Pitting corrosion behavior of cerium treated HSLA steel induced by sulfide inclusions in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution

Pitting corrosion behavior of Ce treated HSLA steels induced by sulfide inclusions in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was investigated with potentiodynamic polarization and immersion corrosion test.The results show that Ce added steels exhibit better pitting corrosion resistance with lower corrosion current density and bigger pitting potential compared with steel without Ce,which is mainly attributed to optimized characteristics of spherical Ce-oxysulfide inclusions with less number density,smaller average size and lower pitting corrosion susceptibility.The spherical Ce₂O₂ S inclusions precipitated on the surface of CeAlO₃ inclusions in the Ce added steels induce pits with bigger opening mouth and shallow depth,reducing their tendency of extension to go deeper due to occlusion corrosion battery in the pitting holes.Furthermore,corrosion inhibitor Ce(OH)₃ generated by Ce₂O₂ S hydration can weaken electrochemical corrosion of the matrix micro-region around the pits.To avoid harmful bigger inclusions,Ce content in steels should be regulated within reasonable range,0.015 wt% Ce in present steels effectively modified inclusions to acquire the best pitting corrosion resistance of the steels.     

Field Evaluation of Marine Structures Containing Calcium Nitrite

A field study of corrosion of reinforcing bars in existing concrete pier structures is presented in this paper. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of calcium nitrite for combating corrosion in marine structures. Five sites were selected for field evaluation of reinforcement corrosion in cooperation with the Harbors Division of the Hawaii Department of Transportation. The concrete for each of these sites included a calcium nitrite-based admixture as a corrosion inhibitor. Each site was tested for permeability, chloride ion concentration, half-cell potential, polarization resistance, and pH. Corrosion activity identified by half-cell potential measurements, polarization resistance measurements, and visual inspection of bars taken from cores indicated that high dosages of calcium nitrite, 19.8 to 22.3?L/m3, provided the steel with significantly greater protection than lower dosages, 12.4?L/m3. This occurred despite the fact that the sites with higher dosages were older and usually more permeable than the structures with lower dosages.     

Effect of cerium on microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion properties of Al-Zn-Mg alloy

The effects of trace Ce on the microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Al-Zn-Mg alloy were studied by means of metallographic analysis,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),mechanical tensile test,slow strain rate tensile test,cyclic polarization curve test,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test and anodic oxidation test.The results show that the addition of trace Ce has little effect on the strength of Al-Zn-Mg alloy,but can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy;The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the alloys decrease significantly with the addition of excessive Ce;the addition of 0.04 wt%Ce can reduce significantly the self-corrosive current density of AlZn-Mg alloy and increase obviously passivation film resistance of the alloy.The stress corrosion sensitivity index decreases from 0.612 to 0.219,which improves the corrosion resistance properties significantly.     

固溶处理对铸态2101双相钢腐蚀性能的影响

通过电化腐蚀学实验研究了900～1190℃固溶处理对铸态2101双相钢(/%:0.02C,0.69Si, 5.00Mn, 0.0015S,0.022P,21.42Cr, 1.66Ni, 0.31Mo, 0.48Cu, 0.25N)腐蚀性能的影响。EIS阻抗谱图、等效电路极化电阻值和Tafel曲线均表明,同一固溶温度下,固溶时间越长钢的耐蚀性越好。通过组织形貌电镜图及测定组织中γ相面积比和晶粒度得到,固溶处理30 min和2 h后γ相面积比和单位面积γ晶粒个数随着固溶温度的增加都呈先升高后降低的趋势,在970℃时组织最为细密,固溶2 h后组织比固溶30 min的更为细密。组织致密度高,析出氮化物少,则2101双相不锈钢的耐蚀性好,该钢最佳固溶工艺为970℃和2 h。     

Zn及热处理制度对2056铝合金力学性能及局部腐蚀行为的影响

通过拉伸性能测试、晶间腐蚀(IGC)、剥落腐蚀(EXCO)实验、极化曲线测试及透射电镜(TEM)分析,研究Zn元素和不同热处理制度对2056铝合金室温常规力学性能、抗晶间腐蚀性能、抗剥落腐蚀性能及微观组织的影响。结果表明,微量Zn均匀存在于合金的各个位置,可促进S′相的析出和提高合金强度;减小晶内与晶界的电化学腐蚀动力,使晶界析出的S相数量减少并不连续分布,无沉淀析出带(PFZ)变窄,提高合金的抗晶间腐蚀性能和抗剥蚀性能。与T6处理态相比,经T8处理后,晶内析出的S′相数量增加、尺寸减小、分布均匀,合金的强度显著提高,塑性降低;同时,沿晶界析出的S相数量减少,PFZ变窄,合金的抗晶间腐蚀和抗剥落腐蚀能力提高。在3.5%的NaCl溶液中进行的极化曲线测试也表现出相同的结果。     

Improved corrosion resistance and thermal stability of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets with holmium substitution

The effects of Ho substitution for Nd on the microstructure, corrosion resistance and thermal stability of the Nd-Fe-B magnets were investigated. The(Nd,Ho)-O phase was formed with increasing Ho substitution. The results of potentiodynamic polarization and highly accelerated stress test show improved corrosion resistance with increasing Ho substitution. The optimum mass loss 0.29 mg/cm~2 is achieved.Moreover, the average temperature coefficients for remanence and coercivity in the range of 25-150℃are both closer to zero, indicating improved thermal stability. The mechanisms for the improved corrosion resistance and thermal stability are discussed in relation to the microstructure featuring the(Nd,Ho)-O phase.     

Stellite12和Stellite20涂层的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性能对比研究

利用超音速火焰喷涂技术(High-velocity-oxy-fuel,HVOF)在F316不锈钢表面制备Stellite 12和Stellite 20两种钴基合金涂层,对比研究了涂层的摩擦磨损性能以及在不同浓度硫酸溶液中耐腐蚀性.采用HT2101销盘磨损试验仪,进行了摩擦磨损试验.利用电子探针仪(EPMA)观察涂层的微...     

稀土Ce对1Cr18Mn8Ni5N不锈钢耐均匀腐蚀性能影响

利用电化学的极化曲线及交流阻抗技术研究了不同稀土含量的1Cr18Mn8Ni5N不锈钢在硫酸介质中的腐蚀行为。应用扫描电镜对试样的腐蚀形貌及夹杂物形态进行了观察,利用EDS对夹杂物成分进行了分析。结果表明:钢中加入稀土Ce可改变夹杂物形态,并使其交流阻抗的极化电阻增大,极化曲线的腐蚀电位正移,降低了腐蚀电流密度,抵制了均匀腐蚀,改善了1Cr18Mn8Ni5N不锈钢的耐蚀性。当钢中稀土Ce质量分数为0.022%时,1Cr18Mn8Ni5N不锈钢可获得最好的耐均匀腐蚀性能。     

织构对纳米晶纯镍镀层耐蚀性能的影响

采用脉冲电镀法在黄铜表面制备出具有(111)、(200)和(220)晶面择优生长织构的纳米晶纯镍镀层.采用扫描电镜对镀层的显微形貌进行观察,采用X射线衍射对不同晶面织构的择优性进行表征,并对镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的动电位极化曲线和交流阻抗谱进行了测试,研究不同织构镀层的耐蚀性能.不同织构镀层的耐蚀性能存在显著差异:具有(220)强织构的镀层耐蚀性最差,其自腐蚀电流密度最大,为1.23μA·cm-2,镀层的电荷转移电阻为2.09kΩ·cm2;具有(200)强织构的镀层耐蚀性能最佳,镀层的电荷转移电阻为27.32kΩ·cm2,自腐蚀电流密度为0.15μA·cm-2;具有(111)织构镀层的耐蚀性居中.认为织构引起的表面胞状物的差别是造成纯镍镀层耐蚀性能不同的原因.      

Effects of Al contents on microstructure and properties of hot-dip Zn-Al alloy coatings on hydrogen reduced hot-rolled steel without acid pickling

A new hot-dip galvanizing method was employed on hot-rolled low carbon steel. The effects of Al contents on microstructure, micro-hardness and corrosion resistance of Zn-Al alloy coatings were systematically investigated. Phase composition, microstructure and element distribution in Zn-Al alloy coatings were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe micro analysis (EPMA), respectively. It is found that Al content (0. 6–6. 0 wt. %) in galvanizing zinc affects surface quality and adhesion between coatings and matrix in the newly developed method. In addition, with increasing Al content, micro-hardness significantly increased due to the increase in Zn-Al eutectoid phases. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) also revealed that increase in Al plays a noticeable role in improving the corrosion resistance of Zn-Al alloy coatings.     

淬火介质对高强铝合金晶间腐蚀性能的影响

对经过不同淬火介质淬火的高强铝合金的极化曲线特性和晶间腐蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明：经过空气淬火的合金在极化过程中腐蚀电流大,腐蚀速率也大;而经过20℃水淬火合金在极化过程中腐蚀电流最小,腐蚀速率最小。经过空气淬火合金抗晶间腐蚀性能最差,而经过100℃水淬火合金抗晶问腐蚀性能较好,经过20℃水淬火合金抗晶间腐蚀性能最强。     

钴铁镍复合黏结相超细硬质合金显微组织与性能

钴作为硬质合金应用最广泛的黏结剂,存在资源稀缺、成本高昂以及WC-Co硬质合金耐腐蚀性能较差等问题,综合考量生产成本与改善性能,本研究采用铁镍部分代替钴组成复合黏结剂,以其制备超细硬质合金,研究其显微组织和力学、耐蚀耐磨性能的关系。结果表明,黏结相中Fe/Ni质量分数比增加,使得合金WC晶粒细化和黏结相分布不均,合金的硬度和抗弯强度分别提高与降低。合金在中性NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能评估采用极化曲线测试与浸泡实验,黏结相添加Ni能提高合金耐蚀性,归因于Ni的钝化特性与促进腐蚀产物膜的形成。硬质合金摩擦系数和磨损率与Fe/Ni质量比呈负相关,合金耐磨性的提高主要归因于黏结相的强度增强和WC晶粒细化合金硬度提高。      

用循环阳极极化曲线评价Al6061/SiCP复合材料表面稀土转化膜耐腐蚀性能的研究

本文提出了利用循环阳极极化曲线研究转化膜耐腐蚀性能的方法。介绍了 Al60 61 /Si CP复合材料表面稀土转化膜工艺。将稀土转化膜与其它转化膜的耐腐性能进行了比较。利用循环阳极极化曲线的“相对环面积”研究转化膜耐腐蚀性能能够得出很好的规律性。     

Effect of Rare Earths on Corrosion Resisting Properties of Carbon-Manganese Clean Steels

Rareearthelementshavesignificantactionsinsteels ,includingwipingoffimpurityelements ,trans modifyinginclusions ,andimprovingmicrostructureetal,soaddingappropriaterareearthsintosteelscanef fectivelyimprovetheircorrosionresistingproper ties[1,2 ] .Todaypuri…     

The Effect of Nickel Electroplating on Corrosion Behavior of Metal Matrix Composites

Nickel electroplating was applied to A356.2 aluminum alloy and its composites for improving its corrosion resistance. The corrosion resistance of the A356.2 and composites reinforced with rice husk ash particulates was evaluated by potentio-dynamic polarization tests in aerated 3.5% NaCl solution. Composites were fabricated by using the liquid state processing technique. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, techniques were used for surface analysis of the coatings before the corrosion tests and optical microscope was used to study the surface morphology of the uncoated and coated specimens after polarization tests. Results demonstrated that the nickel coated specimens exhibited higher corrosion resistance than the uncoated specimens. However, it was noticed that there was no significant change in the corrosion resistance for the nickel plated composites.     

Anti-corrosion performance of Si-surface-alloying NdFeB magnets obtained with magnetron sputtering and thermal diffusion

Si alloying in the surface layer of NdFeB magnets was realized by thermal diffusion combined with magnetron sputtering. The surface composition, phase structure and morphology of NdFeB(S–Si) specimens were characterized by an X-ray diffractometer, an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer and a field emission scanning electron microscope, respectively. The corrosion resistance of bare NdFeB(S–Si) was analyzed by static full immersion corrosion test and electrochemical experiments. Effects of sputtering and thermal diffusion on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the surface layer were studied. Results show that surface alloying layer can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of bare NdFeB with the optimized static total immersion corrosion test time in NdFeB(1S–Si)-800 of 36 h, which is much longer than that of the pristine NdFeB (less than 0.5 h). The E_corr of NdFeB(1S–Si)-800 positively shifts from −1.05 to −0.92 V, indicating that the corrosion tendency is obviously lower. The J_corr is 1.45 × 10⁻⁶ A/cm² which is 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of the pristine NdFeB (5.25× 10⁻⁴ A/cm²). The intergranular composite oxides existing in Nd-rich phase contribute to the enhancement of corrosion resistance of Si-surface-alloying NdFeB.     

Study on Anticorrosive Cerium Conversion Coating of Cf/6061Al Composite Surface

The optimum chemical passivation process of the rare earth metal (REM) conversion coating on the Cf/6061Al composite surface was introduced in this paper and its polarization curves properties were investigated. Ridge-like coatings were found by scanning electro microscope (SEM) observations, and the Al matrix and carbon fibre reinforcement were both coated with Ce conversion coatings, with some minor cracks. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) plane scan analysis indicates that the major elements in the coating are Ce, O, Si, Al and the Ce content reaches 47.48%(mass fraction). The Ce conversion coatings increase the corrosion resisting properties of Cf/6061Al composite, with a higher free corrosion potential (Ecorr) and a lower free corrosion current density (icorr) for the coated composite than those of the bare composite. And the Boehmite-treatment would enhance the corrosion resistance of the REM conversion coating. The cathodic polarization and anodic polarization were retarded by REM conversion coating, resulting in an improved corrosion resistance.     

Ausmelt炼锡炉炉渣对镁铬耐火材料的侵蚀

采用静态坩埚法对镁铬砖抗Ausmelt炼锡炉炉渣侵蚀性进行了研究,并用扫描电镜和能谱分析等手段对抗渣前后试样的显微结构进行了分析。研究结果表明:随着Cr2O3含量的增加,镁铬砖的抗渣性能提高。炉渣对镁铬砖的侵蚀机理主要表现为:炉渣中的FeO、SiO2与镁铬砖中的MgO发生反应生成低熔点的镁铁橄榄石(MFS),导致镁铬砖的直接结合结构被破坏;炉渣中的SnO不与耐火材料各成分发生反应,对镁铬砖的侵蚀以渗透为主;镁铬砖中的铬矿不与炉渣发生反应,表现出良好的抗渣性能。     

浓硫酸中904L不锈钢焊接接头的耐蚀性能

采用动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱研究了904L不锈钢基体和焊接区在浓硫酸溶液中的腐蚀行为,并简要分析其腐蚀机理.实验结果表明:焊接区和基材的阴极极化曲线均为氢还原反应过程,而阳极极化曲线则有较大的差异.焊接区相对于基材,其自腐蚀电位降低且阳极电流增大,焊接对阳极反应起促进作用.904L不锈钢基体和焊接区的腐蚀主要由电化学反应步骤控制,两者的Nyquist图特征相似,均由单一的容抗弧构成,有一个时间常数.基体的耐蚀性能优于焊接区.      

445M铁素体不锈钢缝隙腐蚀性能的研究

研究了445M铁素体不锈钢(%:0.004～0.005C、22.24～22.29Cr、1.10～1.65Mo、0.015～0.016P、0.003～0.004S、0.012～0.016N、0.22～0.38Ti)和316L奥氏体不锈钢(%:0.022C、16.80Cr、10.19Ni、2.02Mo、0.025P、0.001S、0.046N)在40～60℃氯离子浓度(250～5 000)×10^-6的氯化钠溶液的缝隙腐蚀性能。结果表明,445M铁素体不锈钢的耐缝隙腐蚀性能优于316L奥氏体不锈钢;当445M钢中的Mo含量由1.10%提高至1.65%时,钢的耐缝隙腐蚀性能明显提高,表明点蚀当量Cr+3.3Mo是衡量不锈钢耐点蚀和耐缝隙腐蚀的重要指标。