冷等静压石墨质量控制的探讨

介绍了冷等静压石墨成型的生产工艺和原理;重点从模具包套设计、材料特性、粉末填充方式、除气、压制参数、原料配比和混捏均匀性方面分析了影响冷等静压石墨质量的因素.     

干压结合冷等静压成形对陶瓷力学性能的影响

本文通过研究在不同压力下进行干压结合冷等静压成形过程对陶瓷素坯体和烧结体的结构、性能的影响,得出了最佳的成形工艺条件,即干压压力为20T、冷等静压压力为200MPa。     

成型方式对反应烧结碳化硼基复合材料性能的影响

本文针对干压成型结合冷等静压成型对反应烧结碳化硼基复合材料样品性能的影响进行研究.考察了成型压力、保压时间、加压方式对压坯密度和强度的影响.结果表明:采用100 MPa干压2 min,再经过150 MPa冷等静压保压1 min,压坯密度由干压压制时最大密度1.86 g/cm3升高到1.96 g/cm3,压坯强度可达到2.0 MPa.保压时间和加压方式对压坯的密度、强度的影响不大.干压结合冷等静压相对于干压成型,在相同的烧结温度下样品性能有明显的提高,烧结后样品密度为2.44 g/cm3,显微硬度为2394 kg/cm2,三点抗弯强度为241 MPa.     

亚微米高纯透明氧化铝陶瓷材料的制备方法

该技术属于透明氧化铝陶瓷材料制备技术领域。其特征在于它依次含有如下的步骤:用干压加冷等静压的成型工艺把α-Al2O3粉末成型;然后对这些坯体使用无压预烧结:无压预烧结的温度为1200～1350℃,时间为30～480min;把预烧结后的坯体置入热等静压炉中进行后处理,处理温度为1150～1350℃,压力为140～190MPa,保温保压的时间为30～60min,用Ar气作保护气,得到的陶瓷体相对密度大于99.9%;最后对烧结出的陶瓷体进行平面磨制和抛光。它不用加任何添加剂,工艺简单;采用低温烧结,能耗低;尤其是晶粒尺寸小于1μm,故称为亚微米氧化铝陶瓷。因而具有较高…     

石墨凝胶注模工艺研究

采用凝胶注模成型工艺制备了石墨浆料,研究了石墨粉体类型、pH值、分散剂加入量和固相含量对浆料粘度的影响,浆料温度对凝胶固化时间的影响,以及乙酰丙酮对素坯强度的影响.实验结果表明:当采用等静压石墨粉,pH值为7,分散剂加入量为4wt%,固相含量为50vol%时,可制备流动性良好的石墨浆料;浆料温度为3 ℃时,凝胶固化时间为5.6 min;当乙酰丙酮加入量为0.6wt%时,素坯强度达到15.8 MPa.     

等静压成形工艺的优化研究

本文研究了等静压成形工艺过程中氧化铝造粒粉料成形后的坯体相对密度和强度随着各成形参数的变化而变化的规律,并进一步研究了其对烧结收缩的影响。实验表明:随着压力的增大,坯体密度逐渐提高,强度也相应增大;保压时间对坯体的相对密度影响不明显;在成形压力范围内,坯体相对密度对烧结之后的试样致密度影响不大。     

高密度等静压石墨的制备与微观结构表征

本研究旨在深入探讨高密度等静压石墨的制备与微观结构表征,详细介绍石墨等静压制备的工艺流程。同时,阐述了石墨等静压制备的微观结构表征方法。在实验结果与讨论部分,通过对所得数据的分析,揭示了不同工艺参数对高密度等静压石墨的微观结构具有显著影响,得出结论：在高密度等静压石墨制备中,优化原料预处理、调整加工参数,能够有针对性地控制微观结构,显著提升孔隙度、改善晶体排列,从而改良石墨的物理性能,为其广泛应用提供了科学依据。     

石墨钛酸铝复合除气转子的研制

采用石墨与钛酸铝陶瓷保护套管复合制成石墨钛酸铝复合除气转子,进行了陶瓷保护套管用钛酸铝材料的研究,以及复合除气转子中间过度层的研究。利用钛酸铝具有高熔点（1860℃）、低膨胀和低导热等特性制成保护套管,经过对石墨进行表面处理及合适的中间过度层,经适当的复合工艺制成石墨陶瓷复合除气转子。结果表明,这种转子具有很好的抗热震性及优良精练除气效果。已在使用中显示出性能优异,完全满足铝合金铸件精练除气工艺要求。     

陶瓷制品的试制工艺

生产陶瓷制品包括五道主要工序：粉料制备，坯体压制，坯体加工，烧结和磨削，在必须提高坯体的加工性和改善工艺过程中烧结材料的物理机械悸能的情况下，可增添粉料的液体静压加工工序，坯体和预烧，二次机械加工等，该工艺适用于制作切削工具的工作部件，拉模，制作有色金属合金型材的工具，轴承，铰链，阀门，球阀，水枪喷嘴，压模部件，里衬构件，研磨体等。     

等静压石墨的生产工艺、主要用途和国内市场分析

介绍了等静压石墨的生产工艺,其中超细粉的制备、等静压技术、慢速焙烧等工艺环节是重点。并重点介绍了等静压石墨在单晶硅多晶硅、原子能工业、放电加工、金属连铸等领域的用途。分析了等静压石墨的国内市场情况。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。