冷连轧AGC 系统的自适应Smith 广义预测控制

针对冷连轧AGC 系统存在较大的时间滞后以及对象模型参数时变的特点,提出了一种自适应Smith 广义预测控制算法. 该算法用Smith 预估器来克服滞后的影响,利用激光测速仪间接测量AGC 系统的滞后时间以修 正Smith 预估器的时滞部分模型,使用渐消记忆递推最小二乘算法在线辨识对象参数来修正Smith 预估器的非时滞 部分的模型,并根据辨识得到的对象参数设计自适应广义预测控制器代替传统Smith 预估算法中的PID 控制器. 仿 真研究表明,在模型失配及干扰的情况下,该控制算法仍然具有良好的控制性能和鲁棒稳定性能.     

暖通空调控制系统Smith预估器自适应算法设计

针对暖通空调(HVAC)系统控制过程中存在的大时滞问题,研究在系统模型参数改变情况下克服时滞影响的方法.对于一阶带纯时滞的空调系统模型,利用信号相关理论和李亚普诺夫稳定理论,推导出了Smith预估器模型参数的自适应算法.本算法使Smith预估器可以在系统模型改变的情况下在线整定,从而实时更新参数.将此自适应Smith预估器应用于空调系统控制,可以避免在模型参数失配情况下引起的系统不稳定甚至振荡,解决了空调控制中大时滞对系统动态性能的影响,提高了稳定性.     

自适应修正Smith算法控制大时滞过程的仿真研究

传统的Smith预估器的控制效果严重依赖于被控对象的精确数学模型,对于缺乏精确数学模型且参数时变的大时滞过程,常规的Smith预估控制器就很难获得令人满意的控制效果。本文提出了一种改进的自适应修正Smith算法,并将其应用于恒温箱的大时滞恒温过程控制的仿真中,使控制品质得到改善,提高了系统的鲁棒性。     

基于BP神经网络的火电厂水质调节自适应控制的仿真研究

针对火电厂锅炉水质调节过程的大时滞时变特性,常规控制算法控制效果不好的问题,本文提出了基于BP神经网络的Smith-PID鲁棒自适应控制算法,利用BP神经网络的任意非线性表达能力和很强的自学习能力,在线自学习整定PID参数,被控对象不需要精确辩识,控制器参数跟踪被控对象自适应调整,克服了常规PID算法不适用于大时滞过程控制和常规Smith预估补偿控制对模型不确定性敏感的缺陷.MATLAB仿真表明,本文控制算法的静态特性、动态品质良好,鲁棒性强.     

新型的Smith自适应辨识控制算法

针对参数缓慢变化的时滞对象,按照模型参考辨识的设计思想,将时滞对象看作一个被辨识过程,用广义误差e经过自适应辨识器在线调整smith预估器,使其与时滞对象的动态过程尽可能一致。利用超稳定性理论,设计出了在较大范围内被控对象参数可变的Smith自适应辨识器,并进行了仿真。结果表明,该控制算法取得了良好的控制效果,并且对于任何参数缓慢变化的时滞对象,均可用Smith自适应辨识控制算法加以控制。     

基于Smith的自适应模糊网络拥塞控制算法

针对网络拥塞控制系统中因网络时滞对主动队列管理算法产生的不利影响, 提出了一种基于Smith预估的自适应模糊主动队列管理算法。该算法将Smith预估控制与自适应模糊控制相结合, 利用Smith预估器补偿网络时滞, 同时运用模糊控制在一定程度上克服了传统Smith预估器对模型结构与参数的精确性过于敏感、鲁棒性差等缺点。仿真结果表明, 该方法可以使队列长度快速收敛到设定值, 同时维持较小的队列振荡, 尤其是在网络条件变化的情况下, 该算法优于传统PI控制、模糊控制和传统的滑模控制。     

一种时滞系统的改进无模型自适应预测控制

时滞现象广泛存在于工业过程系统中,常规控制器无法对难以获取精确模型的时滞系统进行有效控制.针对这类系统,结合跟踪-微分器获取微分信息的能力,利用Smith预估器预测未来时刻输出,提出了一种改进的无模型自适应预测控制(IMFAPC)方法,并对提出算法的收敛性和稳定性进行了分析.该算法不需要被控系统的模型信息,仅需要实时的...     

大时滞系统自适应模糊Smith控制

针对大时滞对象,把史密斯（Smith）预估控制原理和模糊控制器参数的自适应调整方法结合起来,即在Smith预估控制系统中,利用自适应机制在线整定模糊控制器的参数,即根据控制系统在各个阶段呈现出的不同特点来适时调节模糊控制器的量化和比例因子,以适应对象特性的变化。仿真研究表明,所提方法能有效克服普通模糊控制算法不适应大时滞系统控制和常规Smith算法过于依赖模型精度的缺陷,提高了普通模糊控制器对大滞后系统的控制能力。同时该算法还具有很强的鲁棒性和良好的控制品质。     

一种改进的不确定性时滞系统控制算法

针对工业控制过程中普遍存在的不确定性时滞系统的控制问题,提出自适应鲁棒控制器与Smith预估器相结合的控制策略。用Matlab软件对该算法进行了仿真研究。并在电控柴油机系统中进行试验研究。仿真和实验结果表明该算法控制效果良好,解决了由不确定性和时滞性引起的系统不稳定问题,且易于实现。     

基于一阶时滞系统的Smith预估器控制研究

针对PID控制算法不能适用于大时滞系统,本文以一阶时滞系统（FOPDT）为控制对象,提出了基于Smith预估器的控制方案,当系统模型不精确或有扰动时,通过添加滤波器增强系统的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力。仿真结果表明：该方法可有效消除时滞对系统动态性能的影响,加快时滞系统的调节过程,减小超调量,提高系统的稳定性和抗干扰能力。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.