Influence of solid contaminants in oil on wear characteristics of nano-Al2O3／Ni composite coating

Solid conlaminants in Iubrication system will cause severe wear of sliding components. In order 1o improve the wear resistance of the material in oil containing solid contaminants, the brush plated nano-Al2O3/Ni composite coating was prepared and the influence of the sand content and sand size on the tribological property of the coating in oil containing solid contaminants was tested with ball-on-disc tester. The results show that the wear volume increases with increasing the sand content and sand size, and the wear resistance of the composite coating is 20% higher than that of the high-speed plain nickel coating. The main wear mechanisms of the coatings are abrasive wear and adhesive wear. And due to the nano-particle strengthening effect, the wear resistance of the composite coating is improved.     

反应热压（A12O3＋TiB2＋A13Ti）／Al复合材料的组织形成机制

采用B或B2O3、TiO2和Al粉反应热压制备了原位(Al2O3 TiB2 Al3Ti)／Al复合材料，采用光学显徽镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜分析了原位复合材料的显微组织。热压状态下，反应生成相Al3Ti呈大块不规则形状，尺寸约几十微米；Al2O3和TiB2为细小弥散质点，TEM分析发现TiB2颗粒呈六边形，而Al2O3颗粒呈等轴状。在以Al粉、TiO2粉和B粉为原料制备的复合材料中，除反应生成了大块的Al3Ti相外，还有细小针状Al3Ti相沉淀析出，且呈弥散分布。热挤压后大块的Al3Ti被破碎成细小弥散质点。Al2O3在TiO2和B2O3粉末表面生成；TiB2在B或B2O3粉表面形成，因而均呈弥散分布，且尺寸细小。自TiO2中还原出的Ti溶入液态Al中形成A13Ti时，Ti可在液态Al中长距离扩散，因而Al3Ti呈大块不规则状。     

High temperature oxidation resistance of plasma sprayed NiCrAl＋（ZrO2＋Y2O3） gradated coating on stainless steel surface

The plasma sprayed gradated coating with the bottom layer of NiCrA1 and the top layer of （ZrO2＋Y2O3） was prepared by the plasma spraying technique. The phase structure and morphology of the gradated coating were analyzed by means of X-ray diffractometry （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The high temperature oxidation resistance of the plasma sprayed samples at 800℃ was investigated. The oxidation kinetics curve was obtained. The results show that the thickness of gradated coating is about 410 μm. The plasma sprayed gradated coating on stainless steel surface can improve the high temperature oxidation resistance of stainless steel. The oxidation rate of stainless steel is less than that of plasma sprayed gradated coating. The oxidation film of plasma sprayed sample is very dense and is not easily exfoliated. The dense oxidation film prevents the stainless steel from more oxidation.     

重熔对（Al2O3＋Al3Zr）p／A356复合材料组织及力学性能的影响

利用A356-ZrOCl2体系,通过熔体原位反应法制备了(Al2O3 Al3Zr)p/A356复合材料.X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)分析表明,A356-ZrOCl2体系原位合成的增强颗粒为Al3Zr和Al2O3,颗粒细小,且均匀分布在基体中;该复合材料经不同温度的重熔时,随着重熔温度的提高,重熔组织中内生颗粒的分布更均匀,形态趋于圆钝化,但温度过高会导致局部颗粒的粗化,最佳的重熔温度为850℃.同时,随着重熔次数的增加,颗粒变得更细小,分布更均匀,但过多次数的重熔导致了颗粒体积分数的减少,最佳的重熔次数为5次.拉伸试验结果表明,复合材料的抗拉强度随着重熔温度的提高以及重熔次数的增加而增大,但过高温度以及过多次数的重熔均导致了复合材料抗拉强度的下降.     

Computer simulation of order-disorder phase transition in the intercalation compounds M1／2TiS2 （M = Fe, Co, Ni）

Based on cluster variation method (CVM) and natural iteration method (NIM), order-disorde phase transition inthe intercalation compounds M_(1/2)TiS_2 is simulated by computer. The favorble conditions, under which 3a_0~(1/2)×a_0 super-structure is formed, are given, and the results are in good agreement with the experiments and theoretical calculations. Therelationship between critical temperature and M-ion-vacancy interaction parameter is linear.     

反应火焰喷涂TiC/Fe复合涂层组织及形成机理

以TiFe粉和碳的前驱体（石油沥青）为原料通过前驱体碳化复合技术制备了Ti-Fe-C系反应喷涂复合粉末,并用普通火焰喷涂技术制备了TiC/Fe陶瓷金属复合涂层.观测了喷涂粉末、淬熄实验获取的飞行粒子以及涂层的形态、相和组织结构.结果表明：前驱体碳化复合Ti-Fe-C系喷涂粉末有非常紧密的结构;可有效的解决反应喷涂过程中原料粉末分离的问题.在反应火焰喷涂过程中,每一个喷涂粉末颗粒构成独立的微小反应单元,原料之间反应充分.在整个喷涂过程中喷涂粉末经历了熔化扩散、物相形成、碰撞后快速凝固三个阶段.所得涂层由TiC和Ti2O3共生聚集片层和细小TiC颗粒弥散分布于金属基体所形成的内晶型复合强化片层交替叠加而成.     

反应火焰喷涂的TiC/Fe金属陶瓷复合涂层

以TiFe粉和碳的前驱体(石油沥青)为原料,通过碳化制备Ti-Fe-C系反应喷涂复合粉末,并通过普通火焰喷涂技术成功制备了TiC/Fe金属陶瓷复合涂层;采用XRD、SEM和EDS对喷涂粉末和涂层的成分、组织结构进行了分析,同时对涂层耐磨性能进行了对比研究.结果表明:采用前驱体碳化复合技术制备的Ti-Fe-C系复合喷涂粉末粒度均匀、无有害相生成;喷涂所得到的TiC/Fe金属陶瓷复合涂层由片状的铁基体和弥散分布的TiC颗粒组成;TiC颗粒大致呈球形,粒度一般在0.5 μm以下;相同条件下所获涂层的磨损体积大约是常规火焰喷涂Ni60涂层的1/5.     

Fabrication of in-situ synthesized ceramic reinforced Ni-based alloy composite coatings by reactive braze coating processing

In-situ synthesized ceramic such as TiC, Cr7C3 and Cr5B3 reinforced Ni-based alloy composite coating was fabricated on the surface of mild steel substrate by reactive braze coating processing with colloidal graphite, Cr, Ni, ferro-boron, Si and titanium powders as the raw materials at low temperature of 1 000 ℃, and a new kind of coating materials was developed. By means of SEM, EDS, XRD and surface hardness tester, the microstructures, phases, hardness and wear-resistance of the coating were analyzed, respectively. The results revealed that the coating was mainly composed of the ceramic in-situ synthesized reinforcement phases of TiC, Cr7C3 and Cr5B3 and the binder phases in-situ synthesized of Ni31Si12 and (Ni, Fe) solid solution; The ceramic reinforcement phases of TiC, Cr7C3 and Cr5B3 were randomly distributed in the binder phases of Ni31Si12 and (Ni, Fe) solid solution; The coating had about 15vol% pores and can possibly be applied as a self-lubrication coating; The coating and the substrate were integrated together by metallurgical bonding; The coating had a hardness up to 91-94HR15N.     

激光熔覆Fe/NiCr-Cr3C2复合涂层的组织和磨损性能

利用激光熔覆技术在GCr15 钢表面制备Fe/NiCr-Cr₃C₂复合涂层,研究不同NiCr-Cr₃C₂含量对铁基涂层微观组织和磨损性能的影响。结果表明:随NiCr-Cr₃C₂含量的增多,复合涂层显微组织逐渐细化,在铁基合金里掺入NiCr-Cr₃C₂金属陶瓷粉末导致复合涂层里残留奥氏体含量增多,α-Fe相含量减少,截面硬度显著降低。当加入10%NiCr-Cr₃C₂时,复合涂层中出现较多的Cr₃C₂和Cr₂₃C₆硬质相,同时磨痕表面生成了具有减摩作用的氧化产物,从而降低了磨耗和摩擦阻力,使涂层表现出最佳的耐磨性能。     

激光熔覆Ti/Cr3C2复合涂层的组织与性能

利用预置Ti/Cr₃C₂复合粉末对H13模具钢进行了激光熔覆处理。通过SEM分析了不同粉末摩尔比下涂层的显微组织,讨论了涂层在干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性及在800 ℃静态空气中的高温抗氧化性。XRD结果表明,复合涂层中主要物相为（Fe, Cr）固溶体和TiC、Cr₇C₃增强相。复合涂层室温（25 ℃）和高温（700 ℃）下的耐磨性较基体均有提高,相对耐磨性最低分别为3.68和3.79。800 ℃恒温氧化条件下具有较好的高温抗氧化性,氧化膜主要由Cr₂O₃和TiO₂组成。Ti和Cr₃C₂摩尔比为2.44:1时具有较好的耐磨性,摩尔比为2:1时具有较好的高温抗氧化性。     

大气等离子喷涂NiCr/Cr3C2复合涂层的性能

采用化工冶金包覆、固相合金化和喷雾造粒技术制备了NiCr/Cr₃C₂复合粉体,并采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备了NiCr/Cr₃C₂复合涂层,采用SEM、显微硬度计、万能试验机和马弗炉对粉体和涂层的显微结构、涂层的显微硬度、结合强度和氧化性能进行了分析。结果显示:NiCr/Cr₃C₂涂层呈典型的层状结构,各层间结合良好,结合强度为(27.4±5) MPa,涂层显微硬度约850 HV0.2,为结合层显微硬度的2.7倍,涂层为典型的脆性断裂,断裂的位置发生在涂层的层与层之间。NiCr/Cr₃C₂涂层850 ℃氧化动力学曲线基本符合抛物线氧化规律。在氧化过程中涂层表面生产了氧化膜,且氧化膜会发生脱落,同时涂层内部出现了偏析现象,析出了金属Cr。     

高速电弧喷涂FeAlCrNi/Cr3C2复合涂层的摩擦学特性

使用T11以及THT07—135型高温磨损试验机对高速电孤喷涂（HVAS）FeAlCrNi／Cr3C2复合涂层进行了滑动摩擦磨损特性的研究,并用SEM,TEM,X－ray等手段观察分析了磨痕的形貌和成分、涂层截面的组织和相结构。结果表明：FeAlCrNi／Cr3C2复合涂层具有典型的层状结构且有较高的结合强度和硬度;在常温和高温下,涂层的摩擦系数在开始阶段存在“跑合”现象;随着温度的升高,涂层的摩擦系数降低,耐磨损性能提高;剥层磨损是FeAlCrNi／C邙2复合涂层的主要磨损形式;Cr3C2增强相的加入,大大提高了涂层的耐磨损性能。     

hBN含量对等离子喷涂NiCr/Cr_3C_2-hBN复合涂层力学性能的影响

采用化工冶金包覆、喷雾造粒和固相合金化技术以Cr3C2和hBN为核心制备了NiCr/Cr3C2-h BN复合粉体,并用等离子喷涂技术制备了NiCr/Cr3C2-hBN涂层,研究了涂层的显微结构、物相组成、显微硬度和结合强度。研究结果表明,等离子喷涂NiCr/Cr3C2-h BN复合涂层呈典型的层状结构,各层之间结合良好。涂层的显微硬度和结合强度均随hBN含量的增加逐渐降低,当hBN含量为20%时,涂层的显微硬度和结合强度分别为NiCr/Cr3C2涂层的66%和50%。涂层断裂位置发生在涂层内部,为典型的脆性断裂。     

反应火焰喷涂TiC/Fe复合涂层的动力学

以钛铁、铁和石墨为主要原料,用反应火焰喷涂技术制备TiC/Fe复合涂层。在喷涂过程中,在氧乙炔火焰条件下引燃Fe-Ti-C体系的自蔓延高温合成(SHS)反应,研究该SHS反应的动力学。结果表明,适当增加铁和石墨,或减小反应组元的粒度,会显著降低体系的点火温度,可促进Fe-Ti-C反应体系在氧乙炔火焰中的点火进程。喷涂粉末粒度、氧乙炔火焰功率、喷涂距离以及喷涂粉末的原料配比均会影响Ti-C间的反应程度,从而影响Fe-Ti-C体系的反应动力学。