RC环梁连接的钢管混凝土柱-RC梁框架计算模型研究

RC环梁连接的钢管混凝土柱-RC梁框架在竖向荷载和水平荷载作用下,在环梁一定高度范围内,环梁与柱之间会有很窄的缝隙。通过有限元分析研究了环梁连接的转角刚度和环梁区域框架梁等效宽度以及它们的影响因素,结果表明环梁宽度和框架梁宽度对转角刚度和等效宽度影响较大。框架内力、位移计算以及两层两跨框架结构的静力试验和拟动力试验表明,环梁连接的钢管混凝土柱-RC梁框架可以采用梁柱直接刚性连接的模型进行弹性分析。     

典型框架-核心筒单重与双重抗侧力体系的抗震性能与剪力分担研究

在中国规范体系下,框架-核心筒结构应设计为双重抗侧力体系,其对二道防线的设计有明确的规定,即框架-核心筒体系的框架部分必须具有足够的抗侧刚度和承载力。国外的一些规范（如美国规范ASCE7等）则允许单重抗侧力体系,即水平荷载由剪力墙承担,框架部分只承担竖向荷载。因此,为了比较单重与双重抗侧力体系的抗震性能,该文首先根据中国规范设计一典型框架-核心筒双重抗侧力体系模型,然后在保持结构重力荷载代表值相等（混凝土用量基本不变）的前提下,基于以下调整原则设计了框架-核心筒单重抗侧力体系模型:1）在双重结构体系的基础上取消结构二道防线,即取消结构框架部分的楼层剪力调整;2）为了减小框架构件截面尺寸,该研究取消了框架构件抗震等级的要求,使筒体承受大部分的水平地震作用,而框架只承担结构的竖向荷载。该文对比分析了两种结构体系在多遇和罕遇地震作用下的响应特征和构件损伤情况,进而讨论两种体系的倒塌机理以及抗倒塌性能。最后讨论单重与双重体系在不同地震水准下,框架所承担剪力和剪力分担比的变化情况以及对应关键构件的破坏情况。研究表明:在地震作用下,双重抗侧力体系结构的响应略大于单重抗侧力体系,两者的抗倒塌能力相当。然而,单重体系的用钢量比双重体系少。     

顶部带伸臂的框架-核心筒结构的稳定性和位移、弯矩放大系数

对顶部带伸臂的框架-核心筒结构的整体稳定性进行了分析。通过对伸臂结构简化模型的分析,了解了伸臂各个组成部分的刚度对结构整体稳定承载力的贡献。采用连续化模型分析了伸臂结构的稳定性,提出了精度非常高的伸臂结构稳定临界荷载的公式。分别推导了不同水平荷载作用下,顶部作用竖向集中荷载时,伸臂结构的位移放大系数和各部分的弯矩和轴力放大系数,并提出了近似计算公式。     

基于试验的斜交网格-核心筒结构概率地震易损性分析

利用外部网状斜交框架和内部钢筋混凝土核心筒,斜交网格-核心筒结构形成具有较强抗侧刚度的筒中筒结构形式,被广泛应用于超高层建筑结构。采用模拟地震振动台试验获得不同地震动水准下模型结构的地震动响应结果。在结构抗震可靠度的经验和计算分析方法基础上,分析不同水准下结构发生各级破坏的概率,研究斜交网格-核心筒结构体系的整体抗震性能。最后,由振动台试验结果显示斜交网格结构构件的截面尺寸改变所在楼层的斜柱先于底部楼层的斜柱发生破坏。提出基于模型结构的振动台试验的概率地震易损性分析方法,对不同地震设防水准下原型结构的破坏概率进行研究,获得斜交网格-核心筒原型结构的概率地震易损性水平。     

矩形截面框架柱斜向受剪承载力计算模型

为避免矩形截面框架柱在斜向水平地震作用下发生脆性破坏,通过试验研究14根框架柱在斜向水平荷载作用下的受力性能和破坏机理。以桁架-拱模型为基础建立计算矩形截面框架柱斜向受剪承载力的空间桁架-拱模型,该模型主要考虑了框架柱截面面积、混凝土和箍筋材料强度、配箍率、轴压力以及混凝土强度折减系数对其斜向受剪承载力的影响。最后,利用该文以及其他试验共计30根矩形截面框架柱的斜向受剪承载力试验结果对此空间桁架-拱模型的可行性和适用性进行了验证,试验结果与计算值的对比表明利用该模型可以安全计算矩形截面框架柱斜向受剪承载力。     

钢筋混凝土框架-核心筒结构抗震性能研究

按照我国现行规范对钢筋混凝土框架-核心筒结构进行设计,经过多方案比较,研究了结构楼盖自重、内筒内墙以及使用轻质楼盖系统、型钢混凝土柱等新型构件形式对整体结构质量、抗侧刚度等的影响,提出减轻结构自重是改善结构抗震能力的一个有效途径。采用Perform 3D分析软件完成了该框架-核心筒结构的静力弹塑性推覆分析,研究了构件的塑性发展历程、构件变形和核心筒钢筋及混凝土纤维应变变化情况。结果表明:内筒连梁是框架-核心筒结构地震作用下的第一道抗震防线,内筒内墙的布置可增加结构的刚度并具有一定的耗能作用。     

水平荷载作用下异形柱框架结构内力计算

本文推导了异形截面柱抗侧刚度的计算公式,阐述了在水平荷载作用下异形柱框架结构内力与位移的计算方法.     

柱肢长宽比对空间异形柱框架抗震性能的影响

针对空间异形柱框架具有柱横截面不规则等特点,提出适用于该结构非线性有限元分析的方法。对该框架作适当的单元划分,并用子结构法及静力凝聚法提高计算效率,得到简化计算模型。在该模型中,运用分区离散截面法及主从系统中的偏心转化法来完成对异形截面的分离与组合。将该计算模型与单向及反复推覆分析方法相结合,探讨了空间异形柱框架结构抗震性能的分析方法,并验证了其有效性。通过对不同柱肢长宽比的空间异形柱框架在不同方向水平荷载作用下的推覆分析,获得柱肢长宽比对该框架抗震性能的影响规律。     

框支短肢剪力墙转换结构不同形式的试验对比分析

通过对框肢剪力墙梁式、加腋式和斜柱式三种转换结构在竖向荷载及水平低周期反复荷载共同作用下的拟静力试验,分析了试件的破坏形态、破坏机制、刚度退化规律及试件的抗震性能。由试验结果表明,对比分析加腋式和斜柱式转换结构有效的起到保护梁柱节点的作用,具有较好的刚度分布,利于抗震。     

SRC框架-RC核心筒混合结构抗震性能研究

为了进一步研究地震作用下钢梁-型钢混凝土(SRC)柱框架-钢筋混凝土(RC)核心筒混合结构的抗震性能,按8度(0.2g)设防、Ⅱ类场地设计了1个10层钢梁-SRC柱框架-RC核心筒混合结构原型,根据相似原理制作了缩尺比为1:5混合结构试验模型并进行了低周反复加载试验,基于试验结果,揭示了混合结构在地震作用下的复杂受力行为和破坏过程,并对混合结构的破坏特征、承载力、变形能力、滞回特性及耗能能力、强度衰减和刚度退化等进行了系统分析。最后,利用Opensees分析平台对该混合结构在水平荷载作用下的受力性能进行了非线性数值模拟,并对SRC框架-RC核心筒的剪力分配进行了计算分析。结果表明,SRC框架-RC核心筒混合结构具有良好的抗震性能,研究成果可为该类结构的抗震设计提供技术支撑。     

Stability of pre-twisted Leipholz' column

Summary The stability of a cantilever elastic column having a linear viscous internal damping subjected to uniformly distributed vertical and follower loads is investigated. The governing equations of motion for the flexural deformation in both directions of a pre-twisted slender column are derived and solved by using Galerkin's technique. The critical loads are obtained and represented in figures for various values of the damping, pre-twisting angle, rigidity ratio and non-conservativeness parameter. The cases of no damping and small damping are discussed for various values of the rigidity ratio and pre-twisting angle.With 6 Figures     

Stability and vibration of a column model with load-dependent support stiffness

This paper considers the effects of supports whose flexural resistances change as they are loaded. A one-degree-of-freedom, rigid-bar model of a column is analysed. At the support, there is a rotational spring whose stiffness depends on the vertical load applied to the bar. The spring may harden, soften, or initially soften and then harden as the load is increased. Bifurcation loads, post-buckling behaviour, and vibration frequencies are determined. Parametric instability under harmonically-varying loads is also investigated. Some unusual behaviour is found, including cases with two or three bifurcation points. Sometimes there are no bifurcation points and the vertical equilibrium configuration of the model is stable under any load. It is seen that changes in the support stiffness due to compression may have a significant effect on the stability and vibration of a structure     

Classes of exact solutions for buckling of multi-step non-uniform columns with an arbitrary number of cracks subjected to concentrated and distributed axial loads

The governing differential equation for buckling of a multi-step non-uniform column subjected to combined concentrated and distributed axial loads, each step of which has an arbitrary number of cracks with or without spring supports, is expressed in the form of bending moment. A model of massless rotational spring is adopted to describe the local flexibility induced by cracks in the column. In this paper, the distribution of flexural stiffness of a non-uniform column is arbitrary, and the distribution of axial forces acting on the column is expressed as a functional relation with the distribution of flexural stiffness and vice versa. The governing equation for buckling of a one-step non-uniform column is reduced to a differential equation of the second-order without the first-order derivative by means of functional transformation. Then, this kind of differential equation is reduced to Bessel equations and other solvable equations for six important cases. The exact buckling solutions of one-step non-uniform columns are thus found. Then a new approach that combines the exact buckling solution of a one-step column and the transfer matrix method is presented to establish the eigenvalue equation for buckling of a multi-step non-uniform column with spring supports. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the eigenvalue equation for buckling of a non-uniform column with an arbitrary number of cracks, any kind of two end supports and various spring supports at intermediate points can be conveniently determined from a second order determinant. Due to the decrease in the determinant’s order as compared with previously developed procedures the computational time required by the present method can be reduced significantly. A numerical example is given to examine the accuracy of the proposed method and to investigate the effect of cracks on buckling of a multi-step non-uniform column.     

Effect of a submerged vertical barrier on flexural gravity waves

An explicit solution is provided for the scattering of flexural gravity waves by a rigid vertical barrier submerged in an infinite depth of water. By applying recently developed mode-coupling relation for eigenfunctions, the mixed boundary value problem has been converted to solve dual integral equations with kernel consisting of trigonometric functions. And then complete analytical solutions are derived with an aid of singular integral equations whose solutions are bounded at the end points. The important hydrodynamical scattering quantities such as reflection and transmission coefficients associated with the flexural gravity wave scattering have been obtained analytically in terms of modified Bessel functions and Struve functions. It is observed that these quantities are sensitive to both combined as well as individual effect of plate thickness and barrier depth of submergence. Numerical results are computed and explained graphically for different parameters such as time period and non-dimensional wave length. Further, the effect of compressive force and plate thickness on the flexural gravity waves against a submerged vertical barrier is studied.     

Forced flexural vibrations of a Timoshenko column supported by an elastic half-space

The plane stress problem of forced flexural vibrations of an elastic column supported by an elastic half-space and subjected to a sinusoidally varying force at the free end is investigated analytically, by applying the Timoshenko theory to the column. Numerical results obtained from the Timoshenko theory are compared with those from the Bernoulli-Euler theory, and the effects of column slenderness and foundation stiffness on the column response curves and the resonant frequencies of the system are clarified.     

Buckling of slender columns with functionally graded microstructures

The buckling of slender columns with functionally graded microstructures is studied. In such columns, the flexural modulus is varied in a controlled manner along the column length. The objective is to identify microstructures that maximize (and minimize) the critical buckling load when compared to a reference homogeneous column. Several microstructures are examined and a constraint is imposed so that the volume averaged flexural modulus remains the same in all columns. The buckling load is determined using both the linear perturbation analysis as well as the Rayleigh–Ritz method. A relationship between the material distribution and the corresponding mode shape is established.     

Flexural gravity wave over a floating ice sheet near a vertical wall

The behavior of flexural gravity waves propagating over a semi-infinite floating ice sheet is studied under the assumptions of small amplitude linear wave theory. The vertical wall is assumed to be either fixed or harmonically oscillating with constant horizontal displacement, in which case the problem is analogous with a harmonically oscillating plane vertical wavemaker. The potential flow approach is adhered to and the higher-order mode–coupling relations are applied to determine the unknown coefficients present in the Fourier expansion formula of the potential functions. The ice sheet is modeled as a thin semi-infinite elastic beam. Three different edge conditions are applied at the finite edge of the floating ice sheet. The effects of different edge conditions, the thickness of the ice sheet and the water depth on the surface strain, the shear force along the ice sheet, the horizontal force on the vertical wall, and the flexural gravity wave profile are analyzed in detail.     

Expansion formulae for wave structure interaction problems with applications in hydroelasticity

Alternate derivations of the expansion formulae for wave structure interaction problems are obtained in case of water of infinite depth and utilized to analyze the hydroelastic behavior of large floating structures. Considering the boundary value problem associated with Laplace equation having higher order boundary condition on the horizontal boundary and a Dirichlet type boundary condition on the vertical boundary in a quarter plane, Fourier sine transform is applied in the horizontal direction to convert the problem to a Sturm-Liouville type boundary value problem associated with non-homogeneous ordinary differential equation (ODE) in the transformed variable. Finally, inverting the transformed functions and applying the regularity criterion of the transformed function, the required expansion formula is derived. The expansion formula thus derived is extended to deal with similar boundary value problems having Neumann type boundary condition. The expansion formulae are applied to (i) analyze oblique scattering of flexural gravity waves by an articulated floating elastic plate and (ii) study the effect of compression on the oblique scattering of flexural gravity waves by a line discontinuity in a large floating ice sheet in water of infinite depth, which find applications in marine technology and arctic engineering, respectively. The present derivations of the expansion formulae are very simple and straightforward and can be easily used to study a large class of problems in the area of fluids and structures in mathematical physics and engineering.     

单柱地轨型三坐标机立柱的研究

结合单柱地轨型三坐标机的结构特点，通过对横梁的分析进而对立柱进行了详尽的研究，这些研究对立柱的结构分析，受力分析和误差分析，最后指出由立柱弹性引起的测量误差可以和由其它因素引起垢测量误差相迭加，并可进行软件修正。     

三维间隔连体织物复合材料力学性能

三维间隔连体织物复合材料是由纤维连续织造呈空芯结构的三维间隔连体编织物作增强体的新型轻质夹层结构 , 具有整体性、 轻质、 可设计、 低成本等特点。本文中对三维间隔连体织物复合材料增强体的结构特征进行了分析 , 考察了材料在平压、 剪切和三点弯曲载荷作用下的力学特性及破坏模式 , 并分析了织物结构参数对复合材料平压、 剪切、 三点弯曲性能的影响。结果表明 : 随芯柱高度的增加 , 材料的压缩强度和剪切强度降低 ,弯曲刚度增加; 随芯柱密度的增加 , 材料的压缩强度、 剪切强度和弯曲刚度都有大幅度的提高 , 且纬向剪切强度和弯曲刚度都大于经向。研究结果为该类材料的结构优化设计和性能分析奠定了重要基础。