反应堆压力容器内壁环形锻件焊接残余应力三维有限元数值模拟

某新型反应堆压力容器内壁设计了环形锻件与筒体内壁焊接的环形焊接结构。该种结构形式的焊缝首次在反应堆压力容器中出现,无成熟经验可以借鉴。为了了解该种复杂结构形式及大厚度焊缝的焊接残余应力幅值及分布规律,基于ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立了反应堆压力容器内壁环形锻件多层多道焊接三维有限元模型。在此基础上,以带状移动温度热源作为焊接热源模型计算出多层多道焊接的瞬态温度场结果,采用热-力间接耦合法,得到了焊接应力场计算结果。模拟结果表明,焊缝区域环向应力从上表面到下表面分布趋势为拉应力-压应力-拉应力,呈现自平衡的分布形式。根部焊道区域的环向应力为拉应力。焊缝上轴向应力最大为300 MPa左右;焊缝上下表面径向应力较大,达到400～500 MPa左右;峰值等效应力出现在焊缝根部区域,幅值最大约700 MPa。     

反应堆压力容器内环形件焊接过程数值分析

针对反应堆压力容器内环形件的焊接过程进行了有限元计算,分析了结构焊后残余应力分布。与三维模型计算结果比较,发现二维轴对称模型可以很好地反映残余应力分布情况,且大大提高计算效率。在此基础上讨论了焊道集中方法以及焊接顺序对结果的影响,结果表明计算时采用焊道集中方法可以兼顾计算效率和计算精度,非对称坡口形式进行3次焊接时的残余应力水平较低。这些结论为反应堆的设计制造提供了参考。     

残余应力对压力容器脆断的影响

前言大型压力容器主要采用焊接结构。焊接残余应力的存在,往往加速脆断发生。因而研究焊接残余应力对压力容器脆断的影响是十分重要的课题。焊接残余应力对压力容器脆断的研究有两     

基于有限元分析的压力容器应力分布研究

考虑到压力容器的结构对称性,选取1/4模型作为研究对象,采用三维有限元分析方法获得卧式压力容器的应力分布状况。详细描述了容器的应力分布以及支座中各个不同部件的应力分布情况,同时还研究了变化载荷及不同几何参数对应力的影响。推荐在压力容器和鞍式支座设计中2项最优比值,即压力容器端部到支座距离与压力容器长度之间的比值。     

探讨减少压力容器焊接应力的相关方法

研究证明,焊制的压力容器的焊接区存在着极大的残余应力。该残余应力的峰值大小和分布状态会直接对压力容器产生不良影响。所以,本文笔者探讨了减少压力容器焊接残余应力的方法．希望能提高压力容器的制造质量。     

核电站接管安全端异种金属焊接接头残余应力预测的研究现状

接管安全端异种金属焊接接头是压水堆核电站中连接主设备低合金钢压力容器接管嘴与不锈钢管道的一种典型结构,易发生一次侧应力腐蚀开裂,而焊接残余拉应力是造成此种应力腐蚀开裂的主要因素之一.因此,准确评估接管安全端异种金属接头的焊接残余应力分布至关重要.通过有限元模拟研究焊接残余应力旨在保障核电设备的结构完整性.介绍了接管安全端异种金属焊接接头的结构、材料与焊接工艺特点,综述了有限元模拟方法预测异种金属焊接接头残余应力分布的数值计算工作和典型流程,以及诸多因素对有限元模拟异种金属焊接接头残余应力的影响.     

基于ANSYS的压力容器应力分析

在Pro/E中建立压力容器三维模型后,采用ANSYS对压力容器进行有限元分析,获得在多种载荷综合作用下应力、应变的真实分布情况,找出最大应力处及危险截面。为压力容器的设计、精确校核及结构优化提供可靠的数据参考,使得对压力容器的设计更为科学合理。     

焊接残余应力的小孔法测试

应用小孔释放法对系列手弧焊接接头的焊接残余应力分布进行测试，讨论了焊接残余应力的分布规律及其相关影响因素，对加载法消除焊接残余应力的效果进行了初步的验证。结果表明，焊接接头的应力不均匀性和不确定性是影响钢制压力容器安全性的关键，采用加载法可以有效地改善这种非均匀应力分布状况。     

浅析降低压力容器焊接应力的方法

焊接作为压力容器制造过程中最关键的一道工序,对压力容器的质量起着决定性的作用。在焊接过程中,不可避免地会产生大小不等的焊接应力,为了解决这一问题,阐释了压力容器焊接应力的产生原理以及危害,并有针对性地分析了降低压力容器焊接应力的方法。     

压力容器应力场数值模拟及边缘应力初探

利用三维扫描仪对压力容器进行扫描,从而比较精确的建立模型,再利用ANSYS软件得到椭球壳与圆柱壳体的连接处的边缘应力的分布曲线和碟形壳与圆柱壳体的连接处的应力分布曲线,重点解决了压力容器边缘应力的计算问题,对设计压力容器时的安全性提供了重要的资料。     

Analysis of the Fatigue Strength of Welds in Terms of Local Stress

A local approach is developed for calculating the fatigue strength of welded metal structures, selecting the basic weld structure, and identifying the group of welded structures corresponding to that basic structure. To that end, the stress state of typical welded structures is analyzed on the basis of two-level stress concentrators. The results may be used to develop standards for calculating the fatigue strength of welded metal structures.     

相贯线处含穿透裂纹接管的补强研究

由于含缺陷容器在补强下的安全评价对在役压力容器的使用有重要的意义,使用ANSYS软件,采用三维有限元方法,对带补强圈含肩部穿透裂纹接管在内压作用下结构的应力进行计算和分析。研究表明,在弹性范围内,此结构的最大Mises应力与内压呈线性关系,且结构最大Mises应力的位置为接管腹部下方容器和补强圈的焊接处。在内压一定的情况下,此结构的最大Mises应力比带补强圈无缺陷接管的应力大,比无补强圈无缺陷接管的应力小。此结论能够指导实际工程中对此类缺陷的补强和评定。     

S型焊接金属波纹管的应力仿真与试验研究

采用ANSYS建立了S型焊接金属波纹管的三维模型,利用其分析模块,对波纹管进行了非线性有限元仿真分析,计算出波纹管在不同压缩位移情况下的应力及失效变化。利用ANSYS的仿真分析结果与试验相对比,得到了S型焊接金属波纹管应力随位移变化的曲线图,为S型焊接金属波纹管的结构优化设计及疲劳失效计算提供了参考依据。     

Residual stress evaluation in dissimilar welded joints using finite element simulation and the L CR ultrasonic wave

Subsurface stresses in welded structures increase the likelihood of fatigue cracks and environmental induced material degradation. The ability to evaluate stresses at the surface as well as in the interior of welded structural members would substantially increase the accuracy of structure life estimation. The longitudinal critically refracted (L _CR) wave is a bulk longitudinal mode that travels within an effective depth underneath the surface. It may be used to detect in-plane subsurface stresses in the structures. This paper presents a three dimensional thermo-mechanical analysis to evaluate welding residual stresses in dissimilar plate-plate joint of AISI stainless steel 304 and Carbon Steel A106-B type. After finite element simulation, the residual stresses were evaluated by L _CR ultrasonic waves. Finally the results of two methods were compared and verified by hole-drilling method. This paper introduces a combination of ??Finite Element Welding Simulation?? and ??Ultrasonic Stress Measurement using the L _CR Wave?? which is called as ??FEL _CR??. The capabilities of FEL _CR??. The capabilities of FEL _CR in residual stress measurement are confirmed here. And also this paper evaluates residual stresses of dissimilar welded joints by LCR ultrasonic waves. It has been shown that predicted residual stress from three dimensional FE analyses is in reasonable agreement with measured residual stress from LCR method and also the results of both are verified with hole-drilling experimental measurements.     

浅析应力集中对焊接接头疲劳强度的影响

焊接结构能否承受交变动载荷主要是看焊接接头的疲劳强度.应力集中是造成焊接疲劳的一个重要因素,采用改善焊缝几何形状、焊接接头类型等措施来降低应力集中可以有效地提高焊接接头的疲劳强度.     

Design of a laser welded thin metal tube structure incorporating welding distortion and residual stress

The welding process, incorporating rapid heating and cooling, generates distortion and residual stress in the welded structures. In the design of a high quality welded structures, the weld distortion and residual stress have to be considered in advance. Especially, for the thin metal welded structures, the thermal distortion and residual stress have a severe effect on the structure’s precision, fatigue strength, buckling strength and so on. This study aims to analyze the design candidates of a laser welded thin metal tube structure in the view point of welding distortion and residual stress. Three design candidates were fabricated, and then the distortion was measured. And the residual stress distributions were calculated by using a commercial FEM package. The analysis results show that the distortion and residual stress were affected according to the position of weld line and the design of structure. By using the analyses the best one among the three design candidates was selected finally.     

基于ANSYS的裂纹尖端应力强度因子研究

通过ANSYS建立焊接接头三区域模型。分别定义了不同的力学性能参数来模拟焊接接头各个区域力学性能的不均匀性,分别计算裂纹处在焊接接头各个区域的应力强度因子。计算结果表明：焊缝应力强度因子最低,母材次之,热影响区最高。说明材料的屈服强度与裂纹尖端的应力强度因子有密切的关系。屈服强度越高,应力强度因子越低。     

Effect of constraint on fracture behavior of welded 17mn4 and aisi304 steels

In this study, 17Mn4 (P295GH) pressure vessels steel and AISI304 stainless steel were welded with ER309L austenitic consumable. In experimental part of the study, tensile tests were conducted on welded plates and variation of hardness values along specimen was measured. J-integral fracture toughness values were investigated for different crack locations. In order to determine the regions where plastic deformation did not take place due to constraint, uni-axial tensile test was performed on welded tensile specimen after attaching strain gauges. In numerical part of the study, finite element (FE) analyses were conducted by fixing 2-D models precracked on different locations by using ANSYS software. In these models, stress triaxiality and plastic deformation characteristics around crack tip were determined for each crack locations after stress — strain analyses. The limitation on the extension of plastic deformation at diffusion line causes extra increase in stress triaxiality at crack tip.     

基于等效结构应力法的镁合金接头疲劳寿命预测

针对镁合金焊接结构疲劳强度评估方法不全面的问题,在等效结构应力法的研究基础上,提出了镁合金焊接接头疲劳寿命预测方法。基于 200 余个包含不同特征的镁合金接头疲劳试验数据,采用有限元数值模拟,计算试件接头焊趾处的等效结构应力。结合 ASME 标准中对曲线拟合的规范,进行镁合金接头寿命曲线拟合,得出了预测疲劳寿命的常系数 C d 和 h 。将拟合结果与铝材的疲劳寿命曲线进行对比,结果表明,镁合金接头在 1×10^7?次循环下的疲劳强度约为 31.6 MPa ,同等条件下约为铝材疲劳强度的 82% 。该镁合金接头疲劳寿命预测方法可用于评估镁合金结构疲劳强度是否满足轨道车辆车体结构使用需求。     

测井仪耐压钢筒的应力分析与强度校核

测井仪耐压圆筒在外压作用下处于三向应力状态,按不同的失效准则和强度条件有不同的设计公式。文中运用最大剪应力理论和形状改变比能理论,推导出了测井仪器耐压圆筒在弹性极限范围内的最小壁厚和强度校核公式,并分析比较在不同强度理论下的结果,为快速计算耐压圆筒壁厚及强度校核提供了可靠的理论依据。