三氯乙烯O3／H2O2化学氧化过程

根据自由基机理导出了有机物在Ｏ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化过程的反应动力学模型,实验了三氯乙烯在Ｏ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化过程的降解,并与它在Ｏ３氧化过程中的降解进行了比较,实验结果与理论模型相吻合。     

高级氧化过程的研究与进展

综述了近２０年来前人在高级氧化过程，包括Ｏ３／ＵＶ，Ｈ２Ｏ２／ＵＶ，Ｏ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２，Ｏ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２／ＵＶ，ＴｉＯ２／ＵＶ等方面所做的工作。探讨了高级氧化过程过程中自由基ＯＨ·形成和自由基反应在除去污染物过程中的作用。     

叔丁醇的复合氧化反应动力学及其降解的研究

在光谱反应器中研究了有机物叔丁醇（ＴＢＡ）在Ｈ２Ｏ２,Ｏ３和Ｏ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２及不同ｐＨ值时的氧化反应动力学及其降解过程。结果表明,ＴＢＡ几乎不被过氧化氢氧化;在酸性及中性条件下,ＴＢＡ较难在臭氧中降解,随着ｐＨ增加,ＴＢＡ的臭氧化速率加快,ＴＢＡ较容易在Ｏ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２中氧化降解。     

废话水中有机污染物高级氧化过程的降解

讨论了废朱中有机污染物Ｏ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２高级氧化过程的降解及其反应机理,探讨了有机污染物高级氧化过程降解的控制机制。     

超声强化O_3氧化能力的机理探讨

Ｏ３是一种氧化性很强的强氧化剂,具有良好的杀菌消毒和氧化降解污染物的能力,但固运行费用高而限制了其在水处理中的广泛应用。研究发现,超声可以通过超声粉碎作用,增加单位时间内Ｏ３的浓度;超声空化效应产生高能条件,促使Ｏ３空化泡中的Ｏ３直接快速的分解,产生自由基;超声空化效应促使Ｏ３分解产生氧化性强的Ｈ２Ｏ２。     

电催化产生H2O2和.OH机理及在有机物降解中的应用

采用自制的电催化装置研究了苯酚、苯胺和邻苯二甲酸二甲酯有机物降解机理，证实了在有机物电催化降解过程中活性物种Ｈ２Ｏ２和·ＯＨ的存在。实验结果表明，有机污染物去除效率的关键在于体系产生活性中间体的量，在本实验条件下，可用体系产生Ｈ２Ｏ２的量来衡量电催化效率的大小。体系产生的Ｈ２Ｏ２水平高，相应有机污染物去除效率愈高，而且仅当体系产生的Ｈ２Ｏ２大于０．３ｍＬ／Ｌ时，有机物去除效率才有明显的提高。     

H2O2治理环境污染物机理及其应用的探讨

过氧化氢治理污染物主要是它和绝大多数有机物生成氢氧游离基反应，并用此反应机理剖析多种类型有机物氧化降解过程，提出应用Ｈ２Ｏ２治理某些场合的污水，废气和除臭等，并提出相关的参考流程。     

UV/H2O2系统光催化氧化降解苯酚废水

引　言利用催化降解技术或光化学方法氧化降解污染物的过程通常称为高级氧化过程ＡＯＰ(ＡｄｖａｎｃｅｄＯｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎＰｒｏｃｅｓｓ) ,高级氧化过程包括 :紫外光(ＵＶ) /过氧化氢 (Ｈ2 Ｏ2 )系统、臭氧 (Ｏ3) /ＵＶ系统和Ｈ2 Ｏ2 /Ｏ3系统 ,以及Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ(Ｆｅ2 +/Ｈ2 Ｏ2 )试剂处理和ＴｉＯ2 /ＵＶ降解技术等 .ＡＯＰ是通过有机物的光解或与在催化作用下产生的自由基反应生成有机自由基 ,这些有机自由基与溶解氧进一步形成过氧化自由基和过氧化物 ,引发整个降解过程的进行 ,最后使有机物完全降解[1] .ＡＯＰ也通常被认为是一种…     

催化氧化法降解废水过程

探讨了催化氧化过程,如Ｏ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２,Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂均相催化氧化;Ｈ２Ｏ２／ＵＶ,Ｏ３／ＵＶ光催化氧化;非均相湿式催化氧化,活性炭纤维电极法,非均相催化和生化氧化等过程处理废水及其应用。     

用热分析方法研究络合物Pd（NH3）4Cl2.H2O的热氧降解过程与动力学

用差热分析法、热重分析法和微分热重分析法研究经各合物Ｐｄ（ＮＨ３）４Ｃｌ２．Ｈ２Ｏ在空气流中的热氧解过程和动力学，发现Ｐｄ（ＮＨ３）４Ｃｌ２Ｈ２Ｏ热氧降解过程由４个紧连步骤组成。     

Advanced Oxidation and Degradation of Vinyl Chloride in Water

A kinetic model has been developed for the degradation of organic pollutants, by considering both the decomposition of ozone molecules and the interaction between ozone and hydrogen peroxide in the formation of a hydroxyl radical, and the subsequent reactions. Rate equations were derived for the depletion of ozone and pollutants in the advanced oxidation processes (known as the peroxone oxidation). Experiments were carried out at 298 K in the pH range 3 to 11. Kinetic data obtained experimentally from the hydrogen peroxide‐ozone reaction and advanced oxidation of vinyl chloride were analyzed by using the proposed rate equations, indicating that the depletion rate of ozone increases with the concentrations of ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl ion, as predicted by the kinetic model.     

Degradation of Organic Pollutants by the Advanced Oxidation Processes

A kinetic model hss been developed for the degradation of organic pollutants concerning with hydroperoxide ion as the initial step for generation of hydroxyl radical and its subsequent reac-tion mechanisms. Rate equstions were derived for depletion of ozone and pollutants in the peroxone oxidation process using ozone and hydrogen peroxide as combined oxidants. Kinetic data obtained experimentally form the hydrogen peroxide-ozone reaction and peroxone oxidstion of nitrohenzene were analyzed by using the proponse rate equations.     

Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction between ozone and hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions

A kinetic model has been developed, taking into account both decomposition of ozone molecules and interactions between ozone and hydrogen peroxide for formation of hydroxyl radical and subsequent reactions. Experiments were carried out at 25°C in the pH range of 3 to 13, indicating that the depletion rate of ozone increases with the concentrations of ozone, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl ion, as predicted by the kinetic model. Adverse scavenging reactions, however, also play significant roles at sufficient concentration ratios of hydrogen peroxide to ozone and high concentrations of hydroxyl ion in reducing the depletion rate. Results of this research suggest, that it is most desirable to conduct the peroxone oxidation for pollutant destruction by the hydroxyl radical reaction in alkaline solutions of pH below 11, while maintaining about the same concentration of ozone and hydrogen peroxide.     

Kinetic Study and Optimum Control of the Ozone/UV Process Measuring Hydrogen Peroxide Formed In-situ

This study was conducted to develop a kinetic model of the ozone/UV process by monitoring the trend of in-situ hydrogen peroxide formation. A specifically devised setup, which could continuously measure the concentration of hydrogen peroxide as low as 10 μg/L, was used. The kinetic equations, comprised of several intrinsic constants with semi-empirical parameters (k_chain and k_R3) were developed to predict the time varied residual ozone and hydrogen peroxide formed in situ along with the hydroxyl radical concentration at steady state,[OH°]_ss, in the ozone/UV process. The optimum ozone dose was also investigated at a fixed UV dose using the removal rate of UV absorbance at 254 nm (A₂₅₄) in raw drinking water. The result showed that the continuous monitoring of hydrogen peroxide formed in situ in an ozone/UV process could be used as an important tool to optimize the operation of the process.     

Performance evaluation of ozonation and an ozone/hydrogen peroxide process toward development of a new sewage treatment process—Focusing on organic compounds and emerging contaminants

Performance of ozonation and an ozone/hydrogen peroxide process under a new concept centering on ozonation and/or ozone/hydrogen peroxide processes in sewage treatment processes comprising only physical and chemical processes are discussed, with focus on the removal of matrix organic compounds and emerging contaminants. Matrix organic compounds of filtrated primary sewage effluents were removed to as low as 3.2 mgC/L in the ozone/hydrogen peroxide process at an ozone consumption of around 400 mg/L. Linear relationships between ozone consumption and removal amounts of organic compounds were observed, in which the amounts of ozone required to remove 1 mg of organic carbon were 9.5 and 8.3 mg (2.4 and 2.1 mol-O₃/mol-C) in ozonation and the ozone/hydrogen peroxide process, respectively. Ratios of hydroxyl radical exposure to ozone exposure were in the order of 10^–9 to 10^–8 for ozonation and 10^–7 to 10^–6 for the ozone/hydrogen peroxide process. Experiments and a kinetic evaluation showed that ozonation and/or the ozone/hydrogen peroxide process have high elimination capability for emerging contaminants, even in primary sewage effluent with the thorough removal of matrix organic compounds. Newly found reaction phenomena, the temporal increase and decrease of dissolved ozone and accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in the early stage of oxidation with the continuous feeding of hydrogen peroxide, were presented. Possible reaction mechanisms are also discussed.     

OXIDATION OF C.I. ACID ORANGE 7 WITH OZONE AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN A HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE REACTOR

The degradation of C.I. Acid Orange 7 by ozone combined with hydrogen peroxide was carried out in a hollow fiber membrane reactor, and batch recirculation mode of aqueous phase was employed. The effect of initial pH, hydroxyl radical scavenger, hydrogen peroxide concentration, liquid recirculation rate, gas flow rate, and gaseous ozone concentration on the decolorization of C.I. Acid Orange 7 was investigated. The results showed that the decolorization of C.I. Acid Orange 7 fits the pseudo-half-order kinetic model. The rate constant increased with the increase of initial pH, hydrogen peroxide concentration, liquid recirculation rate, gas flow rate, and gaseous ozone concentration. The presence of hydroxyl radical scavenger inhibited the decolorization rate by over 50%. The combination of ozone with hydrogen peroxide achieved a higher COD removal efficiency than ozone alone in the membrane reactor.     

ELIMINATION OF BENZENE AND CHLOROBENZENES BY PHOTODEGRADATION AND OZONATION PROCESSES

Benzene (B) and two representative chlorobenzenes (1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB) and 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (TCB)) were oxidized by means of UV irradiation alone, ozone alone, and the combinations UV/H₂O₂ and O₃/H₂O₂. In the single photolytic process, the influence on the photodegradation of the pH, temperature, and type of radiation source used was established. A kinetic study was performed by evaluating the first-order rate constants and the quantum yields. The effect of the additional presence of hydrogen peroxide was pointed out in the combined process UV/H₂O₂,with the determination of the specific contribution of the radical pathway to the overall photodegradation system. In the oxidation by ozone based systems (ozone alone and the combination O₃/H₂O₂), the rate constants at 20°C for the reaction of each compound with ozone and hydroxyl radicals were determined.     

Use of the axial dispersion model to describe the O3 and O3 /H2O2 advanced oxidation of alachlor in water

Experiments on alachlor degradation by ozonation alone and combined with hydrogen peroxide using different surface waters have been conducted in a reactor bubble column and a kinetic model of the advanced oxidation process has been proposed. Variables studied were the nature of the surface water (four surface waters were treated), pH (3.5–9.7) and hydrogen peroxide to ozone mass ratio at the column inlet (0.1–1.85 g g^?1). Data on residence time distribution, rate constants and the absorption kinetic regime were considered to prepare the kinetic model, which was also based on the axial dispersion model of non‐ideal flow. The model gives good predictions of alachlor and hydrogen peroxide conversions and the fraction of dissolved ozone (deviations were lower than ±15%) although it fails, in some cases, to yield accurate estimates of the observed experimental trends of concentrations in water at the reactor column outlet. The calculated results were close to those obtained from the more classical N well‐mixed tanks‐in‐series model (deviations with this model were lower than ±20%). It is concluded that quantitative deviations from experimental observations were likely due to the lack of rate data on ozone reactions with organic matter present in the surface waters investigated. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

Aqueous Pesticide Degradation by Ozonation and Ozone-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes: A Review (Part I)

Pesticide pollution of surface water and groundwater has been recognized as a major problem in many countries because of their persistence in aquatic environment and potential adverse health effects. Among various water and wastewater treatment options, ozonation and ozone-based advanced oxidation processes, such as ozone/hydrogen peroxide, ozone/ultraviolet irradiation, and ozone/hydrogen peroxide/ultraviolet irradiation, are likely key technologies for degrading and detoxifying these pollutants in water and wastewater. In this paper, ozone-based treatment of four major groups of pesticides, namely carbamates, chlorophenoxy compounds, organochlorines, and organophosphates, are reviewed. Degree of pesticide degradation, reaction kinetics, identity and characteristics of degradation by-products and intermediates, and possible degradation pathways are covered and discussed.     

臭氧高级氧化技术深度处理气田钻井废水应用研究

文章以气田钻井废水为研究对象,对经过混凝破胶处理后的废水进行臭氧氧化处理,探究了臭氧单独氧化、O3/H2O2氧化、O3/Fe2＋氧化去除CODcr的最优处理条件.研究表明：在三种氧化方法中,O3/H2O2氧化具有最好的CODcr去除效果,其最优反应条件为在pH=10,臭氧投加量为0.5 g/h·L双氧水投加量为0.4％,氧化2h后废水的CODcr去除率可达69.1％.