大线性调频斜率的估计方法研究

离散多项式相位变换分析法是线性频率调制(LFM)信号参数估计方法中的常用方法,但其缺点是参数估计范围较小,不利于工程实现。文中以线性迭代预测(ILP)方法为基础,介绍了ILP方法的基本原理,提出了一种LFM信号参数估计范围的改进方法,给出了LFM信号参数估计范围改进的基本思想和实现步骤,该方法在保证估计精度的前提下能大大提高估计范围。最后仿真验证了该方法的有效性。     

LFM信号参数估计的最大似然改进算法

为实现含噪声LFM信号参数的快速检测和精确估计,提出了一种基于延时相关解线调的最大似然估计改进算法,即首先在时域内进行延时相关解线调,然后对解线调后含噪声信号进行经典功率谱估计,得到调频斜率的粗略估计,将此估计值作为初始值,再进行最大似然估计,得到调频斜率的精确估计值,用此精确估计值对原LFM信号进行解线调,再以同样的思路可以得到LFM信号初始频率的最大似然精确估计值。仿真实验证明了该算法的有效性。     

基带LFM信号的调频斜率估计

提出了一种通过提高基带LFM信号相位的直流分量和计算相位的高阶差分来提取信号的瞬时频率并采用最小二乘的方法估计出信号的调频斜率的方法。仿真结果表明,该方法在SNR≥6dB下可以实现基带LFM信号的调频斜率高精度估计。     

基于神经网络的ML方向估计

本文提出一种用于最大似然(ML)方向估计的神经网络模型。理论分析和模拟结果表明,这种网络一般可以在电路的时常数数量级内给出目标方向的ML估计值,而且网络结构和参数固定,阵列阵元输入直接作为网络的输入而无需任何运算。因此这种网络非常适用于实时处理。这为实时实现目标的精确定位提供了一条新途径。     

BICM-OFDM系统中基于ML算法的迭代频偏估计

正交频分复用(OFDM)联合比特交织编码调制(BICM),是一种能够有效地抗频率选择性衰落的技术.由于载波频偏的存在会引起载波间干扰,导致系统性能的严莺下降.针对BICM-OFDM系统提出了一种基于最大似然(ML)估计的迭代频偏估计算法.该算法充分利用了译码信息,分两步进行.首先,利用最大似然估计进行初始频偏估计,然后再利用BICM译码的硬判决反馈信息进行残留频偏估计.通过BICM迭代译码,更新译码反馈信息,提高频偏估计精度.在短波宽带信道下的仿真结果表明,在频偏为0～0.2的范围内,提出的算法经过3次迭代可有效地进行频偏估计.与传统最大似然估计算法相比,本文提出的算法提高了低信噪比下的频偏估计精度,并且提高了频偏估计范围.     

OFDM整数倍频偏ML估计方法的性能分析

提出了一种新的基于最大似然(ML)估计理论的OFDM整数倍频偏估计方法。讨论了新的和传统的整数倍频偏估计方法的均值和方差特性，分析比较了两种方法的错误估计概率。通过计算机仿真进行了验证，仿真结果和讨论分析结果相一致。     

一种LFM信号最大似然估计模型与参数估计快速算法

从最大似然估计模型入手,提出了一种适合在一般高斯噪声环境（包括色噪声）下LFM信号目标的参数估计模型和基于此估计模型的调频斜率和初始频率估计的快速算法。此方法获得了最大似然方法估计精度高的优点,且运算量比传统的最大似然方法大大降低。另外推导出了一般高斯环境下的LFM参数估计的CRB界,为一般高斯环境下的估计的参数的方差提供实际下界。     

线性调频信号参数快速估计

线性调频(LFM)信号参数检测是对SAR对抗的一个重要问题,本文在对用Radon-Wign er变换、快速解线调和最大似然(ML)估计和分析LFM信号的基础上,给出一种消除ML估计带来旁瓣的方法,进一步提出了一种局部快速搜索的最大似然估计法,并用于LFM信号的起始频率和调频斜率等参数的估计。最后给出了三种快速算法的计算机模拟结果。     

圆极化捷变LFM脉冲压缩信号分析

针对极化捷变雷达体制，提出一种脉内线性调频、脉间圆极化编码的新型复合体制雷达信号。其信号采用脉内线性调频信号的脉冲压缩来提高距离分辨率，采用脉间圆极化编码的相关检测来提高对电子干扰的抑制能力。建立了信号的数学模型并给出具体的信号处理方案，研究了一种基于Poincare极化球上空间距离的极化解码方法。仿真结果表明，该信号体制不但具有LFM脉冲压缩信号的特点，而且伪随机编码技术和极化调制技术的结合，使其具有低截获概率，并且抗干扰性能有所提高。     

基于MUSIC和ML方法的MIMO系统参数估计

该文提出了一种基于MUSIC和ML方法联合估计MIMO系统频偏和信道增益的算法,该算法首先使用MUSIC方法估计出多个发射天线到某一接收天线的频偏子集,然后利用最大似然方法在这个有限子集中分离出不同天线对之间的频偏,最后在频率同步的基础上利用最大似然估计器对信道增益进行估计。该算法解决了在估计多个频偏时直接使用最大似然估计进行多维搜索的问题,将多维搜索转化为一维搜索,降低了算法的复杂度。     

General method for ultrashort light pulse chirp measurement

Conditions to retrieve pulse intensity and chirp from autocorrelation signals are mathematically discussed. The interferometric SHG autocorrelation signal and the interferogram of fundamental light are shown to be a sufficient data set for the pulseform retrieval. This measurement scheme is experimentally demonstrated on laser diode pulses. The method utilizes Fourier analysis of the signals and iterative calculations, and is especially suited to the measurement of pulses having weak peak intensity     

对LFM脉压雷达的多相位分段调制干扰方法

针对分段随机移频干扰对目标速度无法产生欺骗的缺点,提出一种对线性调频(LFM)脉压雷达的多相位分段调制干扰方法。介绍了该方法的基本原理,建立了干扰信号的数学模型,推导了干扰信号的幅相特性和脉冲压缩结果,分析了信号分路数、调制相位数量以及相位调制值3个干扰参数对遮盖效果的影响。仿真对比验证表明,与分段随机移频干扰相比,该方法有较高的干扰功率利用率,能够形成可靠的干扰效果。     

相干宽带线性调频信号的波达方向估计新方法

提出了一种相干宽带线性调频(LFM)信号的波达方向(DOA)估计新方法。该方法利用LFM信号在分数阶Fourier域上的解线调特性,构造出新的解线调域阵列数据模型,然后结合传统的矩阵重构解相干以及MUSIC算法实现相干LFM信号的DOA估计。若同时存在多组相干LFM信号入射,则首先在不同的能量聚集域上将各信号组分离,然后逐一进行各组内相干信号的DOA估计。该方法充分地挖掘了观测信号所包含的时频信息,增加了可检测的DOA数目,提高了分辨性能和抗噪声性能。此外,该方法无冗余阵元与孔径损失,且适用于任意流型阵列。仿真结果显示,在DOA估计的均方根误差(RMSE)相同时,与传统方法相比,本方法可获得8dB左右的信噪比增益。     

基于宽窄变换的宽带线性调频脉冲检测和估计

基于时域压缩宽窄变换,提出一种宽带线性调频脉冲的检测与参数估计方法,避免了对宽带信号采集的根本性困难,能在负信噪比条件下实现未知参数chirp脉冲信号的检测,通过分维搜索精确地估计出调制斜率、初始频率、脉冲宽度和到达时间.初步研究了该方法的多信号处理能力,采用了小运算量方法精确定位谱峰.仿真验证了其有效性.     

High-resolution velocity estimation and range profile analysis of moving target for pulse LFM UWB radar

A high-resolution estimation of velocity and range profile (HREVRP) method is studied to yield both high-resolution radial velocity and range profile of slowly moving target for pulse linear frequency modulation (LFM) ultra-wideband (UWB) radar. Two-dimensional projection discrete Fourier transform (2-DPDFT) is utilized to estimate the velocity. The range profile is then obtained by compensating its motion and spread with this velocity estimate. In addition, a range of the velocities is derived based on velocity ambiguity and corresponding phase restriction. The proposed method does not require any initial velocity estimation and focusing matrices construction. Besides, it has superior performance of velocity estimation compared with conventional techniques, especially at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels. The simulations validate the effectiveness of the method.     

DOA estimation of LFM signal based on Krylov subspace method

Telecommunication Systems - Direction of arrival estimation of LFM signal is an essential task in radar, sonar, acoustics and biomedical. In this paper, a short time Fourier transform multi-step...     

Parameter estimation for random amplitude chirp signals

We consider the problem of estimating the parameters of a chirp signal observed in multiplicative noise, i.e., whose amplitude is randomly time-varying. Two methods for solving this problem are presented. First, an unstructured nonlinear least-squares approach (NLS) is proposed. It is shown that by minimizing the NLS criterion with respect to all samples of the time-varying amplitude, the problem reduces to a two-dimensional (2-D) maximization problem. A theoretical analysis of the NLS estimator is presented, and an expression for its asymptotic variance is derived. It is shown that the NLS estimator has a variance that is very close to the Cramer-Rao bound. The second approach combines the principles behind the high-order ambiguity function (HBF) and the NLS approach. It provides a computationally simpler but suboptimum estimator. A statistical analysis of the HAF-based estimator is also carried out, and closed-form expressions are derived for the asymptotic variance of the HAF estimators based on the data and on the squared data. Numerical examples attest to the validity of the theoretical analyzes and establish a comparison between the two proposed methods     

剩余啁啾对自相关法测量超短脉冲脉宽的影响

为了研究待测超短脉冲存在剩余啁啾对2次谐波自相关法测量脉宽产生的影响,以2次谐波自相关法测量原理为出发点,采用2次耦合波方程数值模拟计算了中心波长800nm、脉宽100fs的超短激光脉冲存在不同啁啾量时,经过偏硼酸钡(β-BaB2O4,BBO)晶体Ⅰ类非共线相位匹配进行2次谐波自相关测量对测量结果的影响。分析发现,正啁啾使测量值比实际值偏大,负啁啾使测量值偏小;负啁啾比正啁啾对脉宽测量的影响更大,当脉冲的啁啾参量C=20时测量误差为23%,而C=-20时测量误差高达53%;且测量误差随啁啾量的增大而增大。模拟计算了非线性晶体厚度对脉宽测量的影响,结果表明,选取较薄的非线性晶体能够有效控制啁啾量引起的测量误差,使用非线性晶体的厚度L≤0.5Ld可将脉宽测量误差控制在理想的范围。     

Programmable chirp compensation for 6-fs pulse generation with aprism-pair-formed pulse shaper

We describe a TF5 prism-pair-formed pulse shaper for programmable pulse chirp compensation. The advantages of this kind of pulse shaper are: (1) very broad bandwidth of transmission; (2) smaller losses; and (3) no requirement for a large-size spatial light modulator (SLM) if the input spectrum is very broad. In our experiment, an ultrabroad spectral (500-1000 nm) pulse is produced by launching 1-kHz, 30-fs, 400-μJ pulses at 780 nm into an argon filled glass capillary fiber at the gas pressure of 2.0 bar. The fiber has an inner diameter of 140 μm and a length of 60 cm. The chirped pulse is first precompressed by a pair of BK7 prisms with a separation length of 65 cm and then directed into the prism-pair-formed pulse-shaping apparatus with a 128-pixel SLM, which provides quadratic and cubic phase compensation. When the quadratic and cubic phases are -330 fs² and +2000 fs³, respectively, at the wavelength of 760 nm, an ultrashort optical pulse of 6 fs (FWHM) is generated. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the shortest optical pulse ever compressed using the SLM pulse-shaping technique