Role of RE and Mg on Graphitization of Spheroidal Graphite Malleable Cast Iron

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稀土耐热蠕墨铸铁的试验研究

采用稀土为主的含低沸点元素的蠕化剂生产了耐热蠕墨铸铁。研究了稀土耐热蠕墨铸铁的抗氧化、抗生长及热疲劳性能。结果表明，所研制的稀土耐热蠕墨铸铁具有优良的耐热性能     

Effect of Rare Earths and Nitrogen on Graphite Structure of Gray Cast Iron

ＥｆｅｃｔｏｆＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈｓａｎｄＮｉｔｒｏｇｅｎｏｎＧｒａｐｈｉｔｅＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆＧｒａｙＣａｓｔＩｒｏｎＺｈａｉＱｉｊｉｅ（翟启杰），ＺｅｎｇＱｉ（曾奇）（ＦｏｕｎｄｒｙＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａ...     

Effect of Graphite Nodule Diameter on Water Embrittlement of Austempered Ductile Iron

DuctileironwasdevelopedbyMorrogh[1]in 1940s.Theappearanceofaustemperedductileiron (ADI)in1970sessentiallyaffectedthemetallurgical researchofductileiron[2,3].ADIhasverygood properties[4-15].Itisproducedbyaustemperingcon ventionalductileiron,andthemicrostr…     

偶氮氯膦Ⅲ光度法快速测定球铁中的残余稀土

采用草酸隐蔽—偶氮氯膦Ⅲ光度法测定球铁QT400—18中残余稀土，在pH值为0．4～0．9的硫硝混合酸介质中，偶氮氯膦Ⅲ能与稀土形成蓝色配合物，最大吸收波长位于670nm处，稀土含量在0．018％～0．058％范围内符合比耳定律。该方法分析速度快，准确度高，可以满足生产需要。     

稀土变质铸铁石墨形态的转变

采用定向凝固实验方法考察了低凝固速度（下限为０．５ｍｍ／ｈ）下稀土变质铸铁石墨形态的转变。结果表明,随着稀土含量的增加,石墨形态呈现由Ａ型片状→Ａ′型片状→珊瑚状→蠕虫状→球状→开花状的一系列转变;石墨形态由片状到非片状的转变是由于生长方式改变所致,而这种改变取决于稀土含量,与凝固速度（或冷却速度）无关;石墨单体可以发生片状与非片状之间的连续转变,但在试样宏观的片状石墨区域与非片状石墨区域之间却存在着明显的分界线,说明石墨生长方式在试样宏观区域间发生了突变。     

Microstructural Characterization of Graphite Spheroids in Ductile Iron

The present work brings new insights by transmission electron microscopy allowing disregarding or supporting some of the models proposed for spheroidal growth of graphite in cast irons. Nodules consist of sectors made of graphite plates elongated along a ??a?? direction and stack on each other with their c axis aligned with the radial direction. These plates are the elementary units for spheroidal growth and a calculation supports the idea that new units continuously nucleate at the ledge between sectors.     

Effect of RE Elements on the Morphology of Carbides and the Impact Fatigue Properties of the Low Cr White Cast Iron

An apparatus of zone melting unidirectional solidification with a steep temperature gradient andan impact fatigue tester were used.The effect of RE elements on the morphology of carbides and the impactfatigue properties of the low Cr white cast iron were investigated.Experimental results showed that the modi-fying effect of RE elements was remarkable on the M3C carbides.With the addition of RE elements in thelow Cr iron,a lot of plate-like carbides were transformed into lath-like and rod-like ones.The higher thecontent of RE elements was,the more was the fraction of the lath-like and rod-like carbides.In the low Crwhite cast iron,the RE modifying agent can efficiently increase the impact fatigue resistance and decrease thecrack growth rate and delay the time of incipient cracking.With the increase of the content of RE elements inthe low Cr cast iron,the impact fatigue resistance increased greatly and the crack growth rate decreased rap-idly.     

稀土对球墨铸铁中共存As、Sn、Pb、Ti的中和作用

全部采用龙岩生铁，制取球墨铸铁。球化剂为镁硅铁合金，同时分别添加０．００％、０．０１％、０．０２％、０．０３％、０．０４％、０．０５％、０．０７％稀土硅铁合金进行球化处理。结果表明，稀土不能完全消除与中和高含量微量元素共存对石墨球化的干扰作用。但适量稀土可部分中和微量元素、促进形核、改善球状石墨的表面形貌。削弱微量元素的有害作用。     

Effect of Rare Earth Elements on Thermal Fatigue of High Ni－Cr Alloy Cast Iron

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稀土变质铸铁中石墨—奥氏体共晶的生长方式

用Ｂｒｉｄｇｍ ａｎ 定向凝固技术制取了稀土变质共晶铸铁不同石墨形态时的液－固平界面试样。观察结果表明,稀土变质铸铁共晶凝固过程中,石墨相不论形态如何均为领先相;石墨与奥氏体共晶有共生生长和离异生长两种生长方式。在共生生长情况下,奥氏体紧贴石墨片两侧协同生长,形成锯齿状的液－固界面结构;在离异生长情况下,石墨相单独在液相中析出并充分长大,随后被奥氏体包围,液－固界面形态主要取决于奥氏体－液相界面的稳定性。分析表明,稀土在石墨－液相界面的富集是导致石墨－奥氏体共晶离异生长的主要原因。     

稀土奥-贝蠕铁性能随温度的变化

用万能电子材料试验机等设备，研究了稀土奥—贝蠕铁在高温下的冲击、热疲劳、氧化质量增量、伸长率以及室温硬度等。通过这些高温性能的研究，揭示了稀土奥—贝蠕铁在高温下工作的条件与范围。     

Nucleation of Bainite in Bainite Ductile Cast Iron

The bainite ductile cast iron with given comppasition was quenched to get bainite strueture. The nucleating position of bainite and the distrihution of alloying elements in the matrix were measured. The results show thai the bainite nucleates at the interface between graphite and austenite during quenching. Based on the experimental results and thermodynamics, the nucleating tnechanism of bainite in ductile iron was analyzed.     

用稀土基涂料实现灰铁件表面层石墨球化工艺的研究

在铸型表面涂刷含有１＃稀土硅铁和７５硅铁的合金涂料，浇注普通灰铸铁成分的铁水，得到了表面层为球状的石墨，过渡层为蠕虫状石墨，本体为片状石墨的复合铸铁材料。表面层石墨球化的厚度可达到２．５ｍｍ以上。     

奥氏体-贝氏体球墨铸铁中石墨与基体界面的疲劳强度

采用系统分析的方法，通过3点弯曲疲劳实验，跟踪监测了奥氏体-贝氏体球墨铸铁试样的疲劳损伤过程。实验结果表明，奥氏体-贝氏体球墨铸铁中石墨球与基体组织界面有一定的疲劳强度；在不同的疲劳载荷作用下，该处疲劳开裂的时间和程度存在差异，并对疲劳裂纹的萌生和扩展有不同的影响。     

球墨铸铁微观组织形成的数值模拟

基于结晶动力学理论,建立了球墨铸铁凝固过程各阶段微观组织形成形核和长大的数学模型;根据该结晶动力学模型,编制了球铁微观组织形成模拟软件FTStructure．该软件可以预测球铁凝固过程中各相的形成以及固态转变中铁素体和珠光体的形成,并进而预测铸态力学性能．模拟了阶梯形试块的冷却曲线、微观组织和布氏硬度．模拟与实测结果符合较好．     

The Microstructure of Graphite Spherulites in Cast Iron

The microstructure of graphite spherulites （G.S.） in Ce addition ductile cast iron was carried out using transmission electron microscopy （TEM） techniques. The structral characterization of the graphites is as following: there are platelets growing along the periphery as well as fan-like structure formed from platelet aggregates in the diameter section of spherulite, in which most of the platelets are with sizes ranging from several to tens nm in radial; the [001] direction of the platelets would have a tend to parallel to radial of the G. S. and meanwhile, they also a small misorientation deviated from the radial among the platelets each other. It shows that the anisotropy of graphites has been restrained by adding Ce element in cast iron and the structural characterization of the G. S. is consistent with the Double’ s model of the conical helixes formed in helical growing and branching.     

Effect of RE Complex Inoculation on the Fatigue Wear Behaviours of High Chromium Cast Iron

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