Temperature Dependence of Magnetic Parameters in FePt Nanoparticles

Here, particular focus is placed on the atomic alignment and the order–disorder phase transition of the FePt alloy with the aid of a model that can describe realistic phenomena. Here, we present a method to study the order–disorder phenomena of FePt alloys. We will discuss the increase in the coercivity of FePt nanoparticles by an increasing annealing temperature for annealed FePt nanoparticles. According to the experimental evidence, we will present a model for explaining spin-glass-like behavior of these particles during the annealing procedure. In the phase transition from disordered FCC to ordered FCT in FePt nano-particles can be treated by first-order phase transitions. So, the mean field approach can be used in order to model this kind of phase transition. In nanoparticles, which are synthetized by sol–gel methods, the short range parameter is predominant because in these kinds of preparations, the long range order takes a lot of time to happen. By using a short range parameter, we are able to use the mean field approach, which considers the diffusion of atoms to the near neighborhood sites. The effects of random exchange and random magnetocrystalline anisotropy are known as the main results of coercivity reduction in magnetic nanoparticles. These effects are strongly dependent to the annealing temperature of nanoparticles. During disorder–order transition, these two effects are max. As transition continues, these effects vanish and coercivity of nanoparticles increases. Here, we will add these two effects to the Hamiltonian of the FePt system. With increasing the annealing temperature, the fraction of the FePt nanoparticles with a FCC disordered phase vanishes, which leads to decrease in the amount of 〈j〉. During the annealing process, the $\frac{c}{a}$ ratio varies as a function of the annealing temperature. The relation between the $\frac{c}{a}$ ratio and the annealing temperature is derived. The derived $\frac{c}{a}$ ratio and coercivity formulas are compared with experimental results. The results are in a good agreement with experimental data.     

Magnetic Phase Transitions in Cobalt Chromite Nanoparticles

Cobalt chromite (CoCr₂O₄), an insulating normal spinel compound, is a potential multiferroic material. We report that pure, nanosize CoCr₂O₄ particles are synthesized through a conventional coprecipiation technique by controlling the pH of the precipitation. Both single-crystal and polycrystalline samples develop long-range ferrimagnetic order below the Curie temperature, T _c (97 K), and a sharp phase transition at T _s??31 K, attributed to the onset of long-range spiral magnetic order. However, we observed a transition from paramagnetic to superparamagnetic phase at T _c. Further lowering the temperature below T _c (97 K), the superparamagnetic phase transforms to ferrimagnetic phase at blocking temperature, T _b, which is found to be between 50 and 60 K. This intermediate superparamagnetic phase in between paramagnetic and long-range ferrimagnetic phases is attributed to a nanosize effect.     

磁驱动相变材料研究进展

磁驱动相变材料利用外磁控制下铁弹马氏体变体重排或磁诱导一级相变产生的形状记忆效应来捕获应变,兼具铁弹形状记忆与磁致伸缩功效特征。Heusler型Ni-Mn-X(X=Ga或In)系磁驱动相变合金材料具有磁感生应变大、能量密度高、反应速度快等优点,是未来重要磁传感器和磁驱动器研制的关键。主要介绍了国内外Ni-Mn-Ga、Ni-Co-Mn-In、反铁磁体等磁驱动相变材料的研究进展,以及本课题组利用高能X射线衍射和中子散射技术对磁驱动相变材料的原位研究。最后,展望了磁驱动相变合金材料的发展趋势。     

Superior Magnetic Performance in FePt L10 Nanomaterials

The discovery of the high maximum energy product of 59 MGOe for NdFeB magnets is a breakthrough in the development of permanent magnets with a tremendous impact in many fields of technology. This value is still the world record, for 40 years. This work reports on a reliable and robust route to realize nearly perfectly ordered L1₀‐phase FePt nanoparticles, leading to an unprecedented energy product of 80 MGOe at room temperature. Furthermore, with a 3 nm Au coverage, the magnetic polarization of these nanomagnets can be enhanced by 25% exceeding 1.8 T. This exceptional magnetization and anisotropy is confirmed by using multiple imaging and spectroscopic methods, which reveal highly consistent results. Due to the unprecedented huge energy product, this material can be envisaged as a new advanced basic magnetic component in modern micro and nanosized devices.     

The Role of Ligands in the Synthesis of FePt Nanoparticles

The monosize formation, the ability of self-assembly, and high coercivity after annealing are the properties that lead to the priority of FePt magnetic nanoparticles for the application in recording media. These nanoparticles were synthesized by the superhydride method. The effect of oleic acid and oleylamin ligands on the fabrication of nanocrystals and the stability of the FePt system has been studied. TEM, EDS, XRD, and spectrophotometer analysis show the formation of FePt nanoparticles dispersion in hexane and indicate that oleylamine increases the number of particles in the nucleation stage and decreases the size of the Pt core, whereas the oleic acid controls the shell of the particle and its growth, and, furthermore, causes the stability of the FePt colloidal systems.     

Effects on the Phase Transformation Temperature of Nanofluids by the Nanoparticles

Nanofluids have been demonstrated to have intriguing thermodynamic properties. In this work, we described the investigation of the phase transformation behaviors of nanofluids containing alumina （Al2O3） or titania （TiO2） nanoparticles with different weight fractions. The experimental results indicate that the melting temperatures of nanofluids （in freezing states） are reduced with the increase of the weight fraction of nanoparticles. The reduction is related to nanoparticle species as well as nanoparticle size.     

表面活性剂对FePt纳米颗粒形貌的影响

分别以乙酰丙酮铁(Fe(acac)3)和氯铂酸(H2PtCl6.6H2O)作为Fe源和Pt源,乙二醇作为还原剂和溶剂,通过多元醇还原法制备出单分散的FePt纳米颗粒,并研究了表面活性剂油酸油胺和CTAB对FePt纳米颗粒形貌和磁性能的影响。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对纳米颗粒进行表征。结果表明,表面活性剂油酸油胺和CTAB修饰的FePt纳米颗粒均为面心立方(FCC)结构,分散性良好,粒径分布较未使用表面活性剂时变窄;油酸油胺修饰的FePt形貌主要是球形,但是有四方形纳米结构出现;而CTAB修饰的FePt形貌有蠕虫状产生。VSM结果显示其矫顽力都趋近于零,呈现超顺磁性。     

纳米结构FePt薄膜的结构与磁性研究

采用磁控溅射方法在自然氧化的单晶Si（100）衬底上制备了纳米结构的Fe,Pt100-x（X=30at％-60at％）薄膜。高温XRD分析表明,薄膜在500℃热处理有明显的面心立方FCC结构向面心四方FCT结构转变。通过VSM、AFM对薄膜样品的磁性检测和晶粒尺度的观察,FePt合金薄膜有序化转变的最佳热处理温度在400—500℃,在这个热处理温度范围内,薄膜软硬磁耦合较好,矫顽力适当（306kA／m）,晶粒尺寸约为10nm,适合于做高密度磁记录介质材料。     

Magnetic property of FePt nanoparticles encaged in carbon nanotubes

Encapsulation of FePt nanoparticles in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was attempted using a thermal chemical vapor deposition technique with a Fe/Pt bilayer catalyst. The metal nanoparticles were encapsulated at the tip of multi-walled CNTs. A selected area electron diffraction measurement of the nanoparticles at CNT tips indicated that diffraction spots attributed to an ordered L1₀ phase. Magnetic hysteresis loops indicated existence of magnetic nanoparticles having various coercivities. From numerical fittings assuming that high and low coercivity components contributed to the hysteresis loops, the high coercivity component was estimated to reach 11.3 kOe (902 kA/m).     

稳恒强磁场在固态相变中应用的研究进展

稳恒强磁场作用下的固态相变受到了广泛的关注,已成为材料科学中重要的研究领域.本文从固态相变中相稳定性、生成相形貌和晶粒细化方面介绍了稳恒强磁场的影响规律和作用机制.阐述了通过施加稳恒强磁场控制材料微观组织,从而实现改变材料的性能.稳恒强磁场将成为材料制备与改性极具潜力的手段,在开发高性能材料方面发挥巨大作用.     

Fe/Pt磁性薄膜的研究进展

Fe/Pt合金薄膜是重要的磁性材料.介绍了Fe/Pt合金的晶体结构以及磁控溅射法、真空电弧离子法、机械冷变形法和化学合成法4种主要制备Fe/Pt合金薄膜的方法,并对影响Fe/Pt合金薄膜磁性能的重要因素进行了评述,包括改变热处理工艺参数和添加掺杂元素.最后指出,Fe/Pt纳米结构材料具有良好的化学稳定性和较高的磁晶各向异性,因而在超高密度信息存储领域有着巨大的应用潜力.     

一步法制备L10相FePt纳米颗粒

以乙酰丙酮铁(Fe(acac)3)和氯铂酸(H2PtCl6.6H2O)分别作Fe源和Pt源,三缩四乙二醇(TEG)作溶剂和还原剂,聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)作表面活性剂,通过多元醇还原法制备出单分散的FePt纳米颗粒。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析表明,所制备的FePt纳米颗粒形状近似球形,分散性较好,平均颗粒粒径约为5.5nm。通过振动样品磁强计(VSM)分析显示所制备FePt纳米颗粒矫顽力为37.64kA/m,这意味着FePt纳米颗粒部分转变为面心四方相(L10相)。     

Phase Transformation and Magnetic Properties of Mechanically Alloyed PrCo5-based Magnets

PrCo5-based nanograin Pr=CO100-x （x=14-22） alloys with high coercivity were synthesized by mechanical alloying and subsequent annealing. The crystallization, phase components and magnetic properties of the alloys were investigated systematically. The main phase of the alloy for x=14 is Pr2CO17 with rhombohedral Th2Zn17-type. The amount of the Pr2CO17 phase decreases with increasing Pr content, and a nearly single phase PrCo5 with hexagonal CaCu5-type is formed in Pr18Co81 alloy. Further increase in the Pr content leads to the formation of another magnetically hard Pr2Co7 phase with its Curie temperature about 350℃. Remanences decrease monotonously with increasing Pr content, whereas the coercivities increase, reaching a maximum of 2040 kA/m （25.6 kOe） in Pr19CO81 powders milled for 5 h and annealed at 973 K for 2 min, and then decrease for higher Pr content. The high coercivity is attributed to the high anisotropy field of the PrCo~ phase and its nanoscale grain size.     

聚合物包覆纳米Fe的液相法制备与磁性能分析

采用NaBH4液相化学还原工艺在溶剂中以PVP-VAc嵌段共聚物形成的微反应器中制备表面包覆有嵌段共聚物的金属铁纳米颗粒,通过XRD、TEM、紫外和红外光谱对其结构和形貌进行分析,用振动样品磁强计分析其磁性能,XRD表明所制备的纳米铁粉为体型立方晶;TEM显示样品为球形,且分散良好,颗粒尺寸在12-35nm之间;紫外和红外光谱分析表明,纳米铁颗粒表面包覆了PVP-VAc嵌段共聚物;磁滞回线显示,纳米铁粉的矫顽力为190Oe,饱和磁化强度为18.6emu.g-1。