱动函数的分布式控制方法。最后，利用Java 3D对变形运动进行了仿真，验证了该变形方法的可行性和有效性。     

模块化自重构机器人的运动分析与仿真

在国外自重构机器人研究的基础上,设计开发了一种同构阵列式的模块化自重构机器人M-Cubes。此模块化机器人结构紧凑、运动灵活,模块间通过搭建成脚手架结构进行运动,可以组合成任意的构型。文章介绍了模块的脚手架结构运动方式,进行了运动学分析,推导出模块运动时的变换矩阵,并进行了逆运动学分析,说明了此脚手架结构的运动原理。在仿真平台上给出了一个4×2×2矩形阵列模块的平移仿真示例,验证了模块结构和运动方式的有效性。     

可重构机器的模块化设计

提出了一种基于旋量理论以及图论的可重构机器的模块化设计方法.该方法通过对已知加工任务的分析,建立实现该任务的可重构机器的拓扑构型,同时利用机械模块库生成一系列可选择的可重构机器.设计方法主要由数学模型建立模块、任务分析模块、拓扑构型模块和机械模块的选择模块4部分组成.并根据上述方法,对可重构机器进行软件建模.     

链式可重构机器人单模块结构设计与运动实验

提出了一种新型模块化链式移动机器人机构,它具有可重构、自动变形的特点。单个标准模块主要由中间通孔式连接手臂、履带驱动链传动装置、模块偏转锥齿轮传动装置、模块俯仰链传动装置、连接柄等组成。模块间由偏转关节、连接柄、连接臂和仰俯关节进行连接组合。为提高单个模块的机动性和实现运动自主功能,对标准模块进行了适当改进,单模块机器人采用了履带、轮、臂、腿组合的移动机构,具有三维空间的运动能力。最后对单模块机器人样机在垂直壁障碍、平地支腿、平地转弯、斜坡、楼梯等情况下的运动能力进行了实验,为进一步实现多模块机器人的自重构和环境应用打下了基础。     

一种新型自重构模块的设计

文章论述了自重构机器人的类型,国内外的发展情况,并提出了一种新型自重构模块。讨论并分析了设计模块机构阶段所遇到的问题,特别是离合器的机构设计,以及必须遵守的两种状态。为了使控制简单,采用开关量控制,把旋转面对接机构设计为差动连接,并对该模块机器人的运动形式和步态作了进一步解释。     

混合型自重构机器人的空间构型描述

设计了一种新型的混合型自重构机器人,该机器人由呈三棱柱形的主-从式基本模块组成,每个主模块包括3个主驱动电机及齿轮减速装置,每个从模块包括2个从驱动电机及齿轮-齿条传动装置.基于基本模块的几何特征及空间转换矩阵,描述了该自重构机器人的4种基本空间构型,为机器人的自重构运动打下基础.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.