CBM-TOF超级模块高密度数据前端读出设计

为满足超级模块探测器质量评估的数据读出需求,设计了一种基于"三明治"结构的前端高密度数据读出方法。利用FPGA技术实现320通道时间数字化数据读出和自定义协议处理,并通过片内高速串行收发器与光纤进行长距离数据传输。在外部回环模式下的测试结果表明,6 Gb/s高速链路误码率小于10-13的置信度超过95%,接收TDC数据和自定义协议处理功能正常,系统连续稳定运行超过48 h,可满足探测器评估需求。     

基于FPGA的高速串行光纤数据传输在BESIII触发系统的应用

基于FPGA内置的RocketIO高速串行收发器设计的高速串行光纤数据传输的新方法具有通道少、数据量大、传输距离远等优点,能满足现代高能物理实验的需要.本文对这种传输方法的多通道、实时数据传输进行了深入的研究,并将其应用到北京谱仪III(BESIII)触发系统中.测试结果表明:数据传输的长时间误码率好于2.3(10-16,多个通道能按照要求进行同步数据传输.该方案已经过长时间的运行考验,达到了BESIII工程的设计要求.     

BESⅢ触发系统MDC子系统光纤发送插件设计

介绍了BESⅢ触发系统MDC子系统光纤发送插件的设计与测试.32通道的数据同步与展宽的实现由一片FPGA完成,基于RocketIO实现了1.75Gb/s波特率的串行数据光纤发送.文章给出了展竟电路和串行传输的测试结果.插件的设计达到了预期的设计目标.     

LHAASO-WFCTA多通道数据高速传输方案设计

为解决广角大气荧光/切伦科夫光探测器阵列电子学读出系统板间多通道数据传输问题,设计了一种基于低压差分信号接口的同步串行传输方案,给出了误码率及稳定性测试。测试结果表明,在125MHz时钟频率下,传输误码率小于10~(-12),且具有较高的稳定性,能够较好的满足系统数据传输需求。     

FPGA高速串行收发器时钟同步设计

在为粒子加速器设计定时系统时,通常采用集成高速串行收发器的FPGA来实现。为了消除串行收发器恢复时钟相位的不确定性,本设计利用串行收发器接收端恢复数据检测时钟相位,然后采用"重启法"实现恢复时钟相位的固定。该方法不需要额外的硬件设计,只使用一路串行收发器和少量硬件语言编程,简单易行,并经过了实验室验证。     

ARM与AD7656-1的多通道数据采集系统设计

针对γ辐射监测系统,应用ARM微处理器控制多通道AD芯片,实现对4路输入信号的高速数据采集.详细介绍了LPC2300系列ARM与高速模数转换芯片AD7656 -1基于SPI串行通信的应用方案,给出了二者之间的硬件连接图以及μC/OS -Ⅱ实时操作系统下的软件实现方法,为ARM嵌入式系统在高速数据采集方面的应用提供了一个解决方案.     

GEM探测器数据采集系统设计

介绍了重心读出GEM位置灵敏气体探测器中,基于USB2.0总线的数据采集电子学设备的设计及实现.采用CYPRESS公司CY7C68013A微通讯控制器、高速ADC芯片和现场可编程芯片组成的电路板,实现了数据的高速采集、高速缓存和高速串行传输.采集速率达到20 MByte/s,满足了探测器对数据采集和传输的要求.     

BELLEII实验高速数据接收板的设计

在高能物理实验中,随着加速器和探测器性能的提高,数据获取系统正面临着越来越大的海量数据实时可靠传输的挑战。BELLEII探测器是运行在SuperKEKB高亮度加速器上的新型探测器,其数据获取系统也面临这一难题。基于FPGA的高速数据接收模块(HSLB)作为数据获取系统的数据传输核心,采用RocketIO技术实现高速串行数据传输,满足速率3.125 Gbps的设计要求;与专用接口连接的CPLD作为控制芯片在线配置FPGA固件,提供快速硬件程序加载,高速链路共享,高速数据传输和慢控制命令传输的功能。论文详细描述了高速数据传输模块的硬件设计、在线配置FPGA的实现方案。经过测试,该模块成功实现设计目标,并已经按工程进度进行了小批量生产。     

基于GTL技术的高速背板总线设计

介绍了一个高速背板总线的设计尝试。采用新型的GTL总线收发器、时钟相位调节和组合式匹配等技术措施,解决了总线设计的驱动、时序和信号完整性问题,实现了100Mbd/s的同步数据传输。     

基于FPGA的数字核谱仪中高速数字采集技术研究

数字核谱仪的高速实时数据采集能够对数字核谱仪中关键算法的调试起到关键作用。本设计以ALTERA公司的EP2C8T144C6现场可编程门阵列与高速USB数据采集芯片FT2232H为核心,设计并制作了USB高速数据采集系统,可以实现USB接口高速数据传输。核谱仪采集到的信号送入到FPGA中,经过内部FIFO存储器的缓存及算法处理,最后通过USB控制器将信号传输到计算机中,存储并显示出来。设计实现了28MByte/s以上的数据传输率,具有数据传输速度快,准确性高的特点,为进一步实现数字核谱仪高速信号采集奠定了基础。     

垂直管内超临界水传热实验研究

在宽广的实验范围内对直径10 mm垂直管内超临界水在不同工况下的传热特性进行了实验研究,分析了热流密度、质量流速及压力变化对内壁面温度及传热系数的影响规律。实验参数为：压力23、25、26 MPa,质量流速450~1 200 kg/（m²•s）,热流密度200~1 200 kW/m²。实验结果表明：随主流温度的升高,壁面温度逐渐上升,在拟临界点附近由于物性剧变存在传热强化现象;热流密度的增加以及质量流速的减小均会削弱传热强化现象,并导致传热恶化;压力的影响主要体现在传热恶化、强化的起始热流密度和起始主流温度的不同。     

计算机核能谱数据获取系统中的数据通讯系统

本文介绍一个高速数据通讯系统。它是在基于计算机的多用户核谱数据获取和处理系统的基础上提出的,解决远地实验室如何利用该计算机系统作为数据获取和处理的工具。每组通讯线的速度允许到1MB/s,信息格式接近于CAMAC串行线规范规定的格式。     

Effect of Liquid Flow Rate on Film Boiling Heat Transfer during Reflood in Rod Bundle

An experiment was performed in a wide range of core flooding rate to study the effect of liquid flow rate on the film boiling heat transfer during reflood using a 6 × 6 heater rod bundle with a full-height heated length. The flooding rate was in the range of 2–30cm/s. The obtained data were evaluated through assessment and improvement of Murao-Sugimoto heat transfer coefficient correlation, which predicted well the heat transfer coefficient under the core flooding rate up to 10 cm/s, but underestimated the heat transfer coefficient in the range of the flooding rate higher than 10 cm/s. An empirical correction factor for the Murao-Sugimoto correlation was proposed based on the present experimental data. The proposed correction factor was confirmed to be applicable to another large scale tests.     

New data acquisition system for the focal plane polarimeter of theGrand Raiden spectrometer

This paper describes a new data acquisition system for the focal plane polarimeter of the Grand Raiden spectrometer at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) in Osaka, Japan. Data are acquired by a Creative Electronic Systems (CES) Starburst, which is a CAMAC auxiliary crate controller equipped with a Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) J11 microprocessor. The data on the Starburst are transferred to a VME single-board computer. A VME reflective memory module broadcasts the data to other systems through a fiber-optic link. A data transfer rate of 2.0 Mbytes/s between VME modules has been achieved by reflective memories. This rate includes the overhead of buffer management. The overall transfer rate, however, is limited by the performance of the Starburst to about 160 Kbytes/s at maximum. In order to further improve the system performance, we developed a new readout module called the Rapid Data Transfer Module (RDTM). RDTM's transfer data from LeCroy PCOS III's or 4298's, and FERA/FERET's directly to CES 8170 High Speed Memories (HSM) in VME crates, the data transfer rate of the RDTM from PCOS III's to the HSM is about 4 Mbytes/s     

100 MHz and 100 Mbit Recording and Readout Instrumentation Systems for Electromagnetic Field Perturbations

The requirement for a wideband recording capability for instrumenting electromagnetic fields with nanosecond rise time perturbations and long duration reactions lead to the development of a modulated laser beam analog recorder. The original concept of the recorder yielded 100 MHz bandwidth records of ±40 db dynamic range of approximately 25 ?sec duration but required synchronization of the event to the rotating mirror camera of the recorder. Normalization of data required digital computer processing of densitometer conversion of film density data to analog electrical signal. An improvement of the original system, which permits continuous recording up to several minutes at 100 Mbit digital writing solves the major shortcomings of the analog recorder. Using techniques of signal conditioning and laser beam splitting and modulation of the previous system, the data stream is split into four channels recorded simultaneously and continuously on moving 70 mm film in a four-to-one interlace pattern. Each channel is organized into discrete blocks with data synchronizing words to provide block and timing identification. The physical arrangement of the recorder is such that film readout is effected on the same transport deck. Simultaneously scanned data tracks generate a parallel serial data train which is buffered, multiplexed, and recombined to produce the serial data stream.     

A new TOF system for target recoil-ion momentum spectroscopy at IMP

A high resolution time measurement system with high data transfer rate was designed for the COLTRIMS (Cold Target Recoil-Ion Momentum Spectroscopy) system in Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.It is used to measure the Time of Flight(TOF) with a high resolution for all 20 channels.Based on the PCI Extensions for Instrumentation(PXI) standard,the readout electronics system consists of one Clock-Trigger fan-out module and four TOF modules.Test results show that the system meets the demands of COLTRIMS,with a time resolution of better than 25 ps and a data transfer rate over 20 MB/s.     

棒束通道内混合对流传热实验研究

以自然循环下堆芯内可能会发生的低流量传热为研究背景,对5×5棒束通道内的混合对流传热现象进行了实验研究。实验压力为6 MPa, 质量流量为25~150 kg/(m2·s),热流密度为25~300 kW/m2,实验雷诺数Re为1000~30000,浮升力参数Bo*为2×10-7~3×10-3。实验发现,随着Bo*的增大,棒束通道内传热产生先弱化后强化的趋势。浮升力对棒束通道内传热造成影响的起始点为Bo*=3.5×10-6,当Re >15000时,浮升力依然可对传热造成弱化现象。基于实验数据,提出了适用于棒束通道的混合对流经验关系式。      

A low-power, radiation-hard gigabit serializer for use in the CMSelectromagnetic calorimeter

An integrated fiber-optic bit serializer and VCSEL driver has been constructed in radiation-hard complementary heterostructure GaAs FET (CHFET) technology. The serializer, which converts 20 parallel inputs into a high-speed serial output, consumes 60 mW at nominal supply voltage when operating at the Large Hadron Collider word rate of 40 MHz (0.8-GB/s serial rate). The integrated driver directly drives a VCSEL and provides 10-mA switched current and 5 mA of prebias. The complete digital optical link thus consumes 90 mW     

Benchmarking of the 3-D CAD-based Discrete Ordinates code “ATTILA” for dose rate calculations against experiments and Monte Carlo calculations

Shutdown dose rate (SDDR) inside and around the diagnostics ports of ITER is performed at PPPL/UCLA using the 3-D, FEM, Discrete Ordinates code, ATTILA, along with its updated FORNAX transmutation/decay gamma library. Other ITER partners assess SDDR using codes based on the Monte Carlo (MC) approach (e.g. MCNP code) for transport calculation and the radioactivity inventory code FISPACT or other equivalent decay data libraries for dose rate assessment. To reveal the range of discrepancies in the results obtained by various analysts, an extensive experimental and calculation benchmarking effort has been undertaken to validate the capability of ATTILA for dose rate assessment. On the experimental validation front, the comparison was performed using the measured data from two SDDR experiments performed at the FNG facility, Italy. Comparison was made to the experimental data and to MC results obtained by other analysts. On the calculation validation front, the ATTILA's predictions were compared to other results at key locations inside a calculation benchmark whose configuration duplicates an upper diagnostics port plug (UPP) in ITER. Both serial and parallel version of ATTILA-7.1.0 are used in the PPPL/UCLA analysis performed with FENDL-2.1/FORNAX databases. In the FNG 1st experimental, it was shown that ATTILA's dose rates are largely over estimated (by ～30–60%) with the ANSI/ANS-6.1.1 flux-to-dose factors whereas the ICRP-74 factors give better agreement (10–20%) with the experimental data and with the MC results at all cooling times. In the 2nd experiment, there is an under estimation in SDDR calculated by both MCNP and ATTILA based on ANSI/ANS-6.1.1 for cooling times up to ～4 days after irradiation. Thereafter, an over estimation is observed (～5–10% with MCNP and ～10–15% with ATTILA). As for the calculation benchmark, the agreement is much better based on ICRP-74 1996 data. The divergence among all dose rate results at ～11 days cooling time is no more than 15% among all participants.