共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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台阶模糊边的X射线同轴相衬成像参数优化 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
采用图像衬度,信噪比,分辨率和探测器抽样数作为X射线同轴相衬成像质量的综合评价标准,针对具有广泛应用意义的台阶模糊边分布特征的物体,提出了参数优化方法并建立了优化流程.通过数值模拟的方式分别对具有广泛代表性的亚微米焦点源、激光驱动微米焦点源及同步辐射源3种X射线源下成像系统的相关参数进行了优化.结果表明,基于优化方法的优化流程很好地完成了3种X射线源的同轴相衬成像参数优化.可见,这种优化方法具有广泛的应用意义,在根据具体情况对方法进行简单修正的基础上,可以完成任意X射线源下对具有台阶模糊边分布特征物体的同轴相衬成像优化工作. 相似文献
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对铝、黄铜、不锈钢3种金属材料制作的光栅在不同射线剂量和厚度差异的条件下进行图像采集,结合系统级的联合调制评价模型研究不同材料对X射线的调制作用,结果表明:在相同的射线剂量下,无论哪种材料的光栅,厚度差异越大成像反差越大;在厚度差异相同的情况下,随着射线剂量变化,不同材料对射线的调制能力变化趋势相差甚远。对光学调制传递函数、射线剂量和光栅厚度差异值进行三维曲线拟合,建立物质对X射线的调制模型和采集模型。在像增强器成像模型的基础上提出X射线相衬增强滤波模型,通过对薄膜基准目标源进行图像采集,在噪声环境下对其进行积分滤波处理和相衬增强处理,结果压低了图像噪声的同时也强化了目标轮廓信息,并大幅地增强X射线的成像反差。 相似文献
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太赫兹波具有独特的低能性、高穿透性、惧水性等成像特性,将其应用于相衬成像能够反映物体的内部结构和更加丰富全面的生物信息,在生物医学检测等领域具有重要的应用。其中,太赫兹波数字全息成像是一种可以给出定量的振幅和相位信息的非接触、全场相衬成像方法,是太赫兹成像技术领域的重要研究方向之一。本文基于连续太赫兹源,从离轴式和同轴式数字全息成像的相衬成像原理、光路系统和再现算法多个方面,介绍了相关技术的研究现状,分析了太赫兹源、再现算法等因素对成像分辨率的影响,并对太赫兹数字全息的发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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X射线相位衬度成像利用X射线穿过样品后的相位变化, 通过衍射信息来获得样品的结构特征。X射线相位衬度成像在生物影像、显微成像以及材料科学研究中有重要的应用。如果X射线成像样品物质密度比较低, 它对X射线的吸收很小, 所以常规的吸收衬度成像质量较差, 不易分辨样品的结构细节。理论分析和实验研究都表明当X射线束点尺寸减小到一定尺度后, X射线源的空间相干性增强, 采用相位衬度成像可以提高低密度样品的成像质量。X射线相位衬度成像质量与X射线束点尺寸, 样品到影像记录平面之间距离直接相关。本文研究了X射线束点尺寸与低密度样品影像边沿轮廓宽度和对比度之间的影响关系。研究结果表明, 根据低密度样品的介电常数、X射线源到样品距离, 以及样品到影像记录平面距离, 存在最优化的X射线束点尺寸。在该最优化配置条件下, 低密度样品的X射线成像可以获得最好的图像质量。 相似文献
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X射线数字成像技术具有一些引进胶片成像技术所不具备的特点,本文介绍了几种X射线数字成像系统的技术特点和主要性能指标,并就其综合性能进行了比较;介绍了两种常见的X射线数字成像系统的应用情况;对X射线数字成像技术的发展方向作了简述。 相似文献
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X射线管焦斑是X射线管的主要性能指标.其大小直接影响射线成像及照相灵敏度.X射线管作为X射线检测设备的发射源,其性能直接决定了检查设备对物体的图像分辨率指标.小焦斑X射线管的研制,要求其在保证一定发射功率前提下,能够连续稳定工作;既满足检查小零件及高图像分辨率方面需求,又能有效避免X射线管因焦斑过小所造成的靶面烧伤;具有重大现实意义.通过对其结构设计、制造工艺及工作可靠性方面的深入研究,现已成功研制出“小焦斑X射线管”.测试表明:此研究产品在拥有小焦斑特性同时,具有相当的高压稳定性.应用此研究,可开发系列小焦斑X射线管.此产品的成功应用,有望促进X射线检测设备整体水平的提高. 相似文献
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X射线智能安全检查系统等应用场合,X射线光管的管电压和光斑大小直接影响系统的穿透度与分辨力,管电压越高,穿透力越强,光斑越小,分辨力越高,因此在国家重点研发计划的支持下,设计制造了一种管电压为200 kV、光斑大小为0.4 mm×0.4 mm的高电压小光斑X射线光管。利用Lorentz电子光学设计软件与热模拟软件对此X射线光管的聚焦系统结构、高压结构和散热进行设计与模拟。研制的X射线光管测试表明,所设计的X射线光管光斑大小可以达到0.4 mm×0.4 mm要求,在实际工况条件下能稳定可靠工作,平均故障间隔时间大于15000 h。将研制的X射线光管应用于X射线智能检查系统,发现其分辨力和穿透力都优于对照组。 相似文献
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Edward R. Doering George J. Havrilla Thomasin C. Miller 《Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation》2004,23(3):95-105
Space Shuttle orbiter thrusters fabricated from C-103 niobium alloy rely on a fused chromium disilicide coating as protection from high-temperature oxidation. Coating voids caused by high-temperature spalling, micrometeorite damage, or other impact damage must first be detected, and then characterized to measure the amount of remaining coating materials, since service life is directly proportional to coating thickness. Existing techniques to estimate the thickness of this diffusion layer are labor intensive, prone to error, and require contact with the coating. Alternative non-contact methods are sought that can automate the detection and characterization of coating defects.Micro X-ray fluorescence (MXRF) imaging is evaluated in this study as a potential NDE method to inspect the chromium disilicide coating. MXRF imaging, a relatively new technique to map the elemental composition of a surface, creates a high spatial resolution multispectral image that can be analyzed to detect coating voids and to quantify the remaining coating materials diffused in the alloy. Analysis of image data collected from sectioned thruster samples confirms that MXRF imaging is a viable detection and characterization method for the thruster coating inspection problem. 相似文献
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Henning Markötter Bernd Randolf Müller Andreas Kupsch Sergei Evsevleev Tobias Arlt Alexander Ulbricht Shahabeddin Dayani Giovanni Bruno 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2023,25(11):2201034
The hard X-ray beamline BAMline at BESSY II (Berlin, Germany) has now been in service for 20 years. Several improvements have been implemented in this time, and this review provides an overview of the imaging methods available at the BAMline. Besides classic full-field synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (SXCT), also absorption edge CT, synchrotron X-ray refraction radiography (SXRR), and synchrotron X-ray refraction tomography (SXRCT) are used for imaging. Moreover, virtually any of those techniques are currently coupled in situ or operando with ancillary equipment such as load rigs, furnaces, or potentiostats. Each of the available techniques is explained and both the current and the potential usage are described with corresponding examples. The potential use is manifold, the examples cover organic materials, composite materials, energy-related materials, biological samples, and materials related to additive manufacturing. The article includes published examples as well as some unpublished applications. 相似文献
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The performance and reliability of detecting flaws using X-ray techniques are largely conditioned by the dynamic range of
the real-time X-ray imaging systems. This paper proposes a software solution to the problem of dynamic range improvement.
The idea is to acquire two images of the same object under two different acquisition conditions, and to integrate these two
images in order to obtain a more accurate range measurement of signal levels. To do this, a data fusion technique is developed
that is based on the Bayesian theory. The Bayesian fusion method is illustrated with the aid of both simulations and exmaples
on real images. The study demonstrates the possibility of improving significantly the dynamic range of real-time X-ray imaging
systems using data fusion techniques. 相似文献
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调频信号发射超声成像的参数优化与成像实验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究调频信号发射超声成像中影响成像质量的各种参数,提高现有超声图像的信号噪声比.用仿真计算和声学实验来研究不同调频超声信号发射参数下的成像质量.增加超声发射能量,提高图像的信号噪声比;同时,采用相关算法对接收的超声信号解码,保证图像的轴向精度不会下降.优化了调频信号发射超声成像的发射参数,并得到了仿体的B型超声图像,此图像的质量优于传统成像方法的图像质量.该成像方法能够提高超声图像的信号噪声比,尤其是提高超声衰减严重的深部组织图像的信号噪声比. 相似文献
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A technique of determining the parameters of the focal spot of an x-ray tube by obtaining its image by means of Kumakhov optics is described. Through the use of the image thus obtained, it is possible to determine the size and shape of the effective focal spot. Results of investigations of different x-ray tubes are presented. 相似文献