基于SHML的CPS行为建模及仿真

信息物理融合系统（cyber-physical systems，简称CPS）是深度融合了计算进程和物理进程的统一体，是集计算、通信与控制于一体的下一代智能系统，具有广阔的应用前景.CPS的行为具有混成性、随机性等特征，建模及仿真CPS的动态行为对于开发高质量的CPS系统至关重要.但是目前缺乏面向CPS的领域建模方法及建模CPS的领域建模语言，也迫切需要支持仿真CPS领域模型的仿真工具.针对以上问题，提出一种面向CPS领域的随机混成建模语言（stochastic hybrid modeling language，简称SHML）以支持建模CPS系统的行为.首先，根据CPS的领域特征定义了SHML的元模型作为其抽象语法，并定义了SHML的具体语法和操作语义；其次，基于GEMOC框架实现了SHML的可视化建模工具.此外，集成GEMOC的序列化执行引擎和Scilab的连续行为仿真引擎，实现仿真CPS的混成行为.提出了一种面向CPS领域的建模及仿真方法，设计并实现了一个集成的面向CPS行为的建模与仿真平台，为CPS的建模及仿真提供了一种有效的方法及工具支撑.     

数据需求驱动的Storm应用辅助开发框架

Storm支持流式数据的高性能实时计算,是一种广泛使用的流式计算框架。在Storm应用的开发中,开发人员需要针对不同的流式数据需求定制开发相应的计算模块,从而导致大量的重复工作,且难以适应数据需求的变动。如何根据流式数据格式和计算方式等数据需求,快速开发Storm应用并配置相应的环境,是提升大部分流式计算应用开发效率的重要问题。提出了流式数据需求描述方法,设计并实现了一种基于Storm的、由数据需求驱动的流式数据实时处理应用辅助开发框架,其根据业务人员描述的领域数据需求自动生成符合数据处理需求的Storm实时数据处理应用。实验表明,该框架能帮助不具备Storm开发能力甚至非软件开发人员快速配置常见的基于Storm的流式计算应用,对于常见的流式数据的实时处理需求具有一定的适应性。     

Knowledge-aware identity services

The identification problem is concerned with the question whether two objects in an application refer to the same real-world entity. In this paper, the identification problem is investigated from a knowledge modelling point of view. We develop a framework of establishing knowledge-aware identity services by abstracting identity knowledge into an additional identity layer. The knowledge model in the identity service layer provides a capability for combining declarative formulae with concrete data and thus allows us to capture domain-specific identity knowledge at flexible levels of abstraction. By adding validation constraints to the identity service, we are also able to reason about inconsistency of identity knowledge. In doing so, the accuracy of identity knowledge can be improved over time, especially when utilising identity services provided by different communities in a service-oriented architecture. Our experimental study shows the effectiveness of the proposed knowledge modelling approach and the effects of domain-specific identity knowledge on data quality control.     

Domain-specific feature elimination: multi-source domain adaptation for image classification

Multi-source domain adaptation utilizes multiple source domains to learn the knowledge and transfers it to an unlabeled target domain. To address the problem, most of the existing methods aim to minimize the domain shift by auxiliary distribution alignment objectives, which reduces the effect of domain-specific features. However, without explicitly modeling the domain-specific features, it is not easy to guarantee that the domain-invariant representation extracted from input domains contains domain-specific information as few as possible. In this work, we present a different perspective on MSDA, which employs the idea of feature elimination to reduce the influence of domain-specific features. We design two different ways to extract domain-specific features and total features and construct the domain-invariant representations by eliminating the domain-specific features from total features. The experimental results on different domain adaptation datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method and the generalization ability of our model.     

基于特征模型和构件语义的概念体系结构设计

特定领域软件体系结构(domain-specific software architecture,简称DSSA)是特定领域开发中的重要资产,而基于特征的领域模型使得从领域需求到DSSA的映射成为可能.引入本体作为特征模型的描述基础,通过该方法得到的领域特征本体将同时作为领域内业务构件的语义描述基础存在.在此基础上,提出了基于特征模型和构件语义的概念体系结构设计方法.该方法综合考虑了特征模型中的共性、可变性、绑定时间以及结构关系、依赖关系等对DSSA设计的影响,同时以构件语义作为特征到概念构件设计的过渡.相关方法已经实现为基于本体的特征建模工具和基于特征模型的体系结构设计工具,为特征驱动的领域开发提供了有力的支持.     

软件框架开发过程研究

软件框架是实现大粒度复用的重要途径,它往往针对特定领域,同时支持设计复用和代码复用。论文主要探讨了软件框架开发的相关活动,包括软件框架开发以及基于框架的应用开发(即框架复用),通过建立开发过程模型,刻画了框架开发过程。进而基于该模型,描述了开发过程中的相关问题,如变化性处理策略、应用开发中的体系结构调整、框架演化等,从而指导相关开发活动。     

Multi-perspective enterprise modeling: foundational concepts,prospects and future research challenges

The paper presents a method for multi- perspective enterprise modeling (MEMO) and a corresponding (meta-) modeling environment. An extensive analysis of requirements for enterprise modeling serves to motivate and assess the method. The method is based on an elaborate conception of multi-perspective enterprise models and on an extensible language architecture. The language architecture is comprised of a meta modeling language and an extensible set of integrated domain-specific modeling languages (DSML). The DSML are supplemented with process models and with guidelines for their reflective use. The corresponding modeling environment integrates editors for various DSML into multi-language model editors. It includes a meta model editor which enables the convenient use, development and extension of the set of supported DSML and supports the generation of respective graphical model editors. Thus, it also serves as a foundation for method engineering. MEMO covers both software engineering as well as social, managerial and economic aspects of the firm. The presentation of MEMO is supplemented with a comparative overview of other approaches to enterprise modeling. The paper concludes bys summarizing fundamental technical, epistemological and political challenges for enterprise modeling research and discusses potential paths for future research.     

CloudSim: a toolkit for modeling and simulation of cloud computing environments and evaluation of resource provisioning algorithms

Cloud computing is a recent advancement wherein IT infrastructure and applications are provided as ‘services’ to end‐users under a usage‐based payment model. It can leverage virtualized services even on the fly based on requirements (workload patterns and QoS) varying with time. The application services hosted under Cloud computing model have complex provisioning, composition, configuration, and deployment requirements. Evaluating the performance of Cloud provisioning policies, application workload models, and resources performance models in a repeatable manner under varying system and user configurations and requirements is difficult to achieve. To overcome this challenge, we propose CloudSim: an extensible simulation toolkit that enables modeling and simulation of Cloud computing systems and application provisioning environments. The CloudSim toolkit supports both system and behavior modeling of Cloud system components such as data centers, virtual machines (VMs) and resource provisioning policies. It implements generic application provisioning techniques that can be extended with ease and limited effort. Currently, it supports modeling and simulation of Cloud computing environments consisting of both single and inter‐networked clouds (federation of clouds). Moreover, it exposes custom interfaces for implementing policies and provisioning techniques for allocation of VMs under inter‐networked Cloud computing scenarios. Several researchers from organizations, such as HP Labs in U.S.A., are using CloudSim in their investigation on Cloud resource provisioning and energy‐efficient management of data center resources. The usefulness of CloudSim is demonstrated by a case study involving dynamic provisioning of application services in the hybrid federated clouds environment. The result of this case study proves that the federated Cloud computing model significantly improves the application QoS requirements under fluctuating resource and service demand patterns. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Reuse in Command-and-Control Systems

Rockwell International's Command-and-Control Systems Division, assisted by the Software Productivity Consortium, initiated a pilot project to evaluate the applicability of SPC's Synthesis methodology. Synthesis is an approach based on domain-specific reuse, by which an organization can standardize its perceptions of customers' needs and effective solutions. We present CCSD's experience to date using Synthesis. Our application of Synthesis has resulted in a partially automated environment that supports the specification of a communications-control and -management system and the generation of corresponding software requirements, design, and code. A domain-specific notation, created by the project, lets an engineer describe one of these systems in terms of high-level requirements and engineering decisions. The engineer can then generate a product by mechanically selecting, adapting, and composing the relevant reusable components based on those decisions. We have used this environment to create parts of two products, and we are now using it on a CCSD project     

基于Statecharts的C4ISR系统建模方法研究

C4ISR系统基于仿真的设计方法需要良好的建模方法的支持,Statecharts是一种支持动态行为建模的建模方法,能够描述系统中的层次性、并发和同步,具有结构清晰、逻辑关系明确的优点.将Statecharts方法应用于C4ISR系统的建模过程中,可以对系统在运行过程中实体的状态以及状态的变化进行较为完整的描述,可以增进建模人员对C4ISR系统的理解,提高系统开发的效率.该文在对Statecharts建模方法进行研究的基础上,着重对Statecharts方法在C4ISR系统分析、建模过程中的应用进行了探讨,为C4ISR系统的建模分析提供了支持.     

Universally composable anonymous Hash certification model

Ideal function is the fundamental component in the universally composable security model. However, the certification ideal function defined in the universally composable security model realizes the identity authentication by binding identity to messages and the signature, which fails to characterize the special security requirements of anonymous authentication with other kind of certificate. Therefore, inspired by the work of Marten, an anonymous hash certification ideal function and a more universal certificate CA model are proposed in this paper. We define the security requirements and security notions for this model in the framework of universal composable security and prove in the plain model (not in the random-oracle model) that these security notions can be achieved using combinations of a secure digital signature scheme, a symmetrical encryption mechanism, a family of pseudorandom functions, and a family of one-way collision-free hash functions. Considering the limitation of wireless environment and computation ability of wireless devices, this anonymous Hash certification ideal function is realized by using symmetry primitives.     

基于语义Web的仿真服务动态发现机制

仿真服务的动态发现是进行基于Web的可组合可扩展仿真研究的首要步骤。首先,基于OWL-S本体规范建立了仿真服务描述模型,对仿真服务与仿真需求进行了形式化表示;然后,研究了网格和Web服务技术支撑下的仿真服务动态发现系统结构,以及基于语义Web和领域本体的动态发现机制;进而,提出了基于本体的服务匹配算法,包括领域定位算法和服务定位算法两部分,领域定位算法大大降低了进行服务定位时候选服务集合的大小,有效地保证了服务匹配精度和效率;最后,通过模拟的实验数据对基于本体的匹配算法的性能进行了分析。     

A Meta-Modeling Approach for Autonomous Driving Scenario Based on STTD

In the current autonomous driving scenario modeling and simulation field, autonomous driving modeling driven by Spatio-Temporal Trajectory Data (STTD) is a key problem, which is significant to improve the safety of the system. In recent years, great progress has been achieved in the modeling and application of STTD, and the application of this data in specific fields has attracted wide attention. However, because STTD has diversity and complexity as well as massive, heterogeneous, dynamic characteristics, the research in the safety-critical field modeling still faces challenges, including unified metadata of spatio-temporal trajectories, meta-modeling methods based on STTD, data processing based on the data analysis of spatio-temporal trajectories, and data quality evaluation. In view of the modeling requirements in the field of autonomous driving, a meta-modeling approach is proposed to construct spatio-temporal trajectory metadata based on Meta Object Facility (MOF) meta-modeling system. According to the characteristics of spatio-temporal trajectory data and autonomous driving domain knowledge, a meta-model of spatio-temporal trajectory data is constructed. Then, we study the modeling approach of autonomous driving safety-critical scenarios based on the spatio-temporal trajectory data meta-modeling technology system, use the modeling language ADSML for automatic instantiation of safety-critical scenarios, and construct a library of safety-critical scenarios, aiming to provide a feasible approach for the modeling of such safety-critical scenarios. Combined with the scenarios of lane changing and overtaking, the effectiveness of the meta-modeling method for autonomous driving safety scenarios driven by spatio-temporal trajectory data is demonstrated, which lays a solid foundation for the construction, simulation, and analysis of the model.     

Metamodeling of Smart Environments: from design to implementation

A smart environment is a physical environment enriched with sensing, actuation, communication and computation capabilities aiming at acquiring and exploiting knowledge about the environment so as to adapt itself to its inhabitants’ preferences and requirements. In this domain, there is the need of tools supporting the design and analysis of applications. In this paper, the Smart Environment Metamodel (SEM) framework is proposed. The framework allows to model applications by exploiting concepts specific to the smart environment domain. SEM approaches the modeling from two different points of view, namely the functional and data perspectives. The application of the framework is supported by a set of general guidelines to drive the analysis, the design and the implementation of smart environments. The effectiveness of the framework is shown by applying it to the modeling of a real smart office scenario that has been developed, deployed and analyzed.     

面向业务问题求解的知识资源特定领域建模方法

针对企业中解决业务问题时知识资源利用不合理的问题,提出一种面向业务问题求解的知识资源特定领域模型。首先从领域纲要出发,将业务问题求解领域的基本元素描述出来,并详细分析其中对象之间的关系;然后通过在领域模板中建立的问题-知识事件驱动过程链(PK-EPC)模型对问题求解的流程进行格式化,并匹配到相应的知识单元;其次是通过对应的应用模型对业务问题进行分解,并将前面的知识单元与知识载体匹配。根据前面的模型可得出可供企业选择的集成业务活动、知识单元和知识载体的多层次求解方案模型,为企业业务问题求解提供了快捷准确的方法。最后基于Java设计了面向业务问题求解的企业求解方案建模系统,通过实例验证了该模型的可行性。     

CACF：一种面向P2P客户端的应用程序框架

P2P客户端程序对网络通信的要求正变得越来越复杂。在开发过程中使用应用程序框架可以比较好地处理这种复杂性。本论文提出了框架CACF。它支持水平，垂直和协作过程等多种并行模式，能通过消息优先级和多种排队模型实现流控和端到端QoS，引入多路复用器实现对网络连接的多路复用，复合消息则消除了费时的内存拷贝。作为P2P系统Virtual Helpdesk的客户端，JCVIEWER的开发实践证明了CACF的有效性。     

Multiparadigm Modeling for Hybrid Dynamic Systems Using a Petri Net Framework

Recently, modeling and simulation of hybrid dynamic systems (HDSs) have attracted much attention. However, since simultaneously dealing with the discrete and continuous variables is very difficult, most of the models result in a unified but more complicated and unnatural format. Moreover, design engineers cannot be allowed to use their preferred domain models. Based on the multiparadigm modeling concept, this correspondence proposes a Petri net framework with associated state equations to model the HDSs. In the presented approach, modeling schemes of the hybrid systems are separated but combined in a hierarchical way through specified interfaces. Designers can still work in their familiar domain-specific modeling paradigms, and the heterogeneity is hidden when composing large systems. An application to a rapid thermal process in semiconductor manufacturing is provided to demonstrate the practicability of the developed approach.     

基于元模型的装备战斗损伤组合仿真系统

针对装备战斗损伤组合模型在构建过程中可组合性差的问题,提出基于元模型的装备战斗损伤组合仿真系统开发方法。通过分析模型的构建要素,设计装备战斗损伤模型的二元对抗结构,参考元模型构建的基本过程,给出元模型构建决策方法,在此基础上设计开发组合仿真系统,包括装备战斗损伤机理元模型库、部件级战斗损伤元模型库及装备级战斗损伤元模型库。实验结果证明,该系统可有效组合不同层面的装备战斗损伤模型,实现不同分辨率下仿真结果的综合输出。 关键词：元模型;战斗损伤;组合仿真;二元对抗结构;解聚;聚合