Investigation of Microstructural Features Determining the Toughness of 980 MPa Bainitic Weld Metal

The microstructural features that control the impact toughness of weld metals of a 980 MPa 8 pct Ni high-strength steel are investigated using instrumented Charpy V tester, optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD), and finite-element method (FEM) calculation. The results show that the critical event for cleavage fracture in this high-strength steel and weld metals is the propagation of a bainite packet-sized crack across the packet boundary into contiguous packets, and the bainitic packet sizes control the impact toughness. The high-angle misorientation boundaries detected in a bainite packet by EBSD form fine tear ridges on fracture surfaces. However, they are not the decisive factors controlling the cleavage fracture. The effects of Ni content are essential factors for improving the toughness. The extra large cleavage facets seriously deteriorate the toughness, which are formed on the interfaces of large columnar crystals growing in welding pools with high heat input.     

爆炸预处理提高D级船板(WD钢)模拟CGHAZ韧性的研究

运用示波冲击和维氏硬度试验、扫描电镜断口和电子探针能谱分析、图象仪测定等手段研究了爆炸预处理对WD钢模拟CGHAZ韧性的影响，发现爆炸预处理具有显著提高WD钢大线能量(50kJ／cm)模拟CGHAZ韧性的效果，提高幅度达118％，其原因在于细化原奥氏体晶粒，生成了较多的先共析多边铁素体，软化了组织。     

锰对高氮超级马氏体不锈钢组织与性能的影响

为了进一步提高超级马氏体不锈钢的强塑性能和优良耐腐蚀能力,在实验室条件下研发制备了氮质量分数为0.35％、锰质量分数分别为0.4％和2.0％的2种新型超级马氏体不锈钢试料,并采用淬火-配分的工艺对其进行处理;借助万能试验机、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和电子背散射衍射等方法对试验钢的微观组织和力学性能进行表征测试.研...     

双重退火制度对TC21钛合金断裂韧性的影响

利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜等手段研究了双重退火工艺对TC21钛合金断裂韧性的影响。结果表明：不同退火制度下TC21钛合金试样断裂韧性均在100MPa·m1/2以上;第一次退火温度相同的条件下,随着第一次退火温度的升高,TC21钛合金断裂韧性都略有升高,而在第二次退火温度相同的条件下,第一次退火温度对TC21钛合金断裂韧性影响较小;经950℃×2h／AC＋590℃×411／AC双重热处理的TC21钛合金具有较崎岖的裂纹扩展路径和较好的塑性,故其断裂韧性最高,可达109．7MPa·m1/2。     

钒对18Cr-2Mo铁素体不锈钢性能的影响

 利用Thermo-Calc热力学软件、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪及透射电镜等分析方法,研究了不同钒含量对单铌稳定18Cr-2Mo铁素体不锈钢微观组织、力学性能和点腐蚀性能的影响规律。结果表明：添加钒后的析出相主要是NbC和VN,弥散分布于晶内和晶界,其中NbC的尺寸为100~250nm;随着钒含量的增加,试验钢的晶粒尺寸及屈服强度变化不明显,而冲击韧性及点腐蚀性能逐步得到改善和提高,当wV=0.36%时,钢的韧脆?湮露扔稍嫉?10℃下降至-30℃,点腐蚀电位由0.38V提高至0.42V。     

X52高频焊管焊缝冲击失效原因分析

在-20℃的低温条件下对系列X52高频焊(HFW)管焊缝试样进行了夏比冲击试验,发现个别样品的冲击功明显低于正常平均值。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)以及电子背散射衍射(EBSD)等显微分析技术研究其异常的原因。结果表明,冲击韧性异常试样的断口为解理或沿晶断裂形貌,在断口裂纹起源处存在夹杂物的偏聚区,焊管基体组织中存在严重的珠光体偏聚区,从而导致焊接过程中在焊缝区域形成珠光体条带组织。而冲击功正常的试样断口为韧窝形貌,基体组织分布均匀。X52焊管焊缝冲击韧性的异常降低主要与母材基体组织分布不均匀和焊接工艺有关。     

Mo-La2O3复合材料微观结构与力学性能的研究

采用X射线衍射仪(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),维氏硬度计,电子万能材料试验机,动态热模拟机研究了稀土钼复合材料的结构、形貌、硬度、断裂韧性、高温屈服强度、强韧化机理等。结果表明:在钼中添加适量的La2O3,可起到室温强韧化和高温强化作用。随着La2O3含量的增加,样品的硬度、断裂韧性呈先增后减的规律,其最大值分别为l0.85 GPa7,.25 MPa.m1/2。该材料的强化机制为细晶优化和晶界强化;韧化机制为细晶韧化,裂纹偏转、微桥接和弯曲韧化。     

两相区淬火对5NiCrMo钢组织与性能的影响

研究了淬火 两相区淬火 回火工艺(QQ'T)对5NiCrMo钢力学性能的影响,采用光学显微镜和透射电镜详细观察了微观组织结构,分析了组织演变规律及其对性能的影响.研究结果表明,5NiCrMo钢经QQ'T处理后屈强比降低,低温韧性提高,并改善了回火稳定性.板条状的回火二次马氏体 铁素体的混合组织及回火过程中沿板条边界析出的逆转变奥氏体是试验钢获得良好性能的原因.     

HVAF喷涂WC-10Co-4Cr涂层的气体喷砂冲蚀性能研究

采用空气助燃超音速火焰喷涂HVAF(High Velocity Air Fuel)在304不锈钢基材上制备三种粉末粒径不同WC-10Co-4Cr涂层。利用光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、维氏显微硬度仪、万能拉伸试验机、抗冲蚀试验机对涂层的孔隙率、微观形貌、力学性能、断裂韧性以及气体喷砂冲蚀性能进行研究分析。结果表明,HVAF喷涂的WC-10Co-4Cr涂层孔隙率低,硬度与结合强度高、断裂韧性好,涂层抗冲蚀性能优异。WC-10Co-4Cr涂层在30°冲蚀角下,涂层的气体喷砂冲蚀磨损主要为微切削产生的犁沟。在90°冲蚀角度下,涂层的气体喷砂冲蚀磨损主要表现为疲劳剥落特征。     

Effect of Martensite Morphology on Impact Toughness of Ultra-High Strength 25CrMo48V Steel Seamless Tube Quenched at Different Temperatures

A 25CrMo48V steel for ultra-deep oil/gas well casings was quenched at 900-1 200 ℃ and tempered at 650 ℃. The lath martensitic structures were characterized by optical microscope (OM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the transverse impact energy at 0 ℃ was measured from the as-quenched and tempered specimens. The results show that with the quenching temperature decreased, the prior austenite grain, martensitic packet and block are refined, while the lath width seems to remain unchanged. The enhancement of impact toughness with the decreasing quenching temperature can be attributed to refinement of the martensitic structure with high-angle boundaries, and the block is the minimum structure unit controlling impact toughness. The transverse impact energy [ECVN (0 ℃) ≥100 J] required for seamless casings with ultra-high strength (Rp0.2≥932 MPa) has been finally achieved with the experimental steel quenched at 900-1 000 ℃ and tempered at 650 ℃.     

�����¶ȶ�30Cr4Si2NiMoWNb����ǿ�ȸ���ѧ���ܵ�Ӱ��

The undissolved phases after solution treatment at different temperatures and their effects on the transverse and longitudinal mechanical properties of 30Cr4Si2NiMoWNb ultra- high strength steel after aging at 260?? were investigated by employing scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X- ray analyses of extraction phases. The results show that the impact energy and reduction of area of both directions dramatically decrease when specimens are solution treated below 940??, while the transverse properties are substantially lower than the longitudinal properties. The primary cause of toughness deterioration is suggested to be the existance of plenty undissolved phases in the matrix under 940??, while their co- existance with the segragation bands is the main reason for the unisotropy of toughness.     

低温轧制提高65Mn盘条塑韧性能机理分析

 通过常规工艺、低温开轧、低温精轧3种试验工艺研究了低温轧制对提高65Mn塑韧性能的影响,利用金相显微镜OM、扫描电镜SEM、EBSD等分析了3种试验工艺的组织、大小角度晶界、晶粒尺寸以及片层间距,研究结果表明,低温工艺显著提高弹簧钢的面缩率,降低同圈波动;大小角度晶界、细化的原始奥氏体晶粒与珠光体球团、片层间距是弹簧钢塑韧性能提高的关键所在。     

Effect of Rare Earths on Microstructure and Properties of TiC-based Cermet／Cu Alloy Composite Wear Resistant Materials

The effect of rare earth (RE) oxide on the microstructure and properties of TiC-based cermet/Cu alloy composite hardfacing materials was investigated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), impact test and wear test. The mechanism of RE oxide for improving the phase structure and the impact toughness was also discussed. The experimental results indicate that the microstructure of the matrix can be refined, and the micro- porous defects can be eliminated by adding RE oxide into the composite materials. The polycrystalline and amorphous phase structure is formed at the interface of cermet and matrix metal. The formed structure enhances the conjoint strength of interface. The frictional wear resistance can be improved obviously, although the microhardncss of the matrix metal can not be effectively increased by adding RE oxide.     

热等静压UNS S32750超级双相不锈钢的组织和性能

采用等离子旋转电极雾化-热等静压工艺制备了UNS S32750超级双相不锈钢。利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、电子背散射衍射、万能试验机等手段研究了热等静压UNS S32750超级双相不锈钢固溶处理前后的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:采用等离子旋转电极雾化制备的UNS S32750超级双相不锈钢粉末在150 MPa 压力下,经1200 ℃×3 h热等静压烧结后实现了致密化,相对密度为99.7%。随炉缓冷过程中,烧结件中析出的σ相导致材料韧性显著下降。经1035 ℃×1 h固溶处理后水淬,σ相完全溶解,材料韧性显著提高,显微组织为α和γ两相组织,体积比为65:35,抗拉强度791 MPa,屈服强度586 MPa,断后伸长率38%,冲击吸收功236 J。     

Effect of Nb-V Microalloying on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Non-Quenched and Tempered Steel

Based on optical microscope(OM),transmission electron microscope(TEM) and mechanical performance measurement,the microstructures and mechanical properties of Nb-V micro-alloying non-quenched and tempered steels have been studied.The results showed that the microstructure consists of ferrite and pearlite,in which there exists a lot of intragranular ferrite.Niobium carbide is the main form of carbonitrides,Nb-enriched carbonitrides refine grains,V-enriched carbonitrides have precipitation strengthening effect,which promotes the toughness of the studied steel.The mechanical properties for steels 1,2 and 3 have met the standards required by high load automobile crankshaft,in which the comprehensive property for No.2 is the best.     

块状组织细化对贝氏体钢断裂行为的影响

 中碳贝氏体钢由亚微米贝氏体铁素体板条和残余奥氏体组成,对韧性起主要作用的为残余奥氏体,通过细化块状组织能显著提高贝氏体钢的韧性。为了探究块状组织细化对断裂行为的影响,采用两步贝氏体等温工艺对中碳(碳质量分数为0.3%)贝氏体钢中块状组织进行细化,对拉伸和冲击性能及其裂纹扩展行为变化进行了研究。利用光学、扫描电子(SEM)、透射电子(TEM)显微镜、X射线衍射(XRD)等对试验钢的显微组织类型和尺寸、拉伸和冲击性能及断口形貌进行表征和分析。结果表明,与一步贝氏体工艺相比,两步贝氏体工艺中新形成的贝氏体铁素体分割细化块状马氏体+残余奥氏体,随着真应变的增加,加工硬化的效果更好;断裂形式为韧性断裂,且韧窝的数量、深度更优于一步贝氏体转变,塑韧性更佳。     

冷却速率对新型C61齿轮钢力学性能和微观组织的影响

借助光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等设备,通过力学性能测试和显微组织观察,探究炉冷、水冷、石棉缓冷三种不同冷却方式对C61钢热轧态组织和性能的影响,对比不同状态下试验钢的性能。试验结果表明：冷却速度对试验钢的性能影响较大,由于冷却速率V_水冷>V_石棉缓冷>V_炉冷,导致试验钢在水冷条件下强度、硬度均高于炉冷和石棉缓冷处理时的性能;热轧后经水冷,试验钢的抗拉强度(R_m)和断面收缩率(Z%)分别为1450 MPa和62.7%,XRD分析得知,热轧后随冷却速率增加钢的残余奥氏体含量增多,面心立方的奥氏体有利于提升试验钢的韧性。可见,热轧水冷后的试验钢经过950℃加热1 h,水淬,经过-73℃冷处理1 h后,恢复到室温,最后在482℃回火16 h,空冷至室温是最佳工艺方案。     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of X100 Pipeline Steel Strip简

Dynamic CCT （continuous cooling transformation） curves and effects of microstructures and M/A islands of X100 hot rolled strip on mechanical properties were studied by means of a thermal simulator, a scanning electron mi- croscope （SEM）, a transmission electron microscope （TEM）, a digital micro-hardness tester and Image-Pro Plus analysis software. The results show that high contents of C and Mo can make transformation lines of acicular ferrite and bain- ite shift rightward. High Mo tested strip has higher strength and micro-hardness and lower toughness than the other one because lath bainite appears instead of quasi-polygonal ferrite. Tested strip with granular bainite, lath bainite and M/A islands has better mechanical properties and in the microstructures lath bainite content is around 36.50% and M/A islands are fine and disperse in the matrix.     

Microstructure and Property of Coarse Grain HAZ X80 Pipeline Steel

The coarse grain HAZ microstructure and property of X80 pipeline steel with different carbon content was investigated. The weld thermal simulation test was carried out on Gleeble 1500 thermal mechanical test machine. The Charpy tests were completed at --20 ℃ for evaluating the toughness of coarse grain heat affected zone （CGHAZ）. The microstructure was examined by optical microscope （OM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and the austenite constituent was quantified by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the ultra-low carbon can improve the toughness of CGHAZ by suppressing the formation of carbide, decreasing the martensite austenite （M-A） constituent and increasing the residual austenite in the M A.     

两相区热处理工艺对9NiCrMo钢强韧性的影响

 研究了淬火＋回火（QT）和淬火＋两相区淬火＋回火（QLT）2种热处理工艺对9NiCrMo钢力学性能的影响,分别采用OM和SEM观察了微观组织结构,利用X射线衍射和透射电镜研究了不同热处理后逆转变奥氏体的含量及其分布,进而分析了该工艺对9NiCrMo钢力学性能的影响规律及其机理。结果表明：两相区热处理能够在保证强度级别的同时,有效改善9NiCrMo钢的低温韧性,生成的双相组织及改变了逆转变奥氏体的分布状态是其提高钢低温韧性的主要原因。