在润滑油调合中如何正确使用T803B

T803B属于聚a烯烃,在润滑油调合中作为降凝剂,是我国北方冬季用油必不可少的添加剂,尤其在调凝点较低的油品以及多级内燃机油方面,更是发挥着不可替代的作用。但是T803B的降凝效果井不是一成不变的,其降凝效果不仅与所选基础油有关,而且与同其配伍的添加剂种类有关。这就要求我们熟悉掌握T803B的使用特性,以便降低生产配方成本,在实际生产中取得更好的经济效益。为此,我们总结了T803B实验室中的试验结果,分析了实际调合中出现的问题并转化为实验结果,供稿如下:1 材料及材料性质基础油:本实验采用大庆石蜡基础油,其指标要求符合中国石化部公司提出的Q/SHR001-95规格标准。具体数据如表1示:     

新型含N杂环化合物的合成及其摩擦学性能研究

合成了一种新型含N杂环化合物添加剂,利用红外光谱仪定性分析了其结构,利用热重试验和油溶性试验考察了其热稳定性及其对液体石蜡基础油的感受性,利用四球和HQ-1环块试验机考察了其摩擦学性能。结果表明其具有较好的热稳定性及其对液体石蜡基础油良好的感受性,能降低长磨磨斑直径和减小摩擦因数,有效提高基础油的摩擦学性能。     

CNG/汽油两用燃料发动机油清净分散性试验研究

按CNG/汽油两用燃料发动机对机油清净分散性能要求,选择了几种清净分散剂,通过试验考察了基础油与添加剂的感受性,采用均匀设计分析了几种添加剂之间的复配性能。试验结果表明:几种添加剂的最佳配比为T104∶T106∶T151∶T152=2∶3∶5∶5。     

磷酸酯与其它添加剂在菜籽油中摩擦相互作用研究

采用均匀试验设汁方法研究了磷酸三丁酯和磷酸三苯酯作为植物油基润滑油的抗磨剂与降凝剂T803-B、粘度指数改进剂ECA8358、清净剂T102、分散剂T152及L117之间的配伍性，探讨了相互作用摩擦机理。结果表明：T803B能增加其承载能力，T152能够促进其减摩性能，T102能降低磷酸三丁酯的抗磨作用。     

可生物降解润滑油基础油抗氧化安定性的研究

通过分析可生物降解润滑油的生物降解性与基础油氧化安定性两方面的要求，合理选用基础油和抗氧抗腐添加剂。引入均匀设计方法，安排多因素试验分析基础油对抗氧添加剂的感受性以及抗氧添加剂的配伍性。应用计算机对实验结果进行处理，最后发现DNA、CuDDP、ZDDP及T706按一定比例复配后使植物基基础油具有良好的抗氧化性能。     

抗磨添加剂在不同ATF基础油中摩擦学性能研究

选择矿物油、部分合成油、全合成油作为自动变速箱油基础油,将不同的极压抗磨剂T203、T307、T306加入不同的基础油组合中,通过四球机测试不同极压抗磨添加剂在基础油中的摩擦学特性。试验结果表明:在单一基础油中,T203、T307对矿物油的抗磨性能最优,不同添加量T306在不同基础油中抗磨性能较相近;在极压性能方面,T203、T306在全合成油中的极压性感受性最优,T307在各基础油中极压性能差别不大;其中部分合成油中,合成油的比例对摩擦性能的影响也有不同程度差异;与单剂相比,双剂配合没有明显提高基础油抗磨性。     

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0254-0150.2012.08.023

选用几种加氢异构化的基础油作为试验原料,采用核磁共振波谱法分析其烃类结构组成;利用加压差示扫描量热法(PDSC)研究基础油的异构化程度与氧化安定性的关系,考察异构化基础油对抗氧剂的感受性.结果表明,异构化程度高的基础油氧化安定性较好,对抗氧剂的感受性也较好.     

极压抗磨剂在GTL基础油中的感受性研究*

为探讨GTL基础油与常用极压抗磨剂感受性,分别将二烷基二硫代磷酸锌（T203）、磷酸三甲酚酯（T306）、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼（S-525）、钼胺络合物（MOLYVAN 855）、硫磷酸复酯胺盐（T307）、硫化异丁烯（T321）和合成酯（VANLUBE 7723）与GTL基础油进行调配,利用四球摩擦试验机分别考察单剂和复配后油样的最大无卡咬负荷、磨斑直径和摩擦因数。结果表明：T307、MOLYVAN 855在GTL基础油中极压性和抗磨性最优;T203和VANLUBE 7723复配、T203和MOLYVAN 855复配对GTL基础油极压性和抗磨性能提升明显,而T203和S-525复配具有最佳的减摩效果;T306分别和S-525、T307和T321复配时表现出的极压性能变化趋势相似,而T306和T307复配在表现出良好极压性能的同时,兼具有较好的减摩抗磨效果。     

影响轴承防锈油抗氧化及结胶性能的原因分析

针对2种类型的基础油与2种生产工艺的磺酸钡调配的轴承防锈油,测试分析了其防锈性、抗氧化及结胶性能。结果表明:轴承防锈油膜发生结胶与基础油的抗氧化性有关,与磺酸钡的生产工艺没有相关性。具有良好抗氧化性和缓蚀剂感受性的APIⅠ类基础油可提高轴承防锈油的防锈性能。     

采用加氢基础油的L-DRG10全封闭冷冻机油研制

为开发一种满足R600a制冷压缩机使用工况要求的低黏度全封闭冷冻机油,结合环烷基加氢基础油优良的低温性能和石蜡基加氢基础油优良的热稳定性、黏温性能,优选出合格的L-DRG10全封闭冷冻机油基础油组成;再通过添加抗氧剂、抗泡剂、抗磨剂等功能添加剂,研制出符合GB/T 16630-2012的适用于R600a全封闭压缩机的L-DRG10全封闭冷冻机油。评价结果表明,研制的L-DRG10全封闭冷冻机油具有良好的低温性和润滑性,与制冷剂共存时有良好的相溶性和热-化学稳定性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.