翻车保护结构安全性能动态试验的数值仿真

为完善有限元方法在翻车保护结构(ROPS)静/动态强度仿真试验中的应用,同时能在设计阶段充分考察ROPS的安全性能,使之顺利通过相关法规的检测,以某型号拖拉机ROPS为研究对象,根据OECD标准Code-3中关于对ROPS强度试验的要求,对模型进行合理的简化,首次提出利用有限元软件ABAQUS/Explicit对ROPS后撞试验过程进行仿真.结果显示ROPS的部分区域已经发生塑性变形,最大变形发生在撞击点处,但没有侵入安全容身区,符合标准的验收条件.各部分的应力分布与实际后翻事故中拖拉机受到冲击载荷作用的受力状况较为吻合,可以作为结构改进的依据.提出的仿真方法能有效地模拟撞击试验的动态过程,可为类似工程结构的动态仿真分析提供一定的参考.     

基于ABAQUS的装载机驾驶室防滚翻安全性能分析

利用驾驶室保护结构试验台对装载机驾驶室防滚翻结构(ROPS)进行试验,利用非线性有限元软件ABAQUS对装载机驾驶室防滚翻结构(ROPS)进行了结构改进,并进行了有限元力学性能仿真分析。结果表明:原装载机驾驶室ROPS在最小垂直载荷作用下有侵入挠曲极限区域的风险,根据实验结果对ROPS进行了结构改进,改进后进行仿真分析的ROPS在满足最小垂直载荷的同时,ROPS远离挠曲极限区域DLV,驾驶室防滚翻安全性能更加符合国家标准要求。     

矿用自卸车翻车保护结构分析及侧向性能优化

根据某矿用自卸车的翻车保护结构型式,建立翻车保护结构（简称ROPS）安全性能仿真的动态有限元模型。模拟现场试验的加载过程设计加载曲线,进行动力学求解运算。仿真结果显示ROPS侧向刚度过大导致能量吸收与侧向承载力匹配不良。针对该缺陷对翻车保护结构主要承载结构进行刚度改善并重新进行动力学求解运算,仿真结果表明优化后的ROPS侧向性能得到极大地改善,有效地保障了工程车辆的安全性。     

基于有限元技术的轮式装载机ROPS分析

以ZL50C轮式装载机ROPS为研究对象,建立有限元建模并进行非线性有限元分析,获取ROPS在各种工况下的变形情况;对ROPS性能进行测试研究,并对有限元分析结果和试验结果进行对比分析。基于判定工程车辆ROPS失效准则,利用非线性有限元方法对ROPS进行理论结算。     

侧翻工况下零转弯半径割草机ROPS动态仿真

为了研究零转弯半径割草机(Zero Turning Radius Mower)在土壤斜坡上ROPS的动态响应过程以及确保驾驶员在侧翻过程中的安全,提出了对ZTR割草机整机ROPS动态仿真建模及理论分析方法,以某割草机在倾角为30°的土壤斜坡侧翻工况为例,利用多刚体动力学及弹性体模型相结合的有限元非线性分析方法进行研究,运用LS-DYNA软件对割草机ROPS进行动态仿真分析,结合理论分析和最新ISO21299(2009E)评定标准,验证了建模方法的可行性及仿真结果的合理性。仿真实验结果表明:在整车碰撞过程中ROPS的最大冲击力为22562.3N,最大变形量为43.49mm,吸收的能量值为824.7J,研究表明驾驶员不会暴露于容身空间范围之外(根据ISO21299新标准计算得到容身空间暴露时ROPS最大变形量为275mm),确保了安全性,但是研究也发现目标割草机所采用的ROPS材料(Q235)过度安全,其强度及刚度匹配有待进一步优化。     

某工程车驾驶室ROPS仿真分析及试验研究

某工程车驾驶室翻车保护结构(ROPS)是驾驶员在车辆发生翻车事故中重要的安全保障,结构可靠性对驾驶员生命安全有着不可忽视的作用。本研究通过建立某工程车驾驶室ROPS虚拟模型,根据非线性有限元接触理论,对模型进行最小侧向承载能力、最小垂直承载能力有限元分析,再对ROPS样机进行试验研究。结果表明,应用非线性有限元分析方法对ROPS理论计算是合理的。     

基于有限单元法驾驶室防翻保护结构性能分析

防滚翻保护装置（ROPS）设计的可靠性,直接影响驾驶员是否能得到有效的保护。根据实车尺寸和视野要求,进行ROPS结构设计和挠曲极限量DLV设计;利用UG建立驾驶室三维模型,并建立有限元分析模型;根据国家标准关于ROPS的规定,对驾驶室翻滚保护的安全性进行分析,重点对不同方向的承载进行分析;基于驾驶室翻滚测试试验台,选取侧向加载进行测试,验证模型分析的可靠性。结果可知：当侧向力增加到140kN时,驾驶室吸收的能量为16672J,满足最小能量吸收能力要求;侧向载荷加载时,应力和位移均出现最大值,分别为372MPa和11.86mm,满足材料承载和能量加载要求;试验获得侧向加载时的最大应力和最大位移,满足材料和设计尺寸的要求,且与仿真结果的误差均小于4%,表明仿真分析模型是可靠的。所设计的防翻保护装置可以起到保护作用,为此类设计生产提供参考。     

材料屈服极限对工程车辆驾驶室翻车保护结构有限元仿真结果的影响

以非线性有限元技术为理论基础,根据国际试验标准中力的加载方式,建立含有翻车保护结构(ROPS)的非线性有限元模型.通过Nastran的非线性分析对模型进行了最小侧向承载能力、垂直承载能力和纵向承载能力分析,比较了ROPS材料屈服极限对最小侧向承载能力变形和应力结果的影响,为后期的有限元模型修正提供了较可靠的依据.     

挖掘机翻车保护装置的计算机仿真与试验研究

简介挖掘机翻车保护结构的特点及功能要求.结合非线性有限元理论,以某挖掘机保护结构为研究对象,进行侧向和前向加载的仿真和模拟,得到翻车保护装置(ROPS)在侧向与前向加载时的载荷-位移曲线,并分析其变形规律.同时根据GB/T 19932-2005标准对此装置进行试验测试,通过与试验数据对比,验证了有限元分析的可行性,为后期的结构设计及优化提供了可靠的依据.     

基于梯度优化法的驾驶室ROPS离散变量优化设计

工程实际中,驾驶室翻车保护装置ROPS所用的矩形钢,是由高强钢板折弯焊接而成,标准库内备选的钢板厚度规格有限且不连续。因此,驾驶室ROPS优化设计属于离散变量优化问题。利用分离常数项的高维拉格朗日材料插值模型,将离散板厚连续化,并将插值后的连续板厚代入TPS-HDMR代理模型中,建立设计参数与目标函数的近似模型。采用梯度优化法对驾驶室ROPS进行板厚优化。优化结果与遗传算法结果对比,验证该方法的可行性,该方法计算效率高于遗传算法。此外,该方法还可以提高建立代理模型的效率与精度。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.