共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 99 毫秒
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大豆分离蛋白(SPI)经酸性热处理后可自组装形成具有交叉β-折叠结构的纤维聚集体,研究了SPI纤维化对其界面吸附动力学、界面膜扩张流变特征及乳化性质的影响。由于纤维化过程中伴随的蛋白水解,酸性热处理明显改善了SPI在等电点附近的溶解度,但中性p H处溶解度明显下降。SPI纤维化过程中,蛋白表面压增加速度和Ed值明显增强,说明其拥有较高的界面活性,且增强了蛋白分子在界面上的相互作用,易于在界面形成较厚的多层结构。纤维聚集体的形成使蛋白乳液粒径随加热时间延长而不断增加,但其p H稳定性明显增强,明显抑制了其在中性条件下的絮凝,这一改善受加热时间强烈影响。 相似文献
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研究了60℃、80℃和90℃下干热处理对大豆分离蛋白乳化和起泡性能的影响.研究发现,干热处理4 d使大豆分离蛋白的乳化活性增加到最大值,其乳化稳定性也增加到接近最大值的水平,长时间的热处理降低大豆分离蛋白的乳化活性;60℃干热处理1 d使大豆蛋白的膨胀率增加到最大值880%,此后随热处理时间的延长而持续下降,80℃和90℃热处理降低了大豆分离蛋白的泡沫稳定性;干热处理使大豆分离蛋白7S亚基各组分和部分11S酸挂亚基发生共价聚合形成高分子量的聚合物. 相似文献
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大豆蛋白的乳化功能及表征研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
大豆蛋白乳化能力EC是大豆蛋白最重要的功能特性之一,建立一个科学合理的测试方法是十分必要的。本文根据大豆蛋白的理化特性定义了EC,并对其影响因素做了系统的研究。研究结果表明,乳化方式,蛋白浓度,油脂品种,温度及NaCl的浓度对EC有不同的影响。 相似文献
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研究淘汰蛋鸭的胸肉和腿肉组织的总蛋白质和盐溶蛋白含量及盐溶蛋白的功能性质,并与肉鸭进行比较。采用微量凯氏定氮法测定肉鸭和淘汰蛋鸭的胸、腿部肌肉组织的总蛋白质和盐溶蛋白含量,并测定盐溶蛋白的乳化活性和起泡性。结果发现,肉鸭和淘汰蛋鸭的胸部肌肉和腿部肌肉中的总蛋白质含量在22%左右,胸部肌肉的总蛋白质含量稍大于腿部的肌肉总蛋白质含量;肉鸭的胸、腿肌肉中的盐溶蛋白含量分别为(24.61±1.19)%和(28.90±1.57)%,而淘汰蛋鸭的分别为(29.09±1.23)%和(27.27±1.63)%;肉鸭的胸、腿肌肉盐溶蛋白的乳化活性分别为(51.13±2.27)%和(46.53±2.16)%,而淘汰蛋鸭的分别为(50.00±0.73)%和(43.69±2.08)%;肉鸭的胸、腿肌肉盐溶蛋白的起泡性分别为(52.25±2.50)%和(47.67±0.93)%,而淘汰蛋鸭的分别为(54.38±4.27)%和(42.98±1.89)%。 相似文献
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Solubility and Emulsifying Properties of Soy Protein Isolates Modified by Pancreatin 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
Soy protein isolates (SPI) with varying degrees of hydrolysis (DH of 7, 11, 15, 17%) were produced using pancreatin. The surface hydrophobicity indices of pancreatin hydrolyzed SPI (PSPI) (34.5, 34.9, 39. 1, and 40.7 for 7, 11, 15, 17% DH, respectively) were higher than that of SPI (10.5) and control SPI (CSPI) (12.5, 11.9, 12.9, and 12.6 for 10, 60, 120, and 180 min incubation, respectively). The solubilities of PSPI at pH 4.5 were 2.7, 9.1, 11.9, and 18.7%, for 7, 11, 15, and 17% DH, respectively, while the solubilities of SPI and CSPI at the same pH were about 1. 6%. Solubilities of PSPI at pH 7. 0 were > 90% for all DHs tested, while those of SPI and CSPI were 85%. The emulsifying activity index (EAI) of PSPI increased with increasing DH. PSPI with 15% DH had highest EAI (1. 122) which was higher (P < 0. 05) than those of SPI (0.550) and CSPI after 120 min incubation without enzyme (0.568). These results suggest that PSPI could be used as an ingredient for emulsified products and where high solubility at low pH is required. 相似文献
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Y. Hayashi S. Nagano H. Enomoto C.-P. Li Y. Sugimoto H.R. Ibrahim H. Hatta C. Takeda T. Aoki 《Journal of food science》2009,74(1):C68-C72
ABSTRACT: Egg white protein (EWP) was phosphorylated by dry-heating in the presence of pyrophosphate at pH 4 and 85 °C for 1 d, and the foaming properties of phosphorylated EWP (PP-EWP) were investigated. The phosphorus content of EWP increased to 0.71% as a result of phosphorylation. To estimate the foaming properties of EWP, the foams were prepared by 2 methods: bubbling of the 0.1% (w/v) protein solution and whipping of the 10% (w/w) protein solution with an electric mixer. The foaming power, which was defined as an initial conductivity of foam from 0.1% (w/v) protein solution, was a little higher in PP-EWP than in native EWP (N-EWP), and the foaming stability of PP-EWP was much higher than that of dry-heated EWP (DH-EWP) and N-EWP. The microscopic observation of foams from the 10% (w/w) solution showed that the foams of PP-EWP were finer and more uniform than those of N- and DH-EWP. Although there were no significant differences in the specific gravity and overrun of the foams between PP- and DH-EWP ( P < 0.05), the specific gravity and overrun of the foams from PP-EWP were smaller and higher, respectively, than that of the foams from N-EWP. The drainage volume was smaller in the foams from PP-EWP than in those from N- and DH-EWP. These results demonstrated that phosphorylation of EWP by dry-heating in the presence of pyrophosphate improved the foaming properties, and that it was more effective for the foam stability than for the foam formation. 相似文献
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以SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和毛细管电泳研究了大豆分离蛋白-麦芽糊精的Maillard反应形成的共聚物。电泳分析表明:7S亚基与麦芽糊精的反应性较高,而且在文中所研究的蛋白质与多糖质量比的范围内,7S亚基都能与麦芽糊精发生定量的共聚合反应,形成分子特性高度一致的共聚物;而11S亚基与麦芽糊精间的反应性较低,共聚物的分子特性受蛋白质与多糖质量比的影响。共聚物在pH7.0和pH4.5时的乳化性能优于酪朊酸钠,尤其是在pH4.5时具有优良的乳化稳定性。但在较高NaCl浓度时的乳化活性与大豆分离蛋白相比没有明显的改善,其乳化稳定性则明显优于酪朊酸钠。 相似文献
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研究了不同水解时间的瓜尔豆胶对蛋白质-多糖Maillard反应共聚物的乳化特性的影响及不同水相条件下共聚物与酪朊酸钠乳化特性的差异。研究表明,瓜尔豆胶的酸水解时间对大豆分离蛋白-多糖共聚物的乳化活性和乳化稳定性都有明显的影响。水解40min的瓜尔豆胶与大豆分离蛋白反应10 d的共聚物具有优良的乳化性能;在0.3mol/L NaCl和pH 4.0的酸性条件下,共聚物的乳化活性和乳化稳定性都明显高于商品乳化剂酪朊酸钠;在90℃热处理60 min后其乳化活性和乳化稳定性仍接近未经热处理时的酪朊酸钠的乳化活性和稳定性。该共聚物作为安全高效的天然高分子食品乳化剂具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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以罗非鱼下脚料为原料,采用Alcalase蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶对其进行控制酶解,通过pH-stat法控制水解程度,制备不同水解度(1.0%~15.0%)的罗非鱼下脚料酶解蛋白,探讨酶的种类和水解度对其乳化性和发泡性的影响。结果表明:在水解度较低(3.0%~5.0%)时,酶解蛋白的乳化性和发泡性较好,随着水解度进一步增大,酶解蛋白的乳化性和发泡性均降低;比较而言,由中性蛋白酶水解得到的酶解蛋白乳化性较好,而风味蛋白酶水解得到的酶解蛋白发泡性较好;此外,pH值(2~10)对轻度酶解蛋白的乳化性和发泡性影响较大,在pH 4.0~5.0范围内,酶解蛋白的乳化性和发泡性最差。 相似文献
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等电点附近的大豆蛋白由于所带电荷减少、疏水相互作用增强而以聚集体的形式存在且其溶解性较差,故鲜有研究者关注该条件下大豆蛋白的乳化特性。本研究从颗粒稳定乳液的角度出发,分别以等电点附近(p H 5.0)和远离等电点(p H 7.0)两个条件制备了大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate,SPI)稳定的乳液,比较了两种条件下SPI的界面性质及所得乳液的储藏稳定性。结果发现,p H 5.0时SPI的溶解度仅为4.70±0.15%,远远低于p H 7.0时的93.28±1.89%;然而SPI浓度为0.50%时,p H 5.0的界面压却高于p H 7.0;以p H 5.0条件制备的SPI乳液,其界面蛋白吸附量高达87.03±1.28%,而p H 7.0制备的乳液仅为36.15±1.48%;p H 5.0的乳液两个月后液滴的平均粒径为63.15±0.30μm,与新鲜制备乳液(62.36±0.41μm)相比基本不变;p H 7.0的乳液经过两个月储藏后其液滴平均粒径从45.78±0.38μm增加至55.19±1.86μm。可见,以等电点附近条件制备的SPI乳液依然具有良好的储藏稳定性。 相似文献