脂肪族水性聚氨酯胶膜的合成和性能研究

用傅里叶变换红外光谱以及凝胶渗透色谱对异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）型脂肪族水性聚氨酯胶膜进行了结构表征及分子量分布测试。在此基础上，详细研究了影响胶膜拉强度，断裂伸长率，24h吸水率等性能的关键因素。结果表明：用IPDI为原料合成的脂肪族中性聚氨酯胶膜的耐光性比用甲苯二异氰酸酯为原料合成的芳香族水性聚氨酯胶膜强；异氰酯基/羟基（NCO/OH，摩尔比）对胶膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率有显著影响。NCO/OH增大，胶膜的拉伸强度也增大；NCO/OH越大，胶膜越硬，断裂伸长率越小，亲水基团含量越大，胶膜24h吸水率也越大，胶膜的耐水性越低。     

改性多壁碳纳米管／聚氨酯乳液的制备与研究

以聚醚多元醇（N-210）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）、一缩二乙二醇（DEG）为基料,合成了水性聚氨酯预聚体,采用改性多壁碳纳米管（ MWCNTs ）的悬浊液为分散介质得到水性聚氨酯复合乳液。通过TEM、拉力机、TGA对其胶膜的微观结构、力学性能以及热学性能进行测试,结果表明： MWCNTs均匀分散在聚氨酯胶膜中;当MWCNTs质量分数在0.5％时,拉伸强度达到最大值为17.91 MPa,比纯聚氨酯提高了81％;复合材料的断裂伸长率均达到500％以上,最大达到539％,明显高于未加改性碳纳米管的聚氨酯; MWCNTs的加入可明显提高复合材料的耐热性。     

地毯用水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的合成研究

以甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）、聚酯二元醇、聚醚二元醇、二羟甲基丙酸等为主要原料制得水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。对WPU的乳液和胶膜进行分析和表征,并且讨论聚醚（N-220）与聚酯（PS）质量比、TMP与DEG的质量比、DMPA用量对粒径的影响,最后制得了综合性能优异的地毯用水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。     

环氧树脂改性含硅自消光水性聚氨酯树脂的制备及性能

以聚己二酸1，4－丁二醇酯多元醇(PBA)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）、1，4-丁二醇（BDO）、端羟丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)和环氧树脂(E-51)为单体合成聚氨酯预聚体，三乙胺（TEA）作为中和剂，乙二胺（EDA）作为后扩链剂，合成了一系列环氧树脂改性含硅自消光水性聚氨酯树脂乳液。采用粒度分析仪测定乳液粒径、FTIR表征胶膜表面结构、SEM观察胶膜表面，并分析了胶膜的光泽度、水接触角、热力学等性能。结果表明：在n(PBA)：n(PDMS)=1:2的条件下，环氧树脂添加量为5 %时，乳液粒径为1152 nm，胶膜60?光泽度为3.4；水接触角为107.3?，疏水性能最优；胶膜拉伸强度可达24.42 MPa，断裂伸长率在362 %，力学性能最优；胶膜热失重50 %时温度较未添加E-51的胶膜提高了18.3 ℃。     

UV固化氨基胍盐改性蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯的制备及抗菌性能

以蓖麻油（CO）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、阳离子扩链剂N-甲基二乙醇胺（MDEA）、封端剂甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEMA）为主要原料制备一系列紫外（UV）固化型蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯（UWPU）。为进一步提升其抗菌性能，通过引入胍基的方法，成功制备出抗菌型UV固化蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯(GWPU)。通过耐水性测试、抑菌圈测试、抗菌性能测试对实验制备胶膜性能进行检测。 结果表明：GWPU胶膜相对UWPU吸水率有所上升，但均保持在10%以下；GWPU胶膜抗菌方式为接触性杀菌同时不具有溢出性；当氨基胍盐（AH）质量分数为预聚物1.2%时GWPU对金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)、大肠杆菌(E.coli)的抗菌率可达99.9%，且经过抗菌持久性测试后仍能保持99.9%的抗菌性。     

三乙胺用量对水性聚氨酯树脂性能的影响

以TD1、N210、DMPA为基本原料，三乙胺作中和剂，用丙酮法合成了水性聚氨酯乳胶（WPU）。探讨三乙胺用量（中和度）对水性聚氨酯乳胶（WPU）性能的影响。发现：三乙胺用量增加，乳胶粘径减小，粘度增大，有利于乳胶稳定；乳胶膜的Tgs向低温移动，胶膜吸水率增大，抗张强度增大，断裂伸长率缩小。     

环氧基四配位硅改性水性聚氨酯及性能分析

通过二步法制备了环氧基四配位硅（ETCS）改性水性聚氨酯，研究了n（-NCO）：n（-OH）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）的含量、ETCS含量对水性聚氨酯乳液及成膜性能的影响，确定了n（-NCO）：n（-0H）在1．5-1．7之间，DMPA质量分数在5％左右，ETCS质量分数小于3％时制得的乳液外观呈蓝光半透明，粒子半径小，稳定性高；涂膜耐热性高、吸水率低。实验证明ETCS作为扩链剂比乙二胺作扩链剂时合成的水性聚氨酯各方面性能均有提高。     

扩链交联剂对水性聚氨酯乳液性能的影响

分别以一缩二乙二醇(DEG)、乙二醇(EG)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、乙二胺(EDA)及三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为扩链交联剂,液化MDI为异氰酸酯组分,聚醚二醇(PPG)为低聚物多元醇组分,采用预聚体法制备了一系列水性聚氨酯(WPU)。通过万能材料试验机、热重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)等表征手段研究了扩链交联剂对水性聚氨酯乳液及胶膜性能的影响。结果表明:BDO型WPU乳液粒径最小,黏度最大,稳定性最好;TMP型WPU胶膜具有最大拉伸强度,DEG型WPU胶膜具有最大断裂伸长率;TMP型WPU胶膜耐热性最好。     

双组分高固含量复合薄膜用水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备

采用聚酯二元醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）等为原料制备了水性聚氨酯,讨论了水性聚氨酯乳液的固含量及亲水性脂肪族聚异氰酸酯交联剂对水性聚氨酯性能的影响。结果表明：随着水性聚氨酯乳液固含量的提高,乳液的黏度明显提高,复合薄膜T型剥离强度增大;随着交联剂用量的增加,水性聚氨酯胶膜的吸水性明显下降;当水性聚氨酯／交联剂配比为10／1．0,熟化时间为16h时,T型剥离强度值达到最大值。     

聚酯－ 聚醚复合型水性聚氨酯的制备与性能

以聚碳酸酯二元醇和聚醚二元醇为软段,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、扩链剂2,2 － 二羟甲基丙酸( DMPA) 及1,4 －丁二醇为硬段,用预聚法制备了稳定的阴离子型水性聚氨酯乳液及其胶膜,用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征,并研究了DMPA 用量和n( —NCO) /n( —OH) 对聚氨酯乳液稳定性及胶膜性能的影响。结果表明,聚酯－聚醚复合型水性聚氨酯胶膜具有优异的耐水性;在聚酯二元醇与聚醚二元醇的质量比为1 /1 的情况下,当DMPA 质量分数为6%、n( —NCO) /n( —OH) 为1. 3 时水性聚氨酯乳液及其胶膜的综合性能较好。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.