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在异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌H1良好的脱氮效果基础上,研究了在不同溶解氧浓度、废水成分和金属离子存在条件下时,H1的代谢途径及其异养硝化性能的变化。研究表明,溶解氧浓度在4.7 mg/L时,H1脱氮途径最佳;在NH4+模拟废水中,NH4+会通过NH4+—→NH2OH—→N2O—→N2的途径被快速去除;在NH4+和NO2?混合模拟废水中,没有显示出H1优先进行反硝化的现象,NH4+-N的降解是短程的硝化反硝化过程;在NH4+和NO3?混合模拟废水中,NO3?会诱导羟胺氧化酶产生NO2?-N,使得NH4+-N经过反硝化途径的亚硝酸盐水平被去除;在NH4+模拟废水中,1 mmol/L的Cu2+和Fe2+对异养硝化过程具有显著地激活作用。 相似文献
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生物脱氮是目前处理水体氮素污染的有效方法,本文以(NH4)2SO4为氮源、柠檬酸三钠为碳源培养好氧反硝化菌H1,4天后NH4+-N的去除率达到76.92%,COD去除率达到84.29%,说明H1为异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌。当NH4+-N与NO3--N同时存在时,H1对NH4+-N的去除率在2天后即达到80%以上,但对NO3--N的去除明显滞后,说明H1优先利用NH4+-N。利用H1处理生活污水,其能够促使污水中的有机氮迅速转化为氨氮,最终使污水中总氮、NH4+-N、COD的去除率均达到90%以上,表明H1在生活污水处理领域具有巨大的应用前景。 相似文献
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作为新型脱氮工艺的异养硝化-好氧反硝化目前已受到研究者的广泛关注,但由于低温条件下微生物活性低导致脱氮效果差,为攻克低温条件下微生物生长缓慢、脱氮效率低的难点,本研究从呼和浩特污水厂及天然湿地沉积物分离得到6株具有异养硝化-好氧反硝化能力的细菌。其中菌株TY1在8℃下对单一氮源氨氮(106 mg/L)、硝酸盐氮(70 mg/L)和亚硝酸盐氮(35 mg/L)的去除率分别为97.47%、81.85%、97.51%,最大去除速率分别为5.61、3.75、2.74 mg/(L·h);菌株TY1对混合氮源氨氮(50 mg/L)和硝酸盐氮(50 mg/L)的去除率分别为99.25%、43.63%;对混合氮源氨氮(50 mg/L)和亚硝酸盐氮(50 mg/L)的去除率分别为91.60%、29.38%。证明菌株TY1具有低温高效脱氮特性,经鉴定为Acinetobacter calcoaceticus,其在废水脱氮处理过程中具有良好的潜在应用价值。 相似文献
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降解屠宰废水异养硝化菌的筛选及其氨氮去除条件 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从屠宰场废水、污泥、周边土壤中分离得到4株高效去除氨氮并显著积累亚硝酸盐氮的异养硝化菌N19、N5、G4、T1,其氨氮去除率分别为85%、83%、81%、75%;通过混菌组合,得到优化组合比例为1:2:2:2,其氨氮去除率为92%。初步探讨了温度、接种量、pH、氨氮含量对混菌的氨氮去除率影响。结果表明,在35℃、体积分数3%的接种量、pH为9、氨氮的质量浓度98 mg/L下,混菌对屠宰场废水的氨氮去除率高达约91%以上。 相似文献
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从广东三水罗非鱼养殖池底泥分离筛选出一株具有高效降氮能力的异养硝化-好氧反硝化细菌L3。通过形态学,生理生化以及16S rRNA基因序列分析鉴定该菌株为青岛假单胞菌Pseudomonas qingdaonensis。研究了该菌株对三种含氮模拟废水的脱氮特性及降氮过程的pH耐受范围,进一步采用响应面法探究了温度、pH、C/N、溶氧量及其交互作用对菌株L3脱氮性能的影响。结果表明,该菌株处理高浓度含氮模拟废水48 h后NH4+-N、NO3--N、NO2--N的去除率分别达到90.50%、65.24%、85.34%,且在酸性条件下(pH=4)有较强的降氮能力;响应面法结果表明菌株最佳脱氮条件为温度29.1℃,C/N为11.7,摇床转速175 r/min,pH为6.2,其中温度、碳氮比及二者之间的交互作用对NH4+-N去除率的影响显著;在最优条件下,菌株L3处理模拟氨氮废水12 h后对NH4 相似文献
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针对生物法处理低C/N比废水存在碳源不足、脱氮效率不高问题,从石化废水处理厂活性污泥中分离得到一株低C/N比异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌株WUST-7。通过形态学观察、生理生化试验和16S rDNA序列分析,鉴定其为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)。通过单因素实验,考察碳源种类、培养温度、初始pH和摇床转速对菌株硝化性能的影响,确定最优异养硝化培养条件为:丁二酸钠为碳源、培养温度30~35℃、初始pH8.0~9.0、摇床转速150~200r/min。在最优异养硝化条件下培养9h,可将初始浓度为107.52mg/L的氨氮去除90.64%,并且在整个培养过程中没有亚硝酸盐氮的积累,硝酸盐氮含量也始终低于3.5mg/L,总氮的去除率达88.63%。实验结果表明,菌株WUST-7在利用氨氮进行硝化反应的同时,还可以利用硝酸盐氮进行反硝化,具有良好的同步硝化反硝化潜能。 相似文献
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活性污泥中异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌的分离及其脱氮性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该文从活性污泥中分离出三株高效的异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌。这些菌经形态特征和生理生化特征分析以及16S rRNA鉴定,命名为B.subtilis CL1、B.subtilis CL9和G.terrae CL6。在以柠檬酸钠为碳源、硫酸铵为氮源、初始氨氮浓度为50 mg/L、碳氮比为20、温度为30℃、pH为7、反应时间为48 h的条件下,B.subtilis CL1和B.subtilis CL9对氨氮的去除率均为99%,对总氮的去除率分别为98%和96%。以乙酸钠为碳源,其他条件与上述两种菌相同的条件下,G.terrae CL6对氨氮和总氮的去除率均达到100%,且在硝化过程中没有亚硝酸盐氮或硝酸盐氮的累积。 相似文献
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A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to gain a better understanding of N transformations which occur near large urea granules in soil and the effects of dicyandiamide (DCD), nitrifier activity and liming. Soil cores containing a layer of urea were used to provide a one-dimensional approach and to facilitate sampling. A uniform layer of 2 g urea or urea + DCD was placed in the centre of a 20 cm-long soil core within PVC tubing. DCD was mixed with urea powder at 50 mg kg–1 urea and enrichment of soil with nitrifiers was accomplished by preincubating Conestogo silt loam with 50 mg NH
4
+
-N kg–1 soil. Brookston clay (pH 5.7) was limited with CaCO3 to increase the pH to 7.3. The cores were incubated at 15°C and, after periods of 10, 20, 35 and 45 days, were separated into 1-cm sections. The distribution of N species was similar on each side of the urea layer at each sampling. The pH and NH
4
+
(NH3) concentration were very high near the urea layer but decreased sharply with distance from it. DCD did not influence urea hydrolysis significantly. Liming of Brookston clay increased urea hydrolysis. The rate of urea hydrolysis was greater in Conestogo silt loam than limed Brookston clay. Nitrite accumulate was relatively small with all the treatments and occurred near the urea layer (0–4 cm) where pH and NH
4
+
(NH3) concentration were high. The nitrification occurred in the zone where NH
4
+
(NH3) concentration was below 1000µgN g–1 and soil pH was below 8.0 and 8.7 in Brookston and Conestogo soils, respectively. DCD reduced the nitrifier activity (NA) in soil thereby markedly inhibiting nitrification of NH
4
+
. Nitrification was increased significantly with liming of the Brookston soil or nitrifier enrichment of the Conestogo soil. There was a significant increase in NA during the nitrification of urea-N. The (NO
2
–
+ NO
3
–
)-N concentration peaks coincided with the NA peaks in the soil cores.A practical implication of this work is that large urea granules will not necessarily result in NO
2
–
phytotoxicity when applied near plants. A placement depth of about 5 cm below the soil surface may preclude NH3 loss from large urea granules. DCD is a potential nitrification inhibitor for use with large urea granules or small urea granules placed in nests. 相似文献
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阿特拉津高效降解菌株的筛选和降解特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用富集培养法从城市污水处理厂的污泥中分离得到一株能够降解除草剂阿特拉津的降解菌株,命名为L-1。接种于500mg.L-1的阿特拉津无机盐培养基,96h对阿特拉津的降解率达到94.8%,降解效果理想,对其进行菌种的初步鉴定并对其降解特性进行研究。结果表明,该菌株被鉴定为节杆菌(Arthrobacter sp.)。通过室内降解效果优化试验,确定菌株L-1对阿特拉津最佳降解条件:温度为30℃,初始pH值范围为7~8。 相似文献
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《应用化工》2022,(10)
从甘肃定西某淀粉加工厂附近土壤中分离得到一株产普鲁兰酶酶源菌AI-1,通过形态学、生理生化试验及16S rRNA序列鉴定并对其进行系统发育分析,鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens),对其发酵培养基成分和发酵条件进行了优化。优化后的发酵培养基成分为:可溶性淀粉1.5%,酵母膏1%,蛋白胨1%,NaCl0.5%,K2HPO40.1%,MgSO4·7H2O 0.05%;最佳发酵条件为:培养温度36℃,发酵培养基初始pH 7.0,接种量8%(V/V),摇床转速150 r/min,发酵周期72 h。在此优化条件下,菌株AI-1发酵所产普鲁兰酶的酶活由最初的2.45 U/m L提高到了4.52 U/m L。 相似文献
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《应用化工》2015,(10)
从甘肃定西某淀粉加工厂附近土壤中分离得到一株产普鲁兰酶酶源菌AI-1,通过形态学、生理生化试验及16S rRNA序列鉴定并对其进行系统发育分析,鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens),对其发酵培养基成分和发酵条件进行了优化。优化后的发酵培养基成分为:可溶性淀粉1.5%,酵母膏1%,蛋白胨1%,NaCl0.5%,K2HPO40.1%,MgSO4·7H2O 0.05%;最佳发酵条件为:培养温度36℃,发酵培养基初始pH 7.0,接种量8%(V/V),摇床转速150 r/min,发酵周期72 h。在此优化条件下,菌株AI-1发酵所产普鲁兰酶的酶活由最初的2.45 U/m L提高到了4.52 U/m L。 相似文献