时域有限差分中各向异性完全匹配层的实现方法

本文讨论了如何在给定边界层数的条件下,通过调整各介质层吸收层的介质参数来实现入射波的最佳吸收,并利用自适应遗传算法对算法中的边界参数进行优化。     

Implementation of the iterative finite-difference time-domain technique for simulation of periodic structures at oblique incidence

In this paper we review a recently developed finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) iterative technique for the analysis of periodic structures at oblique incidence. We show how it can be implemented in FDTD code and estimate required computer memory and time resources. To illustrate performance of our technique we demonstrate the plasmon formation in a thin gold film placed at air/glass interface and calculate reflectance from silicon textured coating at oblique incidence.     

Multiobjective evolutionary optimization of periodic layered materials for desired wave dispersion characteristics

An important dispersion-related characteristic of wave propagation through periodic materials is the existence of frequency bands. A medium effectively attenuates all incident waves within stopbands and allows propagation within passbands. The widths and locations of these bands in the frequency domain depend on the layout of contrasting materials and the ratio of their properties. Using a multiobjective genetic algorithm, the topologies of one-dimensional periodic unit cells are designed for target frequency band structures characterizing longitudinal wave motion. The decision variables are the number of layers in the unit cell and the thickness of each layer. Binary and mixed formulations are developed for the treatment of the optimization problems. Designs are generated for the following novel objectives: (1) maximum attenuation of time harmonic waves, (2) maximum isolation of general broadband pulses, and (3) filtering signals at predetermined frequency windows. The saturation of performance with the number of unit-cell layers is shown for the first two cases. In the filtering application, the trade-off between the simultaneous realization of passband and stopband targets is analyzed. It is shown that it is more difficult to design for passbands than it is to design for stopbands. The design approach presented has potential use in the development of vibration and shock isolation structures, sound isolation pads/partitions, and multiple band frequency filters, among other applications.     

Moments estimation for hitting times of continuous random processes with absorbing boundaries

Continuous random processes with positive and negative drifts and with delaying boundaries (screens) are analyzed. The expected value and the variance of the hitting time of the lower control level are estimated.     

The properties of lattice-shifted microcavity in photonic crystal slab and its applications for electro-optical sensor

In this paper, a micro electro-optic sensor structure and its sensing technique based on lattice-shifted resonant microcavity (H0-nanocavity) in a triangular lattice photonic crystals (PhCs) slab are presented. The H0-nanocavity is formed by only laterally shifting two adjacent holes outwards slightly in the opposite direction, which can realize a nanocavity with high quality factor (Q) value to meet the requirements of practical application. The electro-optic sensor is realized in hole-array based photonic crystal slab with triangular lattice air holes infiltrated with a nonlinear optical (NLO) polymer (n_poly = 1.6) in Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) operating in the wavelength range from 1400 nm to 1600 nm. The simulation results of PhC electro-sensitive structure show that the optical properties of PhCs can be used to design sensing devices characterized by a high degree of compactness and good resolution. The properties of the sensor are analyzed and calculated using the plane-wave expansion (PWE) method and simulated using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The simulation results display that the resonant wavelength of the mode localized in the microcavity shifts its spectral drop position following a linear behavior when a driving voltage ranging between 0.0 V and 3.2 V is applied, and the sensitivity of 31.90 nm/V is observed.     

A new algorithm for the extraction of the surface waves for the Green''''s function in layered dielectrics

There exist the complicated waveguide modes as well as the surface waves in the electromagnetic field induced by a horizontal electric dipole in layered lossless dielectrics between two ground planes. In spectral domain, all these modes can be characterized by the rational parts with the real poles of the vector and scalar potentials. The accurate extraction of these modes plays an important role in the evaluation of the Green's function in spatial domain. In this paper, a new algorithm based on rational approximation is presented, which can accurately extract all the real poles and the residues of each pole simultaneously. Thus, we can get all the surface wave modes and waveguide modes, which is of great help to the calculation of the spatial domain Green's function. The numerical results demonstrated the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.     

Modeling the material grading and structures of heterogeneous objects for layered manufacturing

The emphasis of this work is to discuss a scheme for modeling the material grading and structures of heterogeneous objects. To model the material grading of a heterogeneous object, a termed ‘grading source’ is defined. The grading sources are reference features, which specify the type and position of grading, and a material grading function for controlling the material variation within the geometric boundary of the objects. Within the proposed modeling scheme, a concept on representing objects, which are both heterogeneous in material and structure (e.g. composite laminates), will also be elaborated. For downstream layered manufacturing purposes, a contour sub-division algorithm on each layer arising from slicing a heterogeneous object is proposed. Within each slice, the material grading is decomposed into sub-contours according to the different grading variation. A parameter called ‘grading step-width’ is defined to control the number of sub-contours and resolution of the grading. With such discretization, it is, therefore, possible to build a heterogeneous object on layered manufacturing machines of different fabricating precision specification.     

光子晶体并行Matlab仿真研究与实现

由于Madab软件的网络通信局限,使得在并行时域有限差分(FDTD)计算仿真中,难以实现子域间的消息发送与接收操作.针对这个问题,提出一种新的基于磁盘-内存互逆映射的解决方法,在简化并行FDTD算法实现的同时,显著提高了算法执行性能.作为算法实现的应用,对光子晶体光波导的电磁耦合效应进行了数值仿真研究,结果证实:波导耦合区域内不同半径比介质柱所导致的结构变化将造成耦合长度的改变,且其耦合关系曲线具有平稳区与迅变区两类不同特性的变化范围区间.     

Design of phononic materials/structures for surface wave devices using topology optimization

We develop a topology optimization approach to design two- and three-dimensional phononic (elastic) materials, focusing primarily on surface wave filters and waveguides. These utilize propagation modes that transmit elastic waves where the energy is contained near a free surface of a material. The design of surface wave devices is particularly attractive given recent advances in nano- and micromanufacturing processes, such as thin-film deposition, etching, and lithography, which make it possible to precisely place thin film materials on a substrate with submicron feature resolution. We apply our topology optimization approach to a series of three problems where the layout of two materials (silicon and aluminum) is sought to achieve a prescribed objective: (1) a grating to filter bulk waves of a prescribed frequency in two and three dimensions, (2) a surface wave device that uses a patterned thin film to filter waves of a single or range of frequencies, and (3) a fully three-dimensional structure to guide a wave generated by a harmonic input on a free surface to a specified output port on the surface. From the first to the third example, the resulting topologies increase in sophistication. The results demonstrate the power and promise of our computational framework to design sophisticated surface wave devices.