改进LMD和排列熵的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对滚动轴承故障振动信号的复杂特性和局部均值分解(Local Mean Decomposition,LMD)方法存在的端点效应问题,提出了基于振动信号自相似性对左右端点两侧延拓来抑制端点效应问题的改进LMD、排列熵(Permutation Entropy,PE)及优化K-均值聚类算法相结合的轴承故障诊断方法。首先通过改进LMD将非线性、非平稳的原始故障振动信号分解出一系列的乘积函数(Production Function,PF)分量,对包含主要故障信息的PF分量提取PE值作为故障特征分量,在提取特征量的基础上,最后采用优化后的K-均值聚类算法对故障类型进行识别分类。将该方法应用在滚动轴承实验数据,实验结果表明该方法可以准确、有效的实现滚动轴承的故障诊断。     

基于PF能量特征和优化神经网络的轴承诊断

内圈点蚀、外圈压痕和滚动体磨损是滚动轴承常见典型故障,为实现其快速、准确诊断,提出基于振动信号局部均值分解(local mean decomposition,简称LMD)的PF分量能量特征和神经网络相结合的滚动轴承诊断方法.对振动信号进行局部均值分解,将其分解为若干个乘积函数(product function,简称PF)分量之和,以获得的PF分量能量特征作为神经网络输入进行滚动轴承的故障类型的识别,同时引入遗传算法对神经网络结构参数进行优化,提高故障识别诊断速度和准确率.结果表明,该方法用于轴承典型故障诊断有较高的诊断速率和故障识别率.     

基于PCA和LMD分解的滚动轴承故障特征提取方法

局部均值分解(LMD)是一种自适应时频分析方法,并在轴承的故障诊断中成功应用,但是受噪声的影响比较大。为了最大程度地降低噪声的干扰,提出了主分量分析(PCA)与局部均值分解(LMD)相结合的故障诊断方法。该方法首先利用相空间重构将一维时间序列振动信号嵌入为等效的多维时间序列信号,然后利用主分量分析提取主要成分实现降噪,最后把降噪之后的信号进行LMD分解,分解成若干个乘积函数(PF)之和,对能量最高的PF1进行包络谱分析,提取出故障特征信息。通过仿真试验和轴承故障试验,结果表明该方法能够有效地提取出信号的故障特征,证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于LMD和灰色关联度的故障诊断方法研究

针对高压隔膜泵单向阀故障振动信号的非平稳特性,提出基于局部均值分解法(LMD)和灰色关联度理论相结合的故障诊断方法。首先,利用LMD将高压隔膜泵单向阀不同运行状态下的振动信号分解成多个乘积函数。然后,计算所有乘积函数的互相关系数,并从中选择互相关程度高的乘积函数来提取相应的特征向量。最后,引入灰色关联度理论,构建单向阀故障诊断识别模型,并与基于经验模态分解法(EMD)以及基于混合特征建模、单一特征建模得到的结果进行了对比分析。实验表明,所提出的方法可以较好地分解单向阀故障信号,并有效地识别了小样本条件下的单向阀故障信号。     

基于局部均值分解和奇异值差分谱的滚动轴承故障诊断研究

为了从复杂的轴承振动信号中提取微弱的故障信息,提出了一种基于局部均值分解(local mean decomposition,LMD)和奇异值差分谱的轴承故障诊断方法。首先通过LMD将非平稳的原始轴承故障信号分解为若干个PF(product function)分量,由于背景噪声的影响,难以从PF分量准确得到故障频率,对PF分量进行Hankel矩阵重构和奇异值分解,相应的得到奇异值差分谱,根据奇异值差分谱理论对某个PF分量进行消噪和重构,然后再求重构后PF分量的包络谱,便能准确地得到故障频率。仿真分析和滚动轴承内圈故障实例很好地验证了提出的改进方法的有效性。     

基于LMD的能量算子解调机械故障诊断方法

为了提取多分量调幅调频信号的幅值和频率信息,提出了基于局部均值分解(local mean decomposition,简称LMD)的能量算子解调机械故障诊断方法.该方法先利用LMD将机械调制信号分解成若干个乘积函数(production function,简称PF)分量,然后对每一个PF分量进行能量算子解调,获得信号的幅值和频率信息进行故障诊断.利用该方法对仿真信号以及轴承和齿轮故障振动信号进行实验研究的结果表明,基于LMD的能量算子解调方法能够有效地提取机械故障振动信号特征.     

基于LMD与改进SVM的轴承故障诊断方法

针对轴承振动信号故障特征信息实际提取困难的问题,基于局部均值分解(LMD)与改进支持向量机(SVM)提出了轴承故障诊断方法.对所采集的轴承振动信号进行局部均值分解,得到若干乘积函数的分量.计算各乘积函数的能量,选取能量百分比值作为识别故障的特征值.针对支持向量机不能自适应选择核函数参数和惩罚因子的问题,利用细菌觅食优化...     

基于LMD-SVD和极限学习机的滚动轴承故障诊断方法研究

针对局部均值分解(LMD)得到的PF分量对于分类方法的输入而言过大,提出了一种基于局部均值分解(LMD)-奇异值分解(SVD)和极限学习机(ELM)的故障诊断方法.首先,通过LMD将非线性非平稳的原始振动信号分解为一系列乘积函数,从而得到具有物理意义的瞬时频率;然后,采用SVD处理PF分量以压缩特征向量尺度并获得更加稳定的特征向量值;最后,基于提取的特征向量,应用运算效率和分类精度更高的ELM对轴承故障状态进行分类.试验结果表明,该方法能有效的对风机轴承在变工况条件下进行自适应诊断.     

LMD能量熵和SVM相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断

为实现小样本情况下对滚动轴承进行故障检测和分析,提出了基于局部均值分解(LMD)的能量熵和支持向量机(SVM)相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。利用LMD信号处理方法将滚动轴承振动信号分解成有限个乘积函数(PF)分量,通过计算PF分量的能量熵进行故障特征提取,然后将提取的特征输入到SVM分类器中进行训练及测试,最终实现对滚动轴承的故障诊断。实验数据显示,在仅有少量样本条件下,LMD能量熵和SVM相结合的方法能够精确地对滚动轴承的故障类型进行识别和分类,这表明该方法对滚动轴承故障诊断的有效性。     

随机共振消噪和局域均值分解在轴承故障诊断中的应用

针对实际机械故障诊断中强噪声背景下难以提取故障特征的情况,提出了一种基于随机共振消噪(SR)和局域均值分解(LMD)的轴承故障诊断方法。首先,将轴承振动信号进行随机共振消噪,利用噪声增强振动信号的信噪比;然后,将消噪的信号再进行LMD分解,通过求取乘积函数(PF)幅值谱从而发现轴承故障频率。实验结果表明,该方法可以提高信噪比,实现微弱信号的检测,可有效地应用于轴承的故障诊断。
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Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.