科技纵横

新型抗菌不锈钢材料太平洋特殊铸造公司开发出抗菌不锈钢材料。新工艺是在金属冶炼过程投入抗菌剂,制品抗张强度高又耐腐蚀,避免了以前在刚体表面涂布抗菌剂,长时间使用后表面抗菌层易脱落或耗损的缺点。这种材料可切削制成各种形状复杂的物品,即使表面受损,也不会影响抗菌效果     

有机无机杂化涂料

不锈钢上预防生物腐蚀用的通过连续表面引发原子转移游离基聚合的抗菌有机-无机杂化涂料 为了提高不锈钢的防腐性能以及使其表面带有抗菌功能，抑制生物膜的形成和生物腐蚀，制备了特定的有机-无机杂化涂料，     

不锈钢表面含银介孔二氧化钛薄膜的制备及其性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在316L不锈钢表面涂覆含银介孔二氧化钛薄膜,研究了薄膜的结构、形貌、亲水性、耐蚀性和抗菌性能。结果表明,350℃热处理20min即可得到膜层质量较好、孔结构不规则、具有紫外光致亲水性的非晶态介孔二氧化钛薄膜;热处理时间过长会导致不锈钢基体氧化严重、膜层裂纹增多;含2%银的二氧化钛薄膜能够保持介孔结构,具有良好的抗菌性能。     

摩力克（MOLYKOTE）L-8008润滑剂

太平洋特殊铸造公司开发出抗菌不锈钢材料。新工艺是在金属冶炼过程投入抗菌剂，制品抗张强度高又耐腐蚀，避免了以前在刚体表面涂布抗菌剂，长时间使用后表面抗菌层易脱落或耗损的缺点。     

采用涂层技术抑制凝汽器中生物黏泥的实验研究

对冷却水系统的抗菌藻涂料进行了研究.考察了不同换热器材质,不同冷却水水质条件下,涂层的抗菌藻效果.实验表明:不锈钢的防腐性能最优异,碳钢极易被腐蚀,必须对其进行涂层保护.金属铜本身具有抗菌抑藻能力.但不能解决生物黏泥、腐蚀等危害,必须对其进行涂层保护.自制抗菌藻涂层适用于循环冷却水系统的温度和pH范围,并且适应江河水、湖泊水和海水等在内的不同特点的水质.     

西班牙研发出可作为抗菌涂层的新型陶瓷薄膜

正西班牙研究人员日前成功研发出一种新型陶瓷薄膜,它可作为抗菌涂层,有效抑制不锈钢制品表面的致病细菌,有望应用在医疗器械、人体植入材料、公共保健设施、食品加工设备等领域。不锈钢材料具有良好的刚性、加工成型性以及耐腐蚀性,用途广泛。但不锈钢制品在反复使用和清洗消毒后,表面涂层会产生磨损,易滋生大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等细菌,从而导致感染性疾病。     

近日无铅抗菌直饮管成功问世

<正>新近研发的无铅抗菌直饮管能够有效杀灭管道内的细菌,特别是大肠杆菌和金**葡萄球菌的杀灭率分别达99%和92%。据介绍,该产品经上海交大水质生物学与过程工艺学实验室检测,通水40天后的含铜抗菌不锈钢内壁吸附细菌数,每平方厘米仅30个菌落,是PP-R水管的1.8%。     

用于产生氢活性水的简单装置Okada,Kazumi （ Japan ）

该小型设备适于家庭使用，它有一由金属制造的(如镁、不锈钢制)圆简体，简体上有许多孔，有一带盖的开口，用于供给产H2材料，如Mg、黑曜石、电石、抗菌砂、风化、珊瑚等，装入不织布袋中，与水接触后可提供活性H2。     

无铅抗菌直饮管成功问世

<正>联洲塑业科技(苏州)有限公司日前宣称,其新近研发的无铅抗菌直饮管不仅具有易连接、耐压、抗撞击等优点,而且还能有效杀灭管道内的细菌,特别是大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭率分别达99%和92%。该复合水管外观极其普通,但当打开两段水管间的塑料连接件,可发现水管内壁嵌入了一圈不锈钢管道,而且两者     

氢对不锈钢影响的研究新进展

不锈钢在工业应用中经常会有氢进入材料中,而氢对不锈钢的性能有着重要影响.文章综诉了氢对不锈钢影响的研究新进展,主要涉及氢对不锈钢力学性能的研究、氢致相变、氢对不锈钢钝化膜的影响.另外,详细分析了氧在不锈钢中扩散的计算.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。