转子-滑动轴承系统支承松动-碰摩故障动力学行为及评估方法

本文针对转子-滑动轴承系统支承松动-碰摩故障动力学行为进行分析,并提出基于动力学行为非线性度量的转子-轴承系统支承松动状态评估方法.应用非线性短轴承油膜力模型、松动刚度模型、Hertz接触理论等建立了带有支座松动故障的转子系统局部碰摩动力学模型,研究并分析松动-碰摩故障转子系统随支承松动间隙变化的动力学行为规律.提出基于动力学行为非线性度量的转子-滑动轴承松动-碰摩故障下支承松动状态评估方法,采取泰勒展开获得线性近似动力学模型,量化比较非线性模型与线性近似模型动力学行为的差异.建立松动间隙与非线性度之间的对应关系,直观反映松动间隙对系统动力学行为的影响程度,实现对转子-滑动轴承系统支承松动状态的评估.本文的研究可为转子-滑动轴承系统支承松动状态评估提供理论基础和支撑.     

具有轴承不对中的多跨柔性转子系统非线性动力学研究

主要研究了具有不对中轴承支承的柔性多转子耦合系统的动力学建模和非线性动力学行为.首先在短轴承假设、小轴承的不对中量和圆盘不平衡量等几个基本假设条件下,考虑了转子的柔度、不对中轴承的非线性油膜力和圆盘的不平衡等因素后,建立了一个具有轴承不对中的10自由度多跨转子系统非线性动力学模型；最后采用数值方法研究了系统的非线性动力...     

锥齿轮传动系统的非线性动力学行为

主要研究了锥齿轮传动转子系统的非线性动力学行为.在滑动轴承或挤压油膜阻尼器中,油膜力是齿轮传动转子系统非线性的一个重要来源,并且与轴承的结构参数、转子的转速和作用力等多个因素有关.首先在刚性转子、齿轮不脱啮等假设条件下,考虑了锥齿轮间的广义位移约束关系,建立在非线性油膜力作用下锥齿轮传动的多转子耦合系统动力学模型.由于油膜力具有强非线性特性,因此采用数值分析方法,结合系统的稳态响应、Poincaré映射和分叉图等多种手段分析系统的动力学行为.通过初步研究得到如下结论:对于不平衡锥齿轮传动的转子系统,在低转速时转子轴心的运动与转速同步;随着转速的增加系统出现2倍周期运动等复杂的分叉现象.这些振动特征可以为这类系统的动力学设计、结构参数优化和运动状态监测等提供必要的理论依据.     

转子-轴承系统中滚动球轴承的非线性动力学相似特性研究

针对转子—轴承系统中滚动球轴承的动力学相似问题,提出一种考虑非线性振动特性的轴承系统相似模型建立方法.首先,建立滚动球轴承整体的非线性振动微分方程,运用积分模拟法推导了轴承整体的非线性振动特性相似关系,并结合滚动球轴承的动力学相似关系得到滚动球轴承系统的相似设计准则;其次,应用所得的相似准则,以深沟球轴承C204JUT为原型、6208为模型进行数值仿真实例计算,通过采用Newmark-β算法计算得到的分叉图分析了转速ω、径向载荷F_r、阻尼C及径向游隙γ大小对原型和模型轴承系统振动位移或速度响应的影响;最后,通过对比原型和模型的各参数(ω、F_r、C、γ)分叉图中分叉区间、趋于稳定运动参数值大小以及进入稳定周期运动时的稳态响应值大小验证相似准则的准确性和有效性.通过分析得到以下结论:1滚动球轴承非线性振动特性参数(如振动响应、结构阻尼等)相似关系可由轴承结构参数相似关系确定;2原型与模型非线性运动的分叉图形状一致,且模型能够很好的预测原型稳态振动响应,因此可将模型轴承用来预测原型轴承的非线性振动行为.     

不对中联轴器 柔性转子系统非线性动力学行为

主要研究了在滑动轴承支承下转子间具有平行不对中故障的柔性联转子系统非线性动力学行为.首先,在考虑到联轴器的连接刚度后,基于两转子间运动的几何关系和位移约束条件推导了在非线性油膜力作用下平行不对中转子系统的动力学模型,理论分析表明该系统是一个含有时变系数和强非线性特征的11自由度非自治系统.然后采用数值方法重点分析了系统的非线性振动特性,例如,系统的轴心轨迹、频谱相应,Poincaré截面等.结果表明:在较低转速时,转子的涡动轨迹在较小的范围内作同步振荡;随着转速的提高,系统出现倍周期分叉现象,以及准周期、混沌运动等复杂的非线性动力学行为.最后讨论了联轴器的连接刚度对系统运动特性的影响.     

滚动轴承支承下松动-裂纹耦合故障转子系统动力学特性分析

支座松动转子因两端刚度不对称而引发振动异常增大,进而可能导致转子出现裂纹故障,裂纹和松动故障耦合下的转子系统呈现强非线性特性.建立滚动轴承支承的支座松动-弓形裂纹转子动力学模型,研究转速、松动间隙、松动质量及裂纹角等对转子系统非线性动力学响应的影响.考虑非线性Hertz接触力,采用分段线性方程描述支座松动的刚度和阻尼,转子横向裂纹采用呼吸裂纹模型来研究,依据拉格朗日方程建立转子系统动力学方程,采用Runge Kutta法求解方程获得转子振动响应的分岔图、频谱图、轴心轨迹图、Poincaré图等.计算结果表明,当系统转速达到2300rad/s时,松动-裂纹耦合故障系统较仅裂纹系统在1/3分频处有明显的间谐波成分,混沌区域更为宽泛;当裂纹参数恒定时系统随着松动间隙减小会更加稳定;当松动质量ms＞41.25kg时,系统振幅剧增,发生“跳跃”现象.研究工作对松动-裂纹转子系统的故障诊断和健康监测具有重要的工程应用价值.     

转子-联轴器-轴承-隔振器系统不对中及锁频故障实验研究

通过搭建转子-联轴器-轴承-隔振器系统实验台来模拟舰船主汽轮齿轮机组及其隔振系统,并通过轴承标高调节装置和不平衡质量来模拟实际机组运行过程中的不对中故障,分别研究了静、动态不对中和低频锁定故障的特征,并给出了解决途径．实验研究结果表明,对于含有隔振器的转子-联轴器-轴承系统,静态不对中和不平衡力等引起的动态不对中都会激起2倍频振动;在转速达到隔振系统的固有频率以后,系统有两个主要的振动频率：基频和被锁定的低频,说明系统出现结构不稳定性,发生概周期分岔,锁频故障会严重威胁转子系统的安全稳定运行．研究结果可以为舰船主汽轮齿轮机组及其隔振系统的不对中和锁频故障诊断以及稳定性理论分析提供实践依据．     

某航空发动机转子弹性支承松动振动故障诊断研究

介绍了某双转子航空发动机由于转子弹性支承松动引起的振动故障的诊断方法和实例分析.     

转子-轴承系统响应的分岔与混沌控制分析

给出了对转子-轴承系统的分岔与混沌等复杂动力学行为进行控制的思想．应用washout-filter状态反馈控制方法进行分岔与混沌控制器的设计,用以改进系统转速变化时转轴响应的分岔与混沌特性．通过调整控制器的参数来影响转子系统的动力学行为,控制其运行的稳定性．数值模拟结果表明,随着转子-轴承系统转速的不断提高,系统的动力学行为会发生较大变化,此时应用washout-filter状态反馈控制方法进行分岔与混沌控制,理论上可起到较好的控制效果．     

无轴承异步电机的非线性逆解耦控制

针对无轴承异步电机多变量、非线性和强耦合的特点,采用基于逆系统理论的控制方法对其进行解耦控制.首先简要介绍了无轴承异步电机的基本原理,推导出电机旋转部分和径向悬浮力的数学性型.然后对转矩绕组采用非线性逆解耦控制.而径向悬浮控制所需的转矩绕组气隙磁链值可以在逆解耦控制的基础上通过系统辨识获取,从而实现转子的稳定悬浮.最后...     

滚动轴承-转子系统支承松动时的复杂运动研究

基于转子动力学、Hertz理论和非线性动力学理论,针对一端支座松动的滚动轴承-转子系统的运动特征,考虑了松动间隙的非线性情况,建立了系统的动力学方程．在对转子系统动力学方程进行数值积分之后,通过分叉图、庞加莱图、相图和关联维数等显示了转子系统随转速变化和松动间隙的扩展会出现复杂动力学现象,并且研究了滚动轴承-转子系统在支承松动时的分岔和混沌运动及其变化规律,得出了有工程价值的结论,这些结论可为该类故障的诊断提供参考．     

Modal synthesis method of lateral vibration analysis for rotor-bearing system

Rigid coupling and flexible connection made up of elastic coupling units are widely applied to rotor-bearing system with multi-branched shafting system. This paper proposes a modal synthesis method of lateral vibration analysis for such kind of rotor-bearing system. When the proposed approach is developed, the elastic coupling unit is defined as “flexible substructure” which is treated individually and the other parts are partitioned into some substructures which are analyzed by finite element method. The lower-frequency normal modes of the substructures are retained; whereas the higher-frequency normal modes are neglected by a frequency truncation criterion and the residual flexibility of those omitted modes is considered. The lower-frequency normal modes and residual flexibility are considered to be the assumed modes of Rayleigh–Ritz analysis of whole structure. The approach to the treatment of higher-frequency modes leads to a great reduction in the calculation time and a significant improvement in the efficiency of modal synthesis. Examples show that the proposed approach is very effective for the vibration analysis of rotor-bearing system with multi-branched shafting system and the results derived from this approach are in a good agreement with those from transfer matrix method.     

An intelligent fault diagnosis method for rotor-bearing system using small labeled infrared thermal images and enhanced CNN transferred from CAE

Despite deep learning models can largely release the pressure of manual feature engineering in intelligent fault diagnosis of rotor-bearing systems, their performance mostly depends on enough labeled samples constructed from the vibration signals. Acquiring lots of labeled samples is often laborious, and the vibration sensors tightly fixed on the equipment may influence their structures after long time running. To address these two problems, a new framework based on small labeled infrared thermal images and enhanced convolutional neural network (ECNN) transferred from convolutional auto-encoder (CAE) is proposed. First, infrared thermal images are measured to characterize various health states of rotor-bearing system. Second, exponential linear unit (ELU) and stochastic pooling (SP) are used to construct ECNN. Then, the model parameters of a CAE pre-trained with unlabeled thermal images are transferred to initialize the ECNN. Finally, small labeled thermal images are used for training ECNN to further adjust model parameters. The collected thermal images are used to test the diagnosis performance of the proposed method. The analysis and comparison results show that the proposed method outperforms the current mainstream methods.     

基于刚体模型的光电伺服系统最优控制方法

在现阶段的导弹武器系统中,控制系统大都采用经典PID控制器,但随着控制性能要求的不断提升,PID控制器在追求响应快速的同时难以兼得跟踪过程平稳。针对工程中遇到的以上问题,提出设计最优控制器,采用线性二次型调节器(LQR)求解最优控制律。通过仿真可以看到,最优控制器跟踪阶跃信号无静差,调节时间为0.034s,上升过程平稳无超调;跟踪斜坡信号和正弦信号时,跟踪误差远小于,滞后时长仅为毫秒量级。最优控制器系统能够实现快速跟踪阶跃、斜坡和正弦输入信号,且具有较好的跟踪性能。与经典PID控制器相比,该方法具有更高的控制精度、更好的控制性能和稳定性,能够解决PID控制器在工程中遇到的快速性和平稳性难以兼得的难题。     

Formation tracking control for multiple rigid bodies on matrix Lie groups: A system decomposition approach

This paper addresses the finite‐time formation tracking control problem for multiple rigid bodies whose dynamics are defined on the matrix Lie groups, including the special Euclidean group SE(2),SE(3) as specific cases. The reference trajectory in a form of rotational and translational motions is generated offline in advance as the virtual leader for tracking. Moreover, the formation time is specified according to the task, and the desired formation shape is given a priori with respect to the virtual leader. By virtue of the system decomposition approach, intrinsic formation tracking laws are derived for arbitrary initial velocities for the rigid bodies. The tracking controllers are intrinsic meaning that the dynamics and controllers are developed in the body‐fixed frame without a global reference frame. Moreover, based on the geometric convex combination on SE(3), the result is extended to the distributed case where only the neighboring agents' state are used. Two numerical simulations on SE(2) and SE(3) are given respectively to illustrate the validity and robustness of the proposed controllers. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

人工智能系统故障分析原理研究

为研究未来系统在人工智能控制下的系统故障预测、预防、控制和恢复能力,提出一种基于信息生态方法论的人工智能系统故障分析方法。将研究对象划分为人、功能、自然和智能系统;以智能系统为核心,研究故障信息、知识和智能安全生成原理;论述了基础故障意识、情感和理智的特点。研究表明,系统故障的人工智能分析必须采用信息生态方法论结合安全科学理论进行。分析原理是基于信息生态方法论,考虑基础故障意识、情感与理智,及即时故障语义信息进行的综合决策与反应,以确保系统在规定条件下完成预定功能。     

输电塔-覆冰导线耦合体系非线性动力响应分析

为了全面准确的了解输电线路塔线耦合体系的动力特性以及覆冰导线的非线性舞动响应,建立了“三塔两线”的空间有限元模型.选用风工程界广泛应用的Davenport脉动风速谱,叠加相应位置的平均风速,模拟风速时程.运用现有的新月形覆冰计算模型,采用时程分析法分别对单塔、无覆冰塔线体系以及不同攻角下的输电塔-覆冰导线体系进行了风荷...     

Stability analysis of a control system with nonlinear input uncertainty based on disturbance observer

In disturbance observer (DO)‐based control, control input attenuates a disturbance using observer output. Thus, the input may not achieve the attenuation if the input term includes uncertainty. Therefore, in order to correctly suppress the disturbance, it is essential to consider the uncertainty existing in the input term, and thus this article focuses on a nonlinear uncertainty in the input term. This article analyzes the stability and robustness of a DO‐based nonlinear control system with both the disturbance and the input uncertainty. We address the case that the disturbance and the uncertainty depend on time and states of a controlled system. The disturbance and the uncertainty are gathered in an integrated disturbance, and the integrated disturbance depends on many variables: the states, the control input, and the time. Therefore, a norm estimations for the disturbance and a time variation of the disturbance is difficult without knowledge of the state trajectory. Hence, a slope‐restriction for the disturbance is used for the stability analysis. Based on the mathematical analysis, we show input‐to‐state stability conditions due to extend the application class of the DO‐based controller to a control system with the disturbance and the nonlinear input uncertainty. The analytical results are verified by numerical simulations.     

基于故障贝叶斯网的冷链物流系统可靠性分析

借鉴可靠性工程理论中系统可靠性的分析方法,将冷链物流系统运行故障这一抽象问题具体化处理,根据系统中各功能环节的运行特点及事件之间的因果关系,构建冷链物流系统的系统失效故障树;在此基础上生成贝叶斯网络,以综合评估冷链物流系统的运行可靠性,揭示系统故障产生的主要原因,为改进冷链物流系统的运行可靠性提供定量依据.将所提出方法用于某第三方冷链物流企业的运作管理中,取得了预期效果.