Experimental study on pore pressure in rock-soil slope during reservoir water level fluctuation

1 Introduction The effect of seepage flow is a key problem in the investigation on the landslide fail- ure. Water in landslide comes mainly from the infiltration of rainwater and seepage flow of ground water. Rivers and reservoirs are the dominant sources of ground water in landslide. The infiltration of water will cause variations of the ground water level in landslides, which sometimes play a key role in the landslide stability. In particular, the fluctuation of water level varies remarkabl…     

饱水沥青路面动力响应的空间分布分析

水-荷载的耦合作用是沥青路面早期损坏的主要原因之一。首先基于饱和多孔介质理论,建立饱水沥青路面动力响应分析的三维有限元模型,并给出了荷载作用形式、边界条件和材料参数;而后对比分析了动态荷载作用下,饱水沥青路面和无水沥青路面的竖向位移、竖向应力、剪应力和孔隙水压力的空间分布情况。结果表明,与无水状态相比,饱和状态下沥青路面的应力场和位移场都发生了变化,且出现了较大的孔隙水压力的正负逆转,这种孔隙水压力的反复作用将导致集料和沥青粘结的破坏。     

水-荷载耦合作用下沥青路面孔隙水压力研究

水-荷载的耦合作用是沥青路面早期损坏的主要原因之一.基于饱和多孔介质理论通过轴对称有限元的瞬态动力分析,计算得到饱和沥青路面内部孔隙水压力的时程变化;分析不同渗透性、车速和荷载条件下的孔隙水压力变化规律.结果表明,荷载的动态作用导致沥青路面内部的孔隙水压力具有波动性质;正负孔隙水压力的循环作用是沥青膜破坏的主要诱因;路面内部存水时,高速、重载将加速沥青路面性能衰减.     

基于混合物理论的饱和介质体应变本构模型

为了解决饱和多孔介质的建模问题,采用工程混合物理论建立了饱和多孔介质体积本构理论框架。首先,假定多孔固相与流相基质体积变形功相互独立,采用Terzaghi有效球应力、孔压和流体基质压力作为本构模型的应力状态变量,获得了固相、固相基质和流相基质体应变的余能表达式。其次,根据Lade和De Boer模型试验加卸载测试数据,建立了加卸载阶段饱和多孔白塞木立方体流固两相体积本构方程,推导了固相体积切线模量、Biot切线系数和流相Biot切线模量等力学参数计算公式。分析了加载阶段固相体积切线模量,Biot切线系数,流相Biot切线模量等力学参数随Terzaghi有效球应力和孔压变化规律。最后,根据本文体积本构模型和静力平衡方程建立了饱和多孔介质的一维固结方程,数值分析了饱和多孔白塞木立方体的固结特性,获得了固结度和沉降随时间变化曲线。研究表明,固相体积切线模量随Terzaghi有效球应力的增大而增大,随孔压 的增大而减小。Biot切线系数介于0.42~0.95之间,随Terzaghi有效球应力和孔压的增大而减小。流体Biot切线模量随Terzaghi有效球应力增大而先减小后增大,随孔压增大而减小。孔压切线系数在大多数情况下小于1.0。考虑固相基质变形时饱和多孔介质的初始孔压不等于外荷载,因此饱和多孔介质在外荷载作用下存在瞬时沉降。本文提出的建模方法可用于非线性饱和多孔介质的建模和数值分析工作。     

Online dynamic measurement of saturation-capillary pressure relation in sandy medium under water level fluctuation

An online dynamic method based on electrical conductivity probe, tensiometer and datataker was presented to measure saturation-capillary pressure (S-p) relation in water-light nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) two-phase sandy medium under water level fluctuation. Three-electrode electrical conductivity probe (ECP) was used to measure water saturation. Hydrophobic tensiometer was obtained by spraying waterproof material to the ceramic cup of commercially available hydrophilic tensiometer. A couple of hydrophilic tensiometer and hydrophobic tensiometer were used to measure pore water pressure and pore LNAPL pressure of the sandy medium, respectively. All the signals from ECP and tensiometer were collected by a data taker connected with a computer. The results show that this method can finish the measurement of S-p relation of a complete drainage or imbibition process in less than 60 min. It is much more timesaving compared with 10–40 d of traditional methods. Two cycles of water level fluctuation were produced, and four saturation-capillary pressure relations including two stable residual LNAPL saturations of the sandy medium were obtained during in 350 h. The results show that this method has a good durable performance and feasibility in the porous medium with complicated multiphase flow. Although further studies are needed on the signal stability and accuracy drift of the ECP, this online dynamic method can be used successfully in the rapid characterization of a LNAPL migration in porous media.     

Numerical study on rainfall infiltration in rock-soil slop

A mathematical model for the rain infiltration in the rock-soil slop has been established and solved by using the finite element method. The unsteady water infiltrating process has been simulated to get water content both in the homogeneous and heterogeneous media. The simulated results show that the rock blocks in the rock-soil slop can cause the wetting front moving fast. If the rain intensity is increased, the saturated region will be formed quickly while other conditions are the same. If the rain intensity keeps a constant, it is possible to accelerate the generation of the saturated region by properly increasing the vertical filtration rate of the rock-soil slop. However, if the vertical filtration rate is so far greater than the rain intensity, it will be difficult to form the saturated region in the rock-soil slop. The numerical method was verified by comparing the calculation results with the field test data.     

Numerical study on rainfall infiltration in rock-soil slop

1 Introduction The effect of water on landslide stability has been paid much attention to for a long time. Water in landslide primarily comes from rainfall infiltration, ground water and other sources. Among them, the rainfall, which is a kind of uncontrollable external con- dition, is of significance for landslide failures. The landslide accidents induced by rain- fall are possessed of a large proportion. Especially, the group landslides caused by rain- fall commonly result in very serious h…     

基于LTNE的二维饱和多孔介质平板热流固完全耦合数值分析

针对目前多孔介质热流固耦合数学模型多为不完全耦合模型,且物理模型多为一维或一维轴对称模型的现状,对二维饱和多孔介质平板热流固完全耦合问题进行数学建模和数值分析.采用强耦合方式实现热流固3个物理场的完全耦合.在平板左侧施加30℃流体和固体温度边界条件及固定位移边界条件,平板其他边界温度场和位移场假设为自然边界条件,平板四周加载0Pa的孔隙压力边界条件.利用COMSOL Multiphysics有限元分析软件的偏微分方程（PDEs）模式实现上述完全耦合模型的求解,得到渗流场、应变场以及双温度场的数值解.数值结果表明,随时间增加,流体和固体温度、应变及孔隙压力沿x轴方向传递,同时发现x轴方向应变远大于y轴方向应变.此外,随时间增加,y轴方向应变和孔隙压力最大值逐渐减小.研究建立的数学模型和数值解有助于深入认识二维饱和多孔介质热流固完全耦合力学行为.     

多孔介质孔隙度问题的理论探讨

目的 研究在温度和孔隙水压力作用下,各向同性多孔介质材料孔隙度和损伤变量以及分形维数之间的理论关系.方法 基于Mori-Tanaka理论,建立了各向同性多孔介质材料的宏观损伤变量与细观孔隙度之间的联系,利用分形理论推导了各向同性多孔介质材料孔隙度和分形维数之间的关系式.结果 若已知初始时刻的孔隙度、温度和孔隙水压力等的变化情况,就可以求出各向同性多孔介质材料的损伤演化规律,以及孔隙度与分形维数之间的定量关系.结论 文中建立的在温度和孔隙水压力作用下,各向同性多孔介质材料的损伤演化规律以及孔隙度和分形维数之间的定量关系,对于多孔介质材料力学性质的研究具有重要的理论价值.     

多孔介质中油气体系相平衡规律研究

油气体系和储层多孔介质是一个相互作用的系统，当地层压力低于饱和压力时，储层中同时存在气、液、固（指岩石）三相，在多孔介质中，由于孔隙半径小，因而毛细管压力应予以考虑，在建立了考虑毛细管压力的相平衡计算模型之后，针对二个凝析气藏，一个黑油油藏和一个挥发油藏，分别对其油气体系的毛细管压力，饱和压力和恒组成膨胀过程中液相含量进行了相态模拟模拟计算，总结出毛细管压力对油气体系相平衡的影响规律。     

The 3-D non-axisymmetrical Lamb''''s problem in transversely isotropic saturated poroelastic media

The dynamic analysis of saturated poroelastic media is significant in many areas such as seismology, earthquake engineering, soil mechanics and geophysics. In 1956, Biot[1—3] first developed the dynamic equations for saturated poroelastic media. He also discussed systematically the propagation of waves in such two-phase media and further predicted the existence of the slow longitudinal wave. Biots work is consummate while the two formal parameters he introduced are difficult to measure. In t…     

三维多孔介质的热弹性动力问题研究

在Ｂｉｏｔ理论的基础上，考虑了瞬态热弹性，热载荷影响因素，对在这一因素作用下的三维多孔介质的基本方程进行了推导。讨论了瞬态热弹性，热载荷作用下多孔介质４种情况的边界并进行了划分。     

地下水位波动对地基土变形特性的影响

地下水位波动直接影响土层有效应力与孔隙水压力的相互转化.水位上升,孔隙水压力增大,有效应力减小,对地基土工程性质影响较大.结合工程实践,通过对比天然状态及饱和状态下固结试验成果,评价地下水位波动对变形参数的影响程度.结果表明,地下水位波动对黏性土变形参数影响较为明显,对粗粒土影响较小,同时对不同基础形式下水位上升产生的附加沉降变形进行了计算分析.结果可为地下水位波动区工程建设中地基处理参数的选取提供参考.     

细粒含量对饱和砂土动孔压演化特性的影响

利用GDS循环三轴仪,对不同细粒含量砂土进行了不排水动三轴液化试验,并基于Seed孔压应力模型,研究了细粒含量对液化进程中动孔压演化特性的影响。研究结果表明：细粒含量对砂土孔压发展影响较大,其影响主要体现在孔压发展模式参数θ的不同。含细粒砂土中细粒含量与孔压参数θ的关系不是呈单调的线性关系。参数θ先随着细粒含量的增加而减小,并在细粒含量为30%时达到最小值,之后随着细粒含量的增加又逐渐增加,不同的是参数θ在细粒含量超过30%后,其增加的趋势相对平缓。通过对不同细粒含量砂土动孔压演化特性试验研究,更进一步证明了临界含量的存在,试验所用的含细粒砂土,临界细粒含量在30%左右。     

高速铁路无砟轨道路基翻浆模型试验

针对高速铁路无砟轨道出现的路基翻浆病害,构建了足尺的轨道路基翻浆模型试验系统,量测了路基翻浆发生过程中路基的含水率、基质吸力和超孔隙水压力,分析了高速列车动荷载作用下路基动水压力的变化规律,并探讨了高速铁路无砟轨道路基翻浆的机理和影响因素.结果表明:无砟轨道基床表层在雨水入渗条件下基本处于饱和状态,在列车动荷载的长期作用下,易发生翻浆病害;超孔隙水压力的显著增大导致路基发生翻浆,翻浆区域内超孔隙水压力的增量沿基床表层深度方向上保持不变;饱和状态下,底座板两侧路基的超孔隙水压力较路基中心线下更高,更易发生翻浆.降低路基含水率或孔隙水压力可有效地防止和抑制路基翻浆的发生.     

具有半封闭隧道的饱和粘弹性土动力特性

考虑介质和流体的压缩性,根据Biot理论和弹性壳体理论,在频率域内研究了饱和分数导数粘弹性土体-半封闭圆形隧道壳体衬砌系统耦合振动.将土体视为液固饱和多孔介质,选择反映介质流变特性的分数导数模型描述土骨架的应力-位移本构关系,又引入部分透水的边界条件,得到了饱和粘弹性土体中半封闭隧洞内边界分别在轴对称荷载和流体压力作用下位移、应力和孔压的表达式.进行了参数分析,研究表明:轴对称荷载条件下,分数导数阶数对系统响应的影响远大于流体压力情形下的动力响应,且存在明显的共振效应,但流体压力条件下不产生共振现象.     

饱和土中球形沼气池的动力响应

采用解析方法研究饱和土中球形沼气池的频域响应.将土体视为流固两相介质,饱和土体的动力学行为采用Biot理论模拟,建立具有球形沼气池饱和土体的动力方程.通过引入势函数,得到饱和土体的位移、应力和孔隙水压力等的解析表达式.将模具结构视为均匀弹性介质,根据弹性理论,推导模具结构的位移和应力解.根据土体和模具结构接触面以及模具结构内边界的连续性条件,确定待定系数的具体表达式.与单相土中球形沼气池动力响应的结果、有无模具结构的结果、有限元方法、边界单元法进行对比分析.考察饱和土和模具结构各参数对位移和孔压幅值的影响,结果表明：流体压缩性系数对响应幅值的影响与接触面的孔隙水渗透性有关;边界透水情形下流固耦合系数对系统动力响应的影响远大于不透水情形下的系统动力响应.     

基于多孔介质理论的饱和土中球形空腔的稳态响应

将土体视为液固饱和2相多孔介质,利用多孔介质理论描述饱和土的宏观力学行为,运用势函数和贝塞尔函数的性质求解了饱和土体中球形空腔的稳态响应问题,得到了简谐动荷载作用下球形空腔的径向位移、径向应力和孔隙水压力的解,分析了饱和土液固耦合系数对球形空腔稳态响应的影响,并分析了径向位移、径向应力和孔隙水压力沿半径方向的消散规律.     

Behaviour of large post-liquefaction deformation in saturated sand-gravel composites

The laboratory tests on the post-liquefaction deformation of saturated sand-gravel composites were performed to investigate the characteristics of stress-strain relation and the dissipation of pore water pressure by the hollow cylinder apparatus. It is found that the stress-strain response and the dissipation process of pore water pressure are composed of three stages, including the low intensive strength stage, the superlinear strength recovery stage and the sublinear strength recovery stage, and the demarcation points of the curve of pore water pressure are lag behind those of the stress-strain response. The comparison results of the behaviour of large post-liquefaction deformation between saturated sand-gravel composites and Nanjing fine sand show that the low intensive strength stage and the superlinear strength recovery stage of saturated sand-gravel composites are shorter while the sublinear strength recovery stage is longer. A stress-strain model and a dissipation model of excess pore water pressure of liquefied sand-gravel composites are established, in which the initial confining pressure and the relative density can be considered synthetically. And it is found that the predicted results by the two models are in good agreement with experimental data.     

基于吸附⁃水合法MIL⁃101(Cr)中甲烷储存特性研究

为了在温和条件下提高多孔介质中甲烷的储量,基于吸附⁃水合法研究了MIL⁃101(Cr)中甲烷的储存特性。首先制备了MIL⁃101(Cr)材料,然后对材料进行了表征,最后在271.15 K、0～7.0 MPa及不同含水量下进行了甲烷吸附实验。合成的材料颗粒大小均一,晶粒尺寸为100～150 nm,几乎不含杂质,孔径主要分布在1.7～3.6 nm。吸附实验结果表明,MIL⁃101(Cr)在含水情况下对甲烷的吸附量更高,且随着含水量的增加,甲烷的吸附量增大;多孔介质中水合物成核所需压力比自由体系水合物成核所需压力高,且含水量越大,临界压力越高;实验所用的MOF材料在多次再生后仍具有较好的吸附能力。研究结果对提高天然气的储量具有一定的意义。