水中重金属污染物锑的去除及回用技术研究进展

综述了水中重金属污染物锑的危害,对近年来国内外水中锑的去除技术和回用技术进行了系统的总结,分析了物理法去除技术、化学法去除技术、生物法去除技术和回用技术的优点与缺点,并设想未来锑处理技术的发展趋势为回用技术为主、去除技术为辅。     

高级氧化技术在印染废水处理中应用的探讨

高级氧化技术是近年来备受人们关注的印染废水处理技术,本文分析了印染废水的基本特征,并就高级氧化技术中的超临界水氧化技术、湿式氧化技术、臭氧氧化技术、电化学氧化技术、Fenton氧化技术、超声波处理技术和光催化氧化技术在印染废水中的应用做了阐述,介绍了各技术的基本原理和应用中优缺点,为高级氧化技术在处理印染废水的实际应用提供了理论依据。     

含油污泥处理技术研究进展

综述了我国含油污泥的危害和污染现状,总结了含油污泥无害化及资源化的常规处理技术,介绍了近几年出现的新的处理技术,包括微波处理技术、超声波处理技术、低温热解技术、超临界水氧化技术、植物修复技术以及制作橡胶填料剂,并对我国含油污泥处理技术的发展提出了建议。     

从原油中脱除石油酸技术现状与研究进展

介绍了近几年来国内外发展起来的石油脱酸技术方法,其中重点介绍了碱洗脱酸技术、氨醇脱酸技术、加氢脱酸技术、热分解脱酸技术、溶剂抽提脱酸技术等除去油中环烷酸技术,分析对比了各种脱酸技术的优劣,并阐述了脱酸分离技术在国内外的研究现状及发展趋势。     

蒸汽裂解炉管表面抑制结焦技术研究进展

介绍了蒸汽裂解过程中抑制炉管结焦的主要技术(3D反应器技术、结焦抑制剂技术和炉管表面技术),着重综述了近十年来国内外蒸汽裂解炉管表面抑制结焦技术的研究进展,包括合金炉管材质技术、陶瓷炉管技术、炉管表面预处理技术以及炉管涂层技术的工业应用。对各炉管表面技术所面对的主要挑战进行了总结,并提出了合金炉管技术、陶瓷炉管技术、炉管表面预处理技术以及炉管涂层技术未来的发展方向。     

煤的直接液化与间接液化技术进展

分析了煤液化技术在我国经济发展中的战略性意义,介绍了煤液化技术,包括直接液化技术,间接液化技术,展望了我国煤液化技术的发展方向并提出了建议。     

烟气脱硫脱硝技术发展分析

本文介绍了烟气脱硫脱硝技术的研究现状,从干法和湿法两方面介绍了脱硫脱硝领域的各项技术,对技术脉络进行了梳理,总结和分析了各项技术的优缺点和适应性,并对我国脱硫脱硝技术发展方向和前景进行了展望,为国内烟气脱硫脱硝技术的发展提供了参考。     

水中重金属污染物锑的去除及回用技术研究进展

综述了水中重金属污染物锑的危害,对近年来国内外水中锑的去除技术和回用技术进行了系统的总结,分析了物理法去除技术、化学法去除技术、生物法去除技术和回用技术的优点与缺点,并设想未来锑处理技术的发展趋势为回用技术为主、去除技术为辅。     

非常规能源页岩气开采技术研究

文章分析了目前世界页岩气的储量,描述了国内外页岩气开采的技术水平.分析了页岩气的成藏条件和开发特征.开采页岩气主要采用水平井技术,包括超短半径水平井技术和定向羽状水平井技术,也可以采用注气开采法.分析了固井完井技术和储层改造技术,新型完并技术如聚能射孔和多级完井技术逐渐兴起.储层改造主要采用压裂技术,包括水力喷射分段压裂技术、加拿大封隔器能源服务公司的StackFrac技术、贝克休斯的裸眼封隔器组合分段压裂技术,最后对页岩气的开发提出了自己的建议.     

强化电絮凝技术的基础、现状和未来展望

电絮凝技术作为一种环境友好型水处理工艺,近年来逐渐成为研究热点。在回顾了电絮凝技术的研究历史基础上,论述了强化电絮凝技术在传统电絮凝技术上的改进与发展,综述了国内外在该方向上的净水机理和新观点。重点介绍了强化电絮凝技术在电源技术、电极技术和集成技术上的研究进展,指出了强化电絮凝技术的未来发展方向,以促进该项技术的推广与应用。     

陶瓷零件胶态快速成形技术研究新进展

按照使用陶瓷材料形态的差别将其分为陶瓷粉末快速成形与胶态快速成形两大类,而胶态成形由于成形精度高,可机械加工能力好等特点而备受关注。综述了近年来发展迅速、实用性强的几种陶瓷胶态快速成形技术。着重介绍了各种技术的成形方法和原理、工艺过程及研究现状等,通过比较分析了各种快速成形制造技术在陶瓷零件制造中的特点及其存在的问题,给零件成形时不同技术的选择提供了一些参考,并对胶态成形的进一步发展进行了分析和展望。     

Fabrication of inner complex ceramic parts by selective laser gelling

Various raw materials have been used in rapid prototyping (RP) technologies. However, the ceramics were seldom adopted in RP process. None of the ceramic RP processes investigates in detail the formability procedure from a single line, a single layer, to multi-layers. In this paper, a method, selective laser gelling (SLG), for generating SiO₂ parts with an overhang structure was proposed and a method of formability for affecting the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the part was presented. A strategy was also proposed for generating pillared support to reduce a sagged deflection of the overhang and to demonstrate the ability for forming a complex-shaped part with inner channel structure. The effects of process parameters on the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of the gelled parts were explored and a set of appropriate parameters was obtained.     

电磁辅助钣金拉延快速成型修形磁场实例研究

电磁辅助钣金拉延快速成型技术是一种新型的钣金件拉伸成形技术,修形磁场的设计是电磁辅助钣金拉延快速成型系统磁场设计的关键部分。用ANSYS模拟了单元体之间磁场的分布情况,并用实验验证了修形磁场的可行性。     

Rapid Prototyping of Piezoelectric Ceramics via Selective Laser Sintering and Gelcasting

This article presents a new lost mold rapid prototyping method which combines selective laser sintering (SLS) and gelcasting techniques for fabricating piezoelectric ceramics. SLS was used to fabricate sacrificial molds of the desired structure of the ceramic part. Then aqueous PZT (lead zirconate titanate) suspension was cast in the mold and solidified in situ through formation of a three-dimensional network gel. Because the polymer mold can be easily removed at the initial stage of sintering and the gelcast PZT body has a high green strength, the desired geometry of the PZT part can be completely retained after sintering of the ceramics. Complex-shaped PZT parts were successfully fabricated after using concentrated PZT suspension with low viscosity. Densities and electrical properties, such as the d ₃₃, the relative permittivity ε, the dielectric loss tg δ and the electromechanical coupling factor K _p of the gelcast PZT parts were also compared with those of the die-pressed PZT samples. The results indicated that the gel-forming process did not deteriorate the electrical properties of the samples, if proper dispersant was selected in developing concentrated ceramic slurry.     

陶瓷增材制造(3D打印)技术研究进展

高性能陶瓷是现代技术发展和应用不可或缺的关键材料。常规的陶瓷制造技术难以满足对个性化、精细化、轻量化和复杂化的高端产品快速制造的需求。新兴的增材制造技术(3D打印)在高性能陶瓷的成型制造领域具有巨大的发展潜力,有望突破传统陶瓷加工和生产的技术瓶颈,为陶瓷关键零部件的应用开辟新的途径。本文针对陶瓷材料及其快速成型和后处理工艺,重点阐述了三维打印技术、光固化成型技术、选择性激光烧结技术等主流陶瓷增材制造技术的研究现状,并指出了目前存在的问题及发展趋势。     

Direct Laser Sintering of Al2O3–SiO2 Dental Ceramic Components by Layer-Wise Slurry Deposition

This publication presents a solid freeform fabrication technique for ceramics in the alumina–silica system by layering binder-free, high-loaded ceramic slurries, followed by selective laser sintering. The low melting silica phase and the reaction sintering between silica and alumina favor the rapid prototyping of pure ceramic parts. On the basis of electroacoustic and viscosity measurements, stable slurries from Al₂O₃/SiO₂ powder mixtures and water with a high fluidity have been prepared for the layer deposition with a doctor blade like in tape casting. Layers with a thickness of about 100 μm were processed. It was found in laser parameter studies that ceramic parts can only be obtained using special alumina contents and laser parameters. But the biphasic approach may allow greater flexibility in the processing regime than is afforded by the use of just one material. The microstructure of these parts depends mainly on the temperature gradient induced by the laser absorption and thermal conduction. The wet shaping facilitates laser-sintered parts with a relatively high density, which could be increased by a thermal post-treatment.     

Freeform fabrication of ceramics

Abstract

Fabrication of ceramic objects by solid freeform fabrication (SFF) techniques is reviewed, with emphasis on ceramic versions of commercial rapid prototyping (RP) methods. A wide range of ceramics have been demonstrated, including aluminium oxide, silica, hydroxyapatite, silicon nitride, and lead zirconate titanate, with techniques based on extrusion, ink jet deposition, green tape lamination, and photopolymerisation. The quality of SFF ceramics compares well with conventionally processed ceramics.     

快速成型的报价系统研究

针对现有快速成型服务企业通常只凭经验提供报价，既不准确又不具有说服力，难以获得客户的认可的特点，在分析光固化快速成型制造成本组成的基础上，开发了基于模型扫描矢量计算的报价系统。算例结果表明：利用该报价系统能准确地得到快速成型零件的加工费用，该报价系统对于企业缩短报价周期和赢得客户具有重要的作用。     

陶瓷产品快速开发网络服务系统的建设

应用快速原形制造（RPM）技术可以提高陶瓷企业的新产品快速开发速度，但由于技术和成本问题，中小企业独立建设RPM系统显得不现实。因此，建设专业化的RPM网络服务系统，为中小陶瓷企业服务具有一定的必要性和可行性。文章提出了RPM网络服务系统的结构组成，论述其工作流程和关键模块的设计方法。     

Infiltration as post-processing of laser sintered metal parts

Laser sintering of metal parts is an additive production method applied in the field of rapid prototyping and rapid tooling. Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is a variant of the laser sintering processes. Metal powder is locally molten in this process and parts are built from layers. A fast laser sintering process, which is economically favourable, results in porous metal parts. For a technical application as e.g. the production of injection moulds for plastic parts, the surface has to be dense at a defined quality. A post-processing via infiltration is a possible solution for creating such surfaces. This paper describes the results of a study of the infiltration process: A model for describing the infiltration behaviour has been developed and validated through experiments.