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In order to develop technologies of friction drag reduction with a flexible tube to be used for water transport, experimental studies were carried out on the influence of Young's modulus on the turbulent drag reduction. The friction coefficients of flexible tubes with different Young's modulus were examined by using a sleeve-tube structure. The fluctuating vibration of the outer wall and the fluctuating pressure on the inner wall of the tubes were measured with a laser displacement sensor and a pressure sensor. The results are as follows. The smaller the Young's modulus of a flexible tube and the larger the Reynolds number, the larger the turbulent drag reduction rates become. The transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow can be delayed with an appropriate Young's modulus. Non-dimensional amplitude of fluctuating vibration on the outer wall is smaller than that of a viscous sub-layer thickness, and is positively correlated with the friction drag reduction. 相似文献
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To analyze the mechanism of drag reducing effect by coupling flexible tubes with turbulent flow, based on experimental examination of more obvious turbulent drag reduction effect in flexible tubes than in rigid tubes, experimental investigation was performed on the effect of turbulent drag reduction, fluctuating vibration characteristics of flexible tube and the correlations by using a double-tube system and laser displacement sensor. The results are as follows: with the decrease of the thickness of the flexible tubes, the root mean square of fluctuating amplitude of the outer wall of the tubes increases, and the non-dimensional burst period increases, resulting in the increase of the reduction rate of drag coefficient by coupling flexible tubes with turbulent flow. At applied pressure-balanced air on the outer wall and the Reynolds number of about 1.75×10^4, the non-dimensional burst periods of the flexible tubes with the thickness of 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm are 141, 126, 105, respectively. 相似文献
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蔡书鹏 《水利与建筑工程学报》2009,7(3):11-13
为开发弹性管减阻技术,通过双重管结构,在对弹性管外壁充入几乎与管内压力相平衡的压力空气的条件下,实验考察了弹性管湍流输水的减阻效果。研究结果表明:基于双重管的弹性管减阻特性的评价是可行的;弹性管的壁厚越小,减阻率越大,雷诺数越高,减阻效果越好。使用激光位移传感器对弹性管外壁的脉动振动特性测试表明,弹性管外壁的脉动振动幅度与弹性管减阻率之间存在正相关关系。认为弹性管湍流输水减阻在国内的应用潜力巨大。 相似文献
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《水动力学研究与进展(B辑)》2017,(2)
The control of turbulence by dimples/pimples has drawn more and more attention. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of the active dimples/pimples for the drag reduction in the incompressible turbulent flow. Firstly, the drag reduction by the opposition control based on active dimples/pimples at the lower wall is studied via the direct numerical simulation of the turbulent channel flow. It is found that large active dimples/pimples can not suppress the streamwise vortices significantly and thus almost no drag reduction is achieved. Small active dimples and pimples with the diameter of one fourth of the streak width can both reduce the friction drag, but pimples will induce a larger pressure drag than dimples. Then the suboptimal control scheme is examined based on small active dimples using the spanwise wall shear information only. It is shown that the friction drag decreases by about 4.5% but the total drag is only reduced by about 2.7% abated by the pressure drag. Compared with the actuation of the all-point blowing/suction or the all-point wall movement, the effectiveness of the turbulent drag reduction based on active shallow dimples is much smaller. 相似文献
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圆管流掺气减阻理论研究 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:13
本文研究了圆管中气液分层层流、分层紊流及掺气混合紊流情况下的阻力减小规律。理论研究表明,圆管中的气液分层层流、分层紊流,即在近壁层内充以空气,可以在相同的水流量下,使阻力下降,实现减阻。而掺气混合紊流时,只有当壁面附近的含气浓度大于圆管中心处的含气浓度时,才能在相同水流量下,使阻力下降,实现减阻 相似文献
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在实验确认弹性管确有紊流减阻效果的基础上,对其流激振动特性及紊流减阻效果进行了实验研究。结果表明:管的壁厚越小,管外壁的流激振动的脉动位移有效值越大,紊流减阻效果越好;在雷诺数Re约为2×104时,壁厚为2mm、3mm及4mm弹性管的流激振动减阻率依次约为12%、10%、8%。 相似文献
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This paper investigates a theoretical prediction of friction drag reduction in turbulent channel flow which is achieved by using superhydrophobic surfaces. The effect of the hydrophobic surface is considered to be a slip boundary condition on the wall, and this new boundary condition is added to Large Eddy Simulation (LES) equations. The predicted drag reduction at Reτ=180 is approximately 30%, which concurs with results obtained from Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). An important implication of the present finding is that the near-wall turbulence structures are modified with streamwise slip velocity. In addition, a noticeable effect on the turbulence structure occurs when the slip length is greater than a certain value. 相似文献
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为了研究壁面微结构流动控制技术的减阻效应及其产生的原因,利用循环管路系统的方形管道进行了压降测定试验,并利用粒子成像测速仪测量了边界层内部结构和对应的参数。试验采用了沟槽和肋条两种不同类型的微结构壁面,每种形状的微结构各有3种不同的结构尺寸。试验研究结果表明:在一定的无量纲宽度s+范围内,6种不同的微结构壁面都具有减阻效果;减阻率随着s+的增大,呈现先增大后减小的趋势,其中沟槽壁面2的减阻效果最好,最大减阻率为9.90%;壁面微结构通过影响流场内部的涡结构、湍流脉动、雷诺切应力和平均流速等使得不同壁面微结构具有减阻效果。 相似文献
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Drag reduction experiments of the traveling wavy wall at high Reynolds number, ranging from 1.46×106 to 5.83×106 based on the free-stream velocity and the model length, were conducted. A suit of traveling wavy wall device was developed and its characteristics of drag reduction at high Reynolds number were investigated. The drag forces of the traveling wavy wall with various wave speeds (c) were measured at different wind speeds (U) in the FL-8 low-speed wind tunnel and compared with the drag force of the flat plate. The results show that the mean drag force of the traveling wavy wall decreases as the value of c/U increases, at different wind velocities, the values of c/U corresponding to minimal drag force of the traveling wavy wall are different, when the values of c/U are larger than 0.6, the mean drag forces of the traveling wavy wall are smaller than those of the flat plate, and the drag reduction can be up to 60%. The drag reduction effectiveness of traveling wavy wall is thus achieved. Furthermore, as the value of c/U increases, the traveling wavy wall can restrain the separation and improve the quality of flow field. 相似文献
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仿生非光滑沟槽形状对减阻效果的影响 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
利用有限体积法对三角形、扇贝形和刀刃形三种仿生非光滑沟槽表面流场进行了数值计算.近壁面区采用B-L两层模型,远离壁面区采用雷诺应力模型.分析了三种沟槽非光滑表面的流场特性,对计算域中心 Z=3mm平面的速度场和湍流统计量进行了研究,分析了不同沟槽形状对减阻效果的影响,为最佳减阻沟槽设计提供了理论依据.三种沟槽具有相同的特征尺寸,顶点间距 s=0.1mm,沟槽尖顶到谷底高度 h=0.05mm,与光滑表面相比减阻效果分别为 3.2%、9.1%、9.7%,数值计算结果和风洞与油槽实验结果有较好的吻合. 相似文献
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明渠中掺气水流紊流流动规律 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文利用变密度变粘度流体在明渠中紊流流动时的运动微分方程式,研究了明渠中掺气水流紊流流动规律,得出,明渠中的掺气紊流不能在相同条件下增大明渠水流量,即不能实现有效的减阻。文中提出了密度紊动应力、粘度紊动应力、流量增加率等概念。 相似文献
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条纹薄膜减小湍流阻力的试验研究 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
本文从湍流边界层的相关结构出发,探讨了条纹薄膜减少湍流边界层阻力的机理,通过平板模型的水洞试验,研究了条纹薄膜的减阻作用。试验结果表明,条纹薄膜具有明显的减阻效果,最大降阻量大约为10%。 相似文献
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Turbulence transport of surfactant solution flow during drag reduction degeneration is investigated experimentally in a two-dimensional channel.Particle Image Velocimetry (P1V) system is used to take t... 相似文献
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Analysis of shear rate effects on drag reduction in turbulent channel flow with superhydrophobic wall 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We examined the shear rate effect on drag reduction of superhydrophobic surfaces with different slip lengths. For this purpose, turbulent channel flow was considered at the friction Reynolds numbers of Reτ = 180, 395, 500. By using Navier's slip condition it is shown that increasing shear rate leads to the greater reduction in drag force and also more reduction occurs in larger slip length. Based on the results, more than 25% drag reduction happens at a friction Reynolds number of Reτ= 500 for slip length of 1 ×10 5 m. The simulation results suggest that reduction in drag force occurs because slip condition reduces the Reynolds stresses, also weakens vorticity filed and the near-wall coherent structures, and therefore turbulence production is decreased. 相似文献
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THREE-DIMENSIONAL LARGE EDDY SIMULATION OF FREE SURFACE TURBULENT FLOW IN OPEN CHANNEL WITHIN SUBMERGED VEGETATION DOMAIN 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2
LI C.W. 《水动力学研究与进展(B辑)》2003,15(3)
1 . INTRODUCTIONInactualrivers ,theriverbediscommonlycoveredbyvegetation .Thevegetationinriversplaysanimportantroleontheenvironmentalfunc tionoftherivers,thatis,theamenitytohumanlife ,livingspaceformanylives ,purificationofwaterqualityandsoon .However ,thevegetationinriversalsoplaysakeyroleonthecarryingca pacityofachannelwithfloodplains .Therefore ,thehydraulicsoftheflowwithvegetationshouldbemoreimprovedorrefined .Logicalexplanationandaccurateevaluationaboutturbulentflowinopenchannelwith… 相似文献
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In order to study the mechanisms of the turbulent frictional drag reduction by surfactant additives,the drag reduction,the shear viscosity and the shear stress relaxation were measured for solutions of a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) with the same molar sodium salicylate as a counter-ion.It is found that the first step relaxation time decreases with increasing concentration and,thus,with the maximum drag-reducing rates,which indicates that the stiffness of the micellar structures with the first relaxation time,increases with the increase of the concentration of CTAB.Furthermore,for this surfactant,a viscoelastic property is necessary for reducing drag,while a stronger viscoelasticity characterized by a tail relaxation time does not necessarily mean a higher drag-reducing rate. 相似文献
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LARGE-EDDY AND DETACHED-EDDY SIMULATIONS OF THE SEPARATED FLOW AROUND A CIRCULAR CYLINDER 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
XU Chang-yue CHEN Li-wei LU Xi-yun 《水动力学研究与进展(B辑)》2007,19(5):559-563
The separated turbulent flow around a circular cylinder is investigated using Large-Eddy Simulation (LES), Detached-Eddy Simulation (DES, or hybrid RANS/LES methods), and Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS). The purpose of this study is to examine some typical simulation approaches for the prediction of complex separated turbulent flow and to clarify the capability of applying these approaches to a typical case of the separated turbulent flow around a circular cylinder. Several turbulence models, i.e. dynamic Sub-grid Scale (SGS) model in LES, the DES-based Spalart-Allmaras (S-A) and k ? ω Shear-Stress-Transport (SST) models in DES, and the S-A and SST models in URANS, are used in the calculations. Some typical results, e.g., the mean pressure and drag coefficients, velocity profiles, Strouhal number, and Reynolds stresses, are obtained and compared with previous computational and experimental data. Based on our extensive calculations, we assess the capability and performance of these simulation approaches coupled with the relevant turbulence models to predict the separated turbulent flow. 相似文献