粉末冶金法制备碳纳米管增强金属基复合材料研究进展

粉末冶金法具有工艺灵活,可设计性强等特点,是制备碳纳米管增强金属基复合材料的重要制备方法之一。简述了粉末冶金工艺制备金属基复合材料的流程和工艺特点,枚举若干实例总结了粉末冶金法制备碳纳米管增强金属基复合材料的性能特点,以及国内外研究现状,展望了该类材料未来发展前景。     

Cu/C复合材料的研究现状

Cu/C复合材料是一种极具发展前途的金属基复合材料.综述了Cu/C复合材料的性能特点和国内外的研究现状,并深入介绍了粉末冶金法、热压固结法、液相浸渗法3种主要的Cu/C复合材料的制备工艺.粉末冶金法的优点是制造温度低,适于多种基体与纤维,特别是短纤维的结合;缺点是对纤维的损伤大,纤维分布不均.热压固结法相对粉末冶金法而言,对纤维的损伤小,材料性能较好,但工艺较复杂,制造成本高.液相浸渗法制得的Cu/C复合材料在发达国家得到了广泛的应用,但工序繁复,设备庞大,能耗大,成本高,而且仅适用于高石墨比例的Cu/C复合材料的制备.     

电沉积法制备金属基复合材料的发展动态

评述了电沉积法制备金属基复合材料的国内外发展状况,介绍了电沉积法的制备工艺,以及由此制得的金属基复合材料的应用前景。     

金属基复合材料喷射沉积技术

评述了金属基复合材料的加工工艺,着重介绍了喷射沉积颗粒复合材料的研究进展,对制得的复合材料的微观结构、凝固特点和力学性能进行了分析讨论。还介绍了氧化法制备Al/Al_2O_3复合材料的新工艺。     

网络陶瓷增强金属复合材料的研究现状

综述了目前网络陶瓷增强金属基复合材料的发展及研究现状,重点介绍了网络陶瓷预制体及复合材料的主要制备工艺,并指出了各工艺的特点.评述了网络陶瓷增强金属复合材料的性能特点,指出了目前网络陶瓷增强金属基复合材料存在的问题及解决方法,并展望了对网络陶瓷增强金属基复合材料未来的发展方向.     

金属基复合材料概述

本文对金属基复合材料的分类、性能和制备工艺进行了总结分析,列举了三种典型的金属基复合材料及其应用,阐述了国内外研究现状,指出了金属基复合材料研究中存在的问题并对其发展作出展望.     

电溶积法制备金属基复合材料的发展动态

评述了电沉积法制备金属基复合材料的国内外发展状况，介绍了电沉积法的制备工艺，以及由此制得的金属基复合材料的应用前景。     

喷射共沉积颗粒增强金属基复合材料的研究现状与进展

作为一种综合了铸造与粉末冶金优点制备近成形颗粒增强金属基复合材料的方法,喷射共沉积技术及其应用受到了广泛的关注。本文综述了喷射沉积颗粒增强金属基复合材料的发展现状;介绍了喷射共沉积技术的原理;讨论了喷射共沉积过程中金属液体对增强相的捕获机理和凝固前沿对颗粒的捕获问题;介绍了喷射沉积颗粒增强金属基复合材料的装置及工艺参数的控制;着重介绍了喷射沉积材料的组织性能及致密化工艺,提出通过旋球同步预致密后再分别进行往复镦-挤和等径角挤压实现沉积坯的大塑性变形达到完全致密与冶金结合;指出了喷射沉积金属基复合材料将向组织均匀化、韧性化、完全致密化方向发展。     

金属基石墨烯复合材料的合成机理及工艺方法

石墨烯具有良好的力学性能、导电导热和耐腐蚀性能,大部分纯金属只有在某些方面有着单一的良好性能,而不具备多维度的优良材料性能,金属基复合材料可以弥补纯金属在单一方面性能的不足,具有比单一基体更优异的性能;石墨烯/金属基复合材料(Gr-MMC)在航空航天、汽车、电子和军事领域有着广泛的应用。详细介绍了微观层面金属基表面沉积石墨烯的机理,在不同的金属表面石墨烯会表现出不同的行为,其中铜、钌、铱、镍是比较有代表性的几种金属,通过研究在不同金属上的沉积机理能够更好地从微观层面指导金属基复合材料的制备;金属基石墨烯复合材料的制备工艺针对不同的金属大致可以分为液相法、固相法和沉积处理,对于每种工艺方法的特点和不足也有所提及。     

液态法制备金属基复合材料浸渗动力学模型的研究进展

液态制备法因具有成本低、工艺简单和可操作性强等特点而广泛应用于金属基复合材料的工业化生产。其中,液态浸渗法制备复合材料的关键在于浸渗过程,因此如何控制浸渗过程中的工艺参数来制造高质量的复合材料是人们一直关注的课题。综述了液态法制备金属基复合材料的浸渗动力学模型研究现状,分析了当前研究中存在的问题,提出了相关建议,展望了复合材料浸渗动力学模型的发展趋势。     

Quality Control and Nondestructive Tests in Metal Matrix Composites

Quality control during fabrication and failure monitoring during service have gained importance in the field of metal matrix composites because of their growing uses, especially for structural applications. This review aims to provide a survey of quality control and nondestructive testing relevant to metal matrix composites. The first part presents the determination of the reinforcement parameters which play a very important role in controlling the performance of metal matrix composites. The second part describes the main relevant nondestructive techniques used to identify the defects produced during fabrication or in service. It also shows that the validation of nondestructive techniques and the relationship between their results and component performance should be particularly emphasized in future research work on metal matrix composites.     

ZK30-bioactive glass composites for orthopedic applications: A comparative study on fabrication method and characteristics

Previous in vivo studies on biodegradable magnesium alloys for orthopedic implant applications showed the need to improve early-stage bioactivity. Introducing bioactive particles into a magnesium alloy to form a metal matrix composite (MMC) represents an effective way to enhance the bioactivity of the alloy. In this study, composites with the ZK30 alloy as the matrix and the 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) as the reinforcement phase were fabricated using a semi-solid casting (SSC) method and a powder metallurgy (P/M) method. The SSC and P/M biocomposites with the same weight percents of bioactive glass particles were compared. Optical microscopy showed homogeneously dispered BG particles in the SSC and P/M composites. SEM and EDX analyses confirmed the retention of the morphological characteristics and composition of BG particles in the composites. However, the SSC composites exhibited micro-porous structures, while the P/M composites had nearly fully densified structures. As compared with the ZK30 matrix, the SSC composites exhibited significantly higher degradation rates, while the P/M composites possessed lower degradation rates. On the surface of all the composites, accelerated deposition of Ca and P ions occurred during immersion in the cell culture medium, indicating an improved surface bioactivity of the composites. The P/M method was found to be advantageous over the SSC method and could yield magnesium-matrix composites with enhanced corrosion resistance and early-stage bioactivity needed for biodegradable bone implants.     

Particulate metal matrix composites and their fabrication via friction stir processing – a review

Particulate-reinforced metal matrix composites are of particular interest because of their ease of fabrication, low cost, and isotropic properties. Friction stir processing offers a promising alternative in the fabrication of surface as well as bulk metal matrix composites. Its very nature aids in the microstructural refinement of the matrix material, avoids the formation of detrimental phases and provides flexible control of the process. Over the period, the technique was successfully applied in the synthesis of various composites. This paper conducts a critical review of the current trends and strategies used to enhance friction stir process efficiency during fabrication of particulate metal matrix composites. It discusses a few of the key underlying principles necessary for making the right combination of matrix and reinforcement. The exhaustive comparative study presented in this article helps in identifying matrix/reinforcement combinations that are yet to be addressed. In the end, a few crucial observations are summarized and important suggestions are provided for future work.     

金属基复合材料研究进展

本文对金属基复合材料目前的进展进行了综述,内容包括增强体、基体及各种金属基复合材料;新的加工技术和应用,以及有关金属基复合材料的界面行为,力学性能和破坏过程的研究情况,特别着重介绍了国内的研究工作,对金属基复合材料在今后的发展中如何充分发挥潜力也作了设想。      

Metal matrix composites. A bird’s eye view

Composite materials, in general, have so far been used mainly for structural applications. However, with regard to metal matrix composites, interest is growing on account of their physical properties. Indeed, customer requirements in this field cannot always be met by traditional materials. This paper first presents a brief overview of the interaction between fabrication, microstructure and properties of metal matrix composites. Further, some changes in the strategy for modelling and designing these materials are discussed. Finally, future prospects are outlined.     

铝基复合材料增强体涂层与界面

基体与增强体间的界面对金属基复合材料的性质起着重要的作用。为改善复合材料增强体与基体合金的浸润性,避免有害界面产物的形成,往往通过增强体表面涂层处理加以解决。本文综述了增强体涂层种类、涂覆方法及其对复合材料的界面和性能的影响。     

碳化硅晶须增强铝复合材料的研究

本文工作集中于SiC_w/Al复合材料的制备、材料的微观结构分析和高温瞬时拉伸试验三方面。结果表明,用高压铸造法制造SiC_w/Al复合材料是可行的。用该方法制得的复合材料造价低廉,界面结合良好,具有优良的室温、高温强度和足夠的塑性。      

Magnesium Alloy - SiCp Reinforced Infiltrated Cast Composites

This article relates to the fabrication of magnesium and magnesium alloy with SiC_p reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) by a relatively new infiltration route. The preform for the fabrication of MMC was prepared by a mixed particle method where the matrix metal particles are mixed with the required volume percent of reinforcement without the use of any binders. Characterizations of fabricated composites were done by microstructure, microhardness, and wear studies. The studies revealed that an increase in the volume percent of reinforcement had beneficial effect on the microhardness values and wear studies.     

高能超声作用下数种金属基复合材料的制备及机制

利用高能超声振动制备了A l/陶瓷, ZA 22/陶瓷(粒子平均直径2L) ,A l/P b (Pb 粒子直径< 25L) 和A l/F eA l₃等金属基复合材料, 弥散相在基体中有良好的分布均匀性。依据超声波对熔体作用时的空化和声流效应, 讨论了上述数种复合材料的制备机制。试验结果显示, 该项技术在制备数类金属基复合材料方面具有广泛的适用性。     

Application and exploration of friction stir welding/processing in plastics industry

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a green, pollution-free, low-energy technology with high manoeuvrability. Thermoplastic plastics have extensive applications in the present industry because they offer excellent physical and corrosion properties, high degree freedom of processing and design. In this paper, the current state of FSW/P in plastics industry, including tool improvement, welding methods, process parameters optimisation, metal and polymer joining as well as composites fabrication, has been addressed. Although it presents a major challenge, FSW/P has a great potential to produce defect-free joint and fabricate composites in polymer materials.